摘要:

Gingiva and submandibular lymph nodes from 12 squirrel monkeys that had been sensitized to ovalbumin, and from 4 unsensitized monkeys, were studied for the presence of cells containing specific antibody after intracrevicular challenge with ovalbumin‐soaked thread. Immunofluorescent methods were used to identify antibody to ovalbumin in cells in these tissues.The chronic allergic response in the gingiva of sensitized animals that had been challenged three times per week for three months did include cells containing antibody to the antigen used for sensitization and challenge. Such cells were not found in gingiva from similarly treated unsensitized monkeys, or from sensitized monkeys challenged for a shorter time.A few antibody‐containing cells were found in the submandibular lymph nodes ipsilateral to chronic intracrevicular placement of antigen in unsensitized animals, indicating active sensitization by gingival absorption of antigen. Antibody formation by cells in submandibular nodes, induced by systemic sensitization, was continued in nodes ipsilateral to gingival challenge, but tended to disappear in contralateral no

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1970.tb01831.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1970.tb00734.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The ultrastructural nature of the interface between dental hard tissue and soft and calcified deposits was studied in undecalcified and decalcified thin sections from 28 extracted human teeth. Uncalcified plaques contained clusters of densely packed microorganisms which adhered to cuticular structures or directly to the tooth surface. In calcified deposits, on the other hand, larger amounts of intercellular material generally separated the cells from each other and from the tooth surface. An intimate relationship existed in most instances between the intercellular matrix of calculus and the organic matrix of the dental hard tissue as well as between the mineral crystals of calculus and those of the underlying tooth surfaces.Mechanical locking of the deposits in cracks, resorptions, carious lesions, and other defects of the tooth surface was frequently observed. Moreover, calculus was closely adapted to the sub‐microscopic irregularities which were present even on “smooth” tooth surfaces. At the ultra‐structural level, the predominant mode of attachment appeared to be the adhesion of organic interbacterial substance to the tooth surface, in addition to intercrystalline forces of inorganic nature acting between crystals of calculus and underlying tooth substance. The relative importance of the latter factor presumably increases as the concrement

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1970.tb01832.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Inflamed cat and dog gingivae were examined electron microscopically to determine the ultrastructural features of chronic marginal gingivitis and to compare inflamed with clinically healthy gingiva. With increasing degrees of inflammation there was an increase in: the dilatation of blood vessels; the number of intravascular, extravascular and intraepithelial neutrophils; the frequency and depth at which ruptured and degranulated neutrophils were observed; in the width of the intercellular spaces of the crevicular epithelium and in the number of plasma cells and macrophages. There was a corresponding decrease in the number of fibroblasts, collagen fibrils, and desmosomes in the crevicular epithelium. Some blood vessels were fenestrated and some showed concentric laminae of material which resembled and was continuous with the perivascular basal lamina. Breaks up to several microns in width were observed in the epithelial basal lamina and these were often associated with, or occupied by, neutrophils or macrophages. Neutrophils were found in the keratinized masticatory epithelium only in severely inflamed specimens. The striking features of chronically inflamed gingivae—wide intercellular spaces, neutrophil infiltration, cellular degeneration—were essentially those features which distinguish the crevicular region from other areas of the oral mucosa, but were quantitatively much increa

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1970.tb01833.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Collagen biosynthesis, as measured by conversion of 3–43H‐proline to3H‐hydroxyproline, was studied in excised gingival samples utilizing anin vitrotissue slice incubation technique. Samples of clinically normal gingiva and gingiva affected by periodontitis were studied in ten mongoloid patients and eleven non‐mongoloid mentally normal patients. High3H‐proline uptakes were found in all samples of mongoloid gingiva indicating a high level of collagen synthesis. A possible metabolic block in collagen maturation is suggested as an etiologic factor in the severe form of periodontitis

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1970.tb01834.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of the present study was to determine the number and origin of leukocytes in saliva. Leukocytes were collected from saliva by a modification of the method of Klinkhamer. The‐number of leukocytes was found to vary from person to person, and for a given person during the day. There was also a slight individual variation from day to day. Starting with clean teeth and normal gingiva 18 students ceased all oral hygiene measures for a period of 3 weeks. During this time although gingivitis developed and there was a three‐fold increase of leukocytes, the number of salivary leukocytes did not reflect the gingival condition in a given subject. To prevent emanation of leukocytes through the gingival crevices, acrylic splints which covered the teeth and 5 mm of the marginal gingiva of the maxilla and mandible were made for 7 persons. The number of leukocytes accumulating under the splints indicated that the majority of salivary leukocytes enter the oral cavity via the crevi

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1970.tb01835.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The presence of leukocytes within the crevices of clinically healthy and chronically inflamed gingivae has been studied in human and dog. Cellular samples were obtained from the gingival crevices by the “Styroflex” technique. The area on the styroflex film showing the presence of leukocytes was determined and a differential count of the cells performed. Biopsies were also taken from dogs with clinically healthy gingivae.Neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes were regularly found in samples from clinically healthy gingivae even when histological sections failed to show any inflammatory infiltrates in the gingival connective tissue. The differential counts showed 95–97 % neutrophils, 1–2 % lymphocytes and 2–3 % monocytes. Increased numbers of leukocytes were found in the crevices of chronically inflamed gingivae. However, the proportions of the various leukocytes were the same as those found in the crevices of clinically healthy gingivae. The results of the present investigation support the view that only quantitative differences exist between clinically healthy and chronically inflamed

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1970.tb01836.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The migration of neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes into crevices of resting clinically healthy, and chronically inflamed gingivae has been studied in dogs. Cellular samples were obtained from crevices by the use of the “Styroflex” technique. Labelling of blood neutrophils and monocytes was performed with intravenously injected colloidal carbon. Samples were collected from the crevices at various time intervals after the labelling procedure. Labelled neutrophils and monocytes were found in the crevices of both healthy and chronically inflamed gingivae. The cells appeared to migrate at a higher rate into the inflamed crevices than into the healthy crevices. The monocytes seemed to migrate somewhat more slowly than the neutroph

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1970.tb01837.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The lower incisor teeth of 28 male baboons used in a six‐month nutritional study were examined post mortem and assessed for calculus deposits. Animals fed a predominantly sucrose diet were found to have significantly more calculus than animals on predominantly fructose and spray dried liquid glucose diet

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1970.tb01838.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The investigation was undertaken to evaluate the effect on the periodontal conditions of fixed unilateral bridges which had been in the mouth 1 to 3 years. Seventy‐three bridges in 73 patients (50 women, 23 men) were examined. One group of 35 individuals had been instructed in methods for improving their oral hygiene, whereas another group (38 individuals) had not.In all, 146 abutment teeth were examined. An equal number of homologus teeth in the same patients served as controls. The gingival state and oral hygiene were recorded according to index systems proposed by Löe and Silness (1963) and Silness and Löe (1964). Pocket depth measurements were made as explained by Glavind and Löe (1967). The location of the crown margins of the bridge retainers was recorded according to a Margin Index System proposed by the author. The distribution of soft deposits and the location of gingivitis were similar around the abutment teeth and the homologous teeth. The average pocket depth of the abutment teeth was not deeper than that of the controls. In areas with crown margins below the gingival crest, more severe gingivitis was registered than in the control areas. The periodontal conditions were better in the individuals who had been instructed to practice oral hygiene measures as compared to the non‐instructed individuals. Possible reasons why soft deposits remain undetected on clinical examination of subgingival restorations are discussed. It is suggested that the gingival inflammation around the abutment teeth and the homologous teeth is caused by the usual bacterial mech

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1970.tb01839.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY