摘要:

Benign prostatic hyperplastic tissue has been shown to produce, and respond to, a variety of peptide growth factors which appear to mediate communication between cells in the gland. Androgenic effects may be exerted on prostatic tissue through the modulation of these hormones and their receptors.

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia is an important urological problem. Accurate diagnosis relies upon a balanced assessment of symptoms, physical examination and appropriate urodynamic assessment. Failure to use such an approach will lead to incorrect diagnosis in a proportion of patients.

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is still the gold standard in the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). It has proved possible to reduce the mortality rate from this operation almost to zero, whereas the morbidity has remained unchanged at 18% for decades. Procedures that will be similarly effective but have lower morbidity are therefore still needed. Current developments in this field are intra-urethral implants (spiral, intra-urethral catheter, Wallstent), balloon dilatation, transurethral incision of the prostate (TUIP), ultrasound-induced aspiration of tissue and heat treatment (hyperthermia, thermotherapy). Chances of success and risks inherent in these different technical procedures are reviewed. The Wallstent, TUIP, and thermotherapy are the methods of future potential.

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Interstitial laser-assisted thermocoagulation (ILC) is a simple and minimally invasive procedure which preserves the prostatic urethra and bladder outlet, restricts bleeding, provides a short post-operative monitoring, and also destroys carcinomas of the inner parts of the gland. It can be adjusted to the specific size requirements of each case and can therefore be used in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), which devitalizes precisely defined hyperplastic areas. Because long-term observations are needed, it is at present impossible to draw a final conclusion concerning the value of this procedure.

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A number of investigations of the use of novel laser technologies are currently underway, both in the USA and other parts of the world. Laser energy may be harnessed to provide yet another minimally invasive alternative to transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) with the potential for safer, more rapid and lasting relief of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Only time and the results of controlled clinical trials will determine which modality will emerge successfully.

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The recent advances related to bacterial adhesion and urinary tract infection have been noted in several areas. The importance of adhesion per se in pathogenesis remains clear, although the actual number of adhesin-expressing attached organisms present per bladder cell during acute and chronic infection appears to vary. Although steps have been made to examine asymptomatic infections, further investigations are required to understand the process and develop efficient ways of treating the patients, especially those with spinal cord injury. The use of alternative approaches such as immunization are in their infancy. For complicated infections related to the insertion of a prosthesis, bacterial biofilms are known to form and resist antimicrobial action on various biomaterial surfaces. The deposition of a conditioning film appears to predispose adhesion. Although antiseptic and antibiotic use can control infection to some extent, only the use of prophylactic antibiotics before implantation or large-dose therapy after insertion will have any chance of being efficacious. The problem with devices implanted for a longer duration, will be emergence of drug-resistant planktonic and adherent bacteria.

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The current diagnosis and management of pediatric urinary tract infection is reviewed along with recent developments in the pathophysiology of urinary infection. We discuss current knowledge of host and bacterial factors and how these influence our management in terms of investigation and treatment.

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Standardized diagnostic procedures including microbiologic and cytologic examinations of expressed prostatic secretions (EPS) are prerequisites for a correct classification of prostatitis syndromes and a rational therapeutic approach. In fact, only a small proportion of patients suffer from bacterial prostatitis and may thus benefit from modern antimicrobial therapy with fluoroquinolones. For the majority of patients, the 'non-bacterial' inflammatory condition is of unknown etiology: effective therapy of this type of prostatic inflammation is yet to be found. Further basic clinical, microbiologic and immunologic studies are urgently needed to elucidate this complex entity often frustrating both patient and urologist.

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Neisseria gonorrhoeae andChlamydia trachomatisare the most important and potentially dangerous pathogens causing male sexually transmitted urethritis. New methods for directly detecting these organisms (especially C.trachomatis) in clinical specimens have been developed in recent years. In addition, new antimicrobial agents with a high level of activity against either N.gonorrhoeae, C. trachomatis, or both organisms have been developed. The aim of this review is to summarize the literature related to the diagnosis and treatment of gonococcal and chlamydial urethritis.

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID