摘要:

The characteristic calls of Saguinus fuscicollis are described and illustrated with sound spectrograms. Each call type and its associated behavior is listed together with motor and vocal responses usually observed for a given context. Many of the call types are highly specific to social contexts while others appear to reflect changes in excitation level. Call types form two categories when related according to their acoustic structural similarity. Information in the ‘group vocabulary’ is discussed under five functional categories: spatial cohesion; alerting; aggressive behavior; infant calls, and adult vocalization during infant ca

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155708

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Competitions for access to water were conducted weekly in a captive group of Macaca arctoides. After giving birth, parturient females that had been low in order of access showed elevations. Elevation was not due solely to increased motivation for water, since it depended on the presence of higher ranking animals. Presence of higher ranking animals did not influence agonistic behavior involving parturient females as greatly as it influenced order of access to water. Elevation of access order after parturition tended to be long lasting, and it was not an artifact of depression in access order preceding birth. Delivery of a dead fetus did not alter access order.

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155709

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Observations on adult interindividual spacing and social interactions for 13 spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi) of an approximately 48 animal captive colony were made from mid-June through August 1972. In this analysis the interanimal distances, general activities, and social interactions per minute observation for each subject were compared for a sample of 7 sexually mature males and 6 sexually mature females. Association tendencies between members of the same sex were significantly high as were exchanges of the taxon-specific ‘pectoral sniff and embrace’ interactions and grooming. The direction and nature of agonistic interactions was predominantly intersexual and involved frequent attacks by single or multiple males against females. Comparisons with a feral population of spider monkeys (Ateles belzebuth) revealed marked similarities in spatial affinities and patterns of social interact

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155710

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A troop of olive baboons, Papio anubis, was studied for 11 months in an open-country habitat near Gilgil, Kenya. Detailed mapping of troop movements was undertaken and provided a precise picture of range usage, showing that a small part of the range was used intensively. Gradations of home range use are described quantitatively. Tendencies to spread out and coalesce in different parts of the range are investigated. Shifting ranging patterns are examined together with meteorological factors, seasonal food supplies and water availability.

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155711

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

It is shown that the amount of locomotor activity of night monkeys (Aotus trivirgatus) depends very markedly on the intensity of illumination in the darkness phase of an artificial light/darkness cycle 12:12 h. Maximum activity occurs with the degree of brightness of full moon at approximately 0.1 1x. Lesser as well as higher light intensities have an inhibiting effect on the activity of Aotus. This findings are in accordance with the results of activity measurements on the Aotus under natural illumination conditions in the vicinity of the equator.

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155712

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

This is a preliminary study on the comparative microscopic anatomy of the external noses of platyrrhine monkeys. Platyrrhinism is caused by the lateral width of the internarium (Alar cartilages, soft tissue in the sulcus interalaris covered by the integument). The septum nasi, situated caudal to the internarium is not involved in platyrrhinism. Aotus and Alouatta are, according to the definition, truely platyrrhine. The division of the higher primates into Platyrrhina and Catarrhina is justified. The anterior surface of the internarium (sinus hairs) is a sensorial area.

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155713

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Chromosome analysis in 23 specimens of Alouatta s. seniculus, trapped in different localities of Colombia were examined with the C- and Q-banding techniques. The chromosome number (2n = 44) showed variations from 2n = 43 to 2n = 45 involving three and five microchromosomes, respectively. Two specimens also showed a structural chromosome variation involving a pericentric inversion of the chromosome No. 13. Chromosome measurements revealed an X chromosome with a value significantly smaller to that established for the standard mammalian X chromosome.

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155714

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

19 recognized species of macaques (Macaca) are allocated to four species groups (fascicularis group, silenus-sylvanus group, sinica group, arctoides group) based primarily on structure of male external genitalia. Geographic ranges of all four species groups are partly sympatric; ranges of species within each group apparently are allopatric. Distribution patterns suggest that the silenus-sylvanus group probably dispersed earliest, the sinica group next, and the fascicularis group most recently; successively more recent dispersals probably contributed to reduction and disjunction of ranges of species groups that dispersed earlier. An artificial key to external characters of recognized species is presented. Deficiencies are noted in Hill’s recently published taxonomic treatment of macaques; these criticisms concern Hill’s classification, key, nomenclature and range m

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155715

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155716

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155717

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger