摘要:

Dyadic distances in captive patas and gelada monkeys were found to be distributed according to the frequency function y = a e–ax, where a is the attraction among the two monkeys. Observed deviations from the distribution are discussed. Dyadic distances were greater in patas than in geladas. In both species, male-male distances were greater than female-female and male-female distance

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155598

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

One troop of red colobus monkeys (Colobus badius tephrosceles) was observed in the Gombe National Park (Tanzania) and two other troops in the Kibale Forest Reserve (Uganda). The proportions of time spent in different activities by the animals were measured by counting, at quarter-hourly intervals, the number of animals visible which were engaged in different activities. The animals spent approximately 30 % of the daytime feeding and 60 % inactive. Males spent rather less time feeding and more time inactive than females or adolescents. Within each troop, feeding activity was closely synchronized. Peaks of feeding activity usually occurred in the first half of the morning and in the second half of the afternoon. At least one feeding bout occurred in the intervening period on most days, often during the midday period.

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155599

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The ecology of Colobus guereza in Ethiopia is described. Data on group size from a number of localities are given, and groups are typically found to be one-male groups of 5-8 animals. The dynamics of one population are discussed with particular reference to birth and death rates and immigration and emigration. Daily activity patterns and use of home ranges are described. The ecological determinants of population density, group size and home range size are investigated.

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155600

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The processes involved in subgroup formation and maintenance were studied in a captive colony of squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) containing 2 adult males, 6 adult females, 2 infant males, and 1 juvenile male. On two successive occasions, the group was divided in half, placing an adult female from one subgroup with members of the other major subgroup. In both cases the experimental female was not admitted to the adult female huddle group but was accepted into a huddle group with the adult and juvenile males. Grouping tendencies during the 5 weeks of testing are described in terms of spatial cliques, and behavioral interactions are analyzed to identify the processes responsible for subgroup patterns in squirrel monkeys.

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155601

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A list of over 100 behavioral units is presented including descriptive definitions. Emphasis is put on the elucidation of overlapping units as well as on different criteria for splitting and lumping of units.

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155602

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The early postnatal development of Tarsius bancanus borneanus was observed in two cases, stressing diverse developing behavioral patterns. One social role of secretion of the circumoral gland [Sprankel] became evident. The observations elucidated the function of the different senses during the first months in the life of a Tarsier. Social aspects, feeding behavior, locomotion and play form the main parts of this study.

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155603

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The visual acuity criterion was used to determine the relative spectral luminous efficiency function at scotopic and photopic levels in the rhesus monkey, sooty mangabey, and olive baboon. The stimulus energy necessary to resolve gratings subtending 11.235 and 1.976 min of arc was determined at nine wavelengths. The coarser gratings had a visual acuity requirement of 0.089, which could be resolved at very dim luminance levels, while the finer gratings had an acuity requirement of 0.506, which could be resolved only at very high luminance levels. The relative luminous efficiency functions obtained with the coarse gratings were comparable for the three species except in the long wavelength region where the baboons were relatively less sensitive and the mangabeys relatively more sensitive than the rhesus. With the finer gratings, the major differences among species again were in the long wavelength region with the rhesus showing a pronounced relatively reduced sensitivity.

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155604

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Histological observations were made on the nasal cavities of 3 tree shrews, 2 slow lorises, 2 macaques and 1 gibbon. A naked rhinarium was seen in the two prosimian primates, whereas the snouts of the simian primates were lined by hairy skin. Other differences were the presence of vomeronasal organs and a wider distribution of olfactory mucosa in the nasal fossae of the prosimian primates. The respiratory epithelium of the prosimian primates consisted of a pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium. In the simian primates, this epithelium showed a tendency to become stratified. Only serous glands were seen in the respiratory mucosa of the prosimian primates while both serous and mucous glands were present in the simian primates.

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155605

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155606

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155597

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger