摘要:

This study reports on the longitudinal changes in scent marking frequencies of male and female lion tamarins in relation to age, reproductive status, and group composition. Juvenile males and females in family groups and subordinate males in trios (2 males, 1 female) scent marked infrequently. Juvenile females scent marked less than juvenile males and began scent marking later. Adult pair-bonded males and females scent marked with similar frequencies. Females showed scent marking increases during mid-pregnancy, but their scent marking decreased both before and again after parturition. Both males and females exhibited decreases in scent marking while transporting dependent infants.

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155924

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Three quantities, circadian period, amount of activity, and ratio of activity time to rest time of circadian locomotor rhythms in the night monkey (Aotus trivirgatus) were measured under the influence of two constant light intensities. When light intensity was increased from < 0.1 to 100 lx, the circadian period increased, showing that Aschoff’s rule can be valid for this dark active primate species. The ratio of activity time to rest time was shorter under 100 lx than under < 0.1 lx of continuous light, but a consistent change in the amount of activity did not occur between both light intensitie

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155925

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Activity profiles from a group of stumptail monkeys differed significantly from the profiles previously reported for pigtail monkeys, mangabeys and geladas scored under nearly identical conditions. Variables such as sex, weather and time of day, however, often had similar influences on the activity profiles of several or all of the groups. Data obtained on the stumptail monkeys in this study were more similar to data collected on other groups of stumptails, living under very different conditions, than to the data collected on different species living under nearly identical conditions. Infant care patterns in the stumptails included interactions with adult males and females and were not significantly influenced by kinship.

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155926

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In an 11-month study, data on the establishment of dominance and grooming relations were collected over a 3-month period on an all-female pigtail monkey group. Subsequently, 3 adult males were introduced singly to the females and remained in the group for 1 month each. Data on social relations were collected to examine stability among female relationships with and without males present, and the dependence of female dominance on male support. The results revealed: (1) males were accepted into the group and attained dominance; (2) reciprocal affinitive relationships were established between each of the males and the alpha female, and (3) the alpha female’s dominance status was independent of male preference for another femal

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155927

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The characteristics of mixed-species groups and interspecific interactions involving the mangabey, Cercocebus albigena, are described. Polyspecific associations are common and behaviorally complex. In Uganda, ecological data suggest that associations with some species are related to foraging, although evidence that these associations benefit the individuals involved remains equivocal. West African data indicate considerable geographic variability in polyspecific association tendencies.

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155928

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Langur monkeys normally have many important caregivers from birth. Mothers of 6- to 8-month-old infants were removed from the infants’ social groups for 2 weeks, and the effects of the separations on infant behavior were assessed. All infants showed changes in behavior. Their reactions to loss ranged from minimal to severe – in 2 instances, death. All infants sought care during separation, and most infants showed strong preferences for certain females. A majority of infants adopted a major caregiver during the mother’s absence. Adoptions were entirely infant-initiated, and most infants remained with their adopted caregivers when the mothers were returned. Factors influencing infant response to mother loss included previous quality of maternal care, availability of accepting caregivers, and peer compet

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155929

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

During 4 years of observations of a troop of free-ranging Japanese monkeys, more than 40 ‘orphans’, young monkeys who lost their mothers, were found. Most infants who lost their mothers before the weaning period could not survive, while young animals over 1 year old could survive their mothers’ deaths. Adult males of the troop and immature close relatives were observed to become the caretaker of these orphans. With a few exceptions, adult females were indifferent to orphans. Grooming behavior, rank, solitariness of males, and maternal behavior of females are compared between orphans and non-or

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155930

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155931

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger