摘要:

The facial expressions of captive, group-living squirrel monkeys are described. Elements of facial expressions, the occurrence of these expressions and accompanying vocalizations are detailed. The range of facial expressions recorded for this species is similar to that previously reported for other simian primates.

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155823

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The physiological and behavioral factors underlying the annual reproductive cycle of the squirrel monkey were evaluated under controlled laboratory conditions. Mating activity following the formation of two social groups served to synchronize the reproductive phases during the subsequent year of observation. Changes in male and female reproductive status were assessed during four designated phases: breeding, pregnancy, lactation and fatting. Behavioral and somatic changes in gonadectomized subjects, living in the social groups, were also evaluated. The variations in behavior and physiology across the year were considered in terms of factors constraining the timing of the natural reproductive pattern.

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155824

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Findings are presented from a 9-week field study on Aotus trivirgatus in continuous primary, tropical forest in Peru. One group of 2 adults and 2 juveniles utilized the same lodge area in the center of a home range of 3.1 ha for the duration of the study. The group utilized eleven fruit trees of nine different species during the 9 weeks. The home range overlapped extensively with that of other Aotus groups.

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155825

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Electrophysiological and behavioural methods have been applied to 34 species of the primates and, for comparison, to the Madagascan hedgehog to determine their responses to the proteins thaumatin and monellin. These substances elicit an intensely sweet taste sensation in man. All Catarrhina prefer monellin to water. The responses of the Prosimii as well as those of the South American primates to monellin are different, some species show a reaction, other species are not sensitive. In the case of thaumatin neither the Prosimii – including Tupaia and Tarsius – nor the South American primates show any response to this protein. Only the Cercopithecidae, the Hylobatidae and the Pongidae respond to this protein like man and prefer this substance to water. This physiological aspect of taste constitutes a clear dichotomy within the order Primates. This capability to taste thaumatin probably developed as long as 38 million years

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155826

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Analyses of marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) milk were carried out to determine values for crude protein, lactose, total lipids, major minerals, and osmotic pressure. Mean values were (g/100 ml): protein, 3.6; lactose, 7.5; total lipids, 7.7; minerals (mg/100 ml): sodium, 21.4; potassium, 54.3; calcium, 92.2; phosphorus, 22.8; magnesium, 5.0; chloride, 52.2; osmotic pressure, 354 mosm/kg water. Similar analyses were conducted on 2 milk substitutes used in hand-rearing programmes. Fatty acid analyses were carried out on natural milk, the milk substitutes, and the marmoset diet. For hand-rearing C. jacchus it is recommended that a human milk substitute is modified by increasing the levels of protein, carbohydrate, and total lipids, and that a small amount of fish oil is added.

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155827

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155828

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger