摘要:

Human dental plaque extracts in Gey's medium and whole human saliva were tested in the Boyden Chamber system for chemotactic activity against rabbit peritoneal polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Positive controls were a semipurified bacterial chemotactic factor and a complement derived chemotactic factor, Gey's medium alone served as a negative control. The method appeared to be very sensitive as concentrations of less than one mg plaque per ml medium gave a clear chemotactic response. Whole human saliva was less chemotactic than dental plaque. Incubation of equal concentrations of plaque extract in both the upper and lower compartments of the Boyden Chamber did not result in a large increase in cell migration, indicating that most cell migration in reaction to dental plaque extract in this system depends on a concentration gradient. The chemotactic factor or factors were present in plaque at the time it was collected, they were readily dissolvable in water, and they were heat stable. The dose range in which dental plaque extract would evoke a chemotactic response was variable and usually very narrow. Replicate tests. yielded highly variable results indicating that this method is not suitable for quantitative comparisons. Extracts of the same dilution were prepared from dental plaque samples from a small population with varying degrees of gingivitis. Differences in chemotactic response to those samples could not be related to the intensity of gingivitis.

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1974.tb00646.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1974.tb01758.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1974.tb01759.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1974.tb01760.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

As a means of elucidating the mechanisms involved In the formation of salivary calculus and to delineate the factors responsible for individual variation, comparative studies were conducted on developing deposits in heavy calculus formers and light formers.Three‐day deposits from a) lingual surfaces of lower anterior teeth and b) facial surfaces of maxillary teeth were analysed for calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, chloride, magnesium, protein, hexose, methylpentose, hexosamine and fructose. The lingual deposits from heavy formers contained much higher levels of calcium (9 vs. 5.5 %) and phosphorus (5 vs. 1.4 %) and lower levels of potassium, methylpentose and hexosamine than light formers. In the maxillary deposits calcium and phosphorus levels were much lower than in the lower lingual. The differences between heavy and light formers were in. the same direction as in lingual deposits but not nearly as pronounced. When the plaques were extracted with water and the soluble (about 30 %) and insoluble fractions (about 70 %) were analysed separately, the insoluble fraction reflected the differences in calcium, phosphorus, potassium and carbohydrate noted for the total plaque. In the soluble fraction heavy formers exhibited more calcium, magnesium and sodium (not phosphorus) and less potassium and carbohydrate. Mineralization of plaque appears no be associated with loss of carbohydrat

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1974.tb00647.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The periodontal status of the six teeth of the Ramfjord P. D. J. in 89 women aged 17–23 years who were taking an oral contraceptive was compared with a group of 72 in the same age bracket practising other forms of contraception. Mean plaque scores for the two groups showed no significant difference, but were slightly lower in the hormonal group. G.I. scores for the hormonal group were slightly higher than for the other group, but the difference was not significant. Those who had been on oral contraceptives for more than 1.5 years (mean 3.0 years) had a lower plaque score than those who had taken them for less than 1.5 years (mean 0.7 years) but their G. I. was greater, and their mean amount of periodontal destruction significantly greater than in the shorter time group and in those of comparable age using other forms of contraceptio

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1974.tb00648.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A survey was performed to evaluate the relationships among orogranulocytic migratory rale, gingival index and plaque index in a group of systematically healthy preschool children.The fifty children selected for study had only primary teeth, no pharyngeal or extragingival inflammation and were taking no medication. Each child was subjectively scored for the amount of bacterial plaque and gingival inflammation present. The rate of migration of leukocytes into the oral cavity per 30 second period was determined from the last three of ten 30 second consecutive oral saliva rinses as an objective measure of gingival inflammation.A minimal amount of localized mild marginal gingivitis was observed in the presence of a rather large plaque accumulation. No significant correlation was observed between rates of oral leukocyte migration and the degree of gingival inflammation. However, the leukocyte migratory rates in this group were quite low as compared to those found in adults by other investigators.

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1974.tb00649.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1974.tb01761.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1974.tb01762.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Arylaminopeptidase and glycosidase activities were studied by histochemical staining methods in human tooth and supporting tissue ontogeny in order to demonstrate the possible metabolic differences in the differentiated and undifferentiated cells of the formation, modelling and re‐modelling metabolism of the tissue involved. The enzyme activities were studied using various N‐L‐ aminoacyl‐2‐naphthylamines and 1‐ and 2‐naphthol glycosides and ‐esters as substrates. The arylaminopeptidase activity (EC 3.4.11) was observed (1) in the basal cell layer of oral epithelium in the stomodeum, (2) in the subjacent mesoderm, (3) in the outer and (4) inner enamel epithelium, (5) in the dental papilla, (6) in the dental lamina, and (7) in the primordium of permanent tooth. No arylaminopeptidase activity could be observed in ameloblasts. odontoblasts. enamel, dentin, stellate reticulum and pulp, and the inner enamel epithelium also lost its activity during the stage of apposition. The following glycosidases were observed in the same structures as the arylaminopeptidases: β‐N‐acetylglucosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.30), β‐glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.21), β‐galactosidase (EC3.2.1.23). β‐glucuronidase (EC 3.2.1.31), as well as arylsulphatase (EC 3.1.6.1) The whole thickness of oral epithelium revealed β‐galactosidase and arylsulphatase activity, not only the basal cell layer. These observations were‐ thought to give support to the suggestions that differeniation is a stage of highly active metabolism and thus at the stage of apposition the cells of the outer enamel epith

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1974.tb00650.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY