ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1977.tb03580.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The skin sensitization of cinnamaldehyde is probably initialed by the reaction of cinnamaldehyde with ɛ‐amino groups on protein side chains. α‐Substituted cinnamaldehydes, which are known nottobe skin sensitizers, react very slowly or not at all with amines in comparison with cinnamald

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1977.tb03581.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Ten chemically different compounds were applied to the skin of the backs of male and female volunteers to induce delayed hypersensitivity responses. The 10 compounds had a low, moderate, high or unknown allergenic potential and were divided among five test panels (modified Draize) consisting of 150 subjects each. In each panel, 75 subjects (mean age 31 years) were always male prisoners (50 % Caucasians) and the remaining 75 subjects (>90 % Caucasians) were divided, age‐matched free males and females (mean age 24 years). Three compounds, each on different panels, had a significantly higher sensitization rate in females than in free males or total males. The remaining compounds produced sensitization, usually in lower numbers, but females dominated in sensitization rates. Viewed as absolute rates of sensitization for the 10 compounds, females were higher on eight test compounds and lied on two when compared to all males. These studies show that females develop significantly more cell‐mediated immune responses to some chemical haptenes than men and the data also points to an overall higher rate of haptene recognition. Seven of these 10 compounds were simultaneously tested for their sensitization potential by the modified Maximization method (all mules) in order to compare the two tests' ability to disclose potential sensitizers. Female sensitizations on the modified Drake accounted for this test's superior

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1977.tb03582.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Four patients with occupational contact dermatitis toLactuca sativahad cross‐sensitivity toCichorium endivia.One of the patients also had contact urticaria toLactucaandCichorium, and another reacted positively to scratch tests with these plants as a sign of immediate allergy. In two cases such immediate allergy was considered the cause of a vesicular, intense itching eruption within a few minutes of contact with fresh leaves ofLactucaon previously eczematous skin. The severe chronic dermatitis of the hands of these patients is ascribed to combined delayed and immediate allerg

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1977.tb03583.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In a recent outbreak of hand eczema amongst cleaning personnel after the introduction of a new, lemon‐scented detergent, it was noted that the patients complained of a burning, stinging sensation when their hands were submerged in hot detergent solutions. Since routine patch testing with the Standard Series and perfume components was of no help in pinpointing the responsible agent, testing with selected perfume components was repeated at higher temperatures. Identical tests were placed on both forearms for 20 min, one arm being exposed to 43°C. the other to 23–25 °C. Little or no reaction was seen on the “cold” arm, whereas the lemon perfume component Citral proved to be a strong primary irritant at higher temperatures.Histological examination of the test sites showed the reaction to be of a toxic (primary irritant) nature. Surprisingly, the toxic character could still be recognized in biopsies taken as late as 48 h after exposure.It is suggested that:1. Heat plays an important part in the outbreak of primary irritant (toxic) dermatitis and can be used as an accelerating factor when testing for primary irritants.2. It is important to be sure that detergents and detergent perfumes do not contain substances which act as irritants at the temperatures at which they are habitually used (45–50°C).3. We probably ought to use lukewarm rather than hot water for manual dishwashing and cleaning whenever it

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1977.tb03584.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1977.tb03585.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1977.tb03586.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1977.tb03587.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1977.tb03590.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1977.tb03592.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY