摘要:

A 5 day topical kanamycin treatment of the dental gingival surfaces in institutionalized mentally retarded subjects significantly reduced the plaque mass on the tooth surfaces compared to a placebo treatment. This reduction occurred in the absence of any mechanical hygiene procedures and lasted for 4 or more weeks, which was longer than the kanamycin could have been expected to be present in the mouth. This suggested that the kanamycin had caused an alteration of the plaque flora which should be discernible by quantitative culturing procedures. Plaque was removed and cultured, using an anaerobic serial dilution procedure, before and after kanamycin or placebo treatments. The reduction in plaque weight was associated with reduced levels of streptococci in the plaque. This could be demonstrated by intergroup comparison of the placebo ‐ and kanamycin treated subjects, and by intragroup comparisons of the kanamycin treated subjects prior to treatment and at 4 and 8 weeks after treatment. The streptococci species accounted for 30% of the plaque colony forming units (CFU) prior to kanamycin treatment. At 4 weeks after treatment, the streptococci had decreased to 3% of the CFU and at 8 weeks after treatment, the streptococci had increased slightly to account for 14% of the CFU. The streptococci appeared to beStreptococcus sanguisandStreptococcus mitis. The observations indicate that the topical kanamycin was effective in reducing supragingival plaque because of its ability to decrease the proportions of streptococci in the plaqu

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1977.tb00103.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The ability of humanActinomyces naeslundiistrains to aggregate with dental plaque streptococci was found to be strain specific. A.naeslundiistrains aggregated strongly more often with specific strains ofStreptococcus sanguisandStreptococcus mitisthan withStreptococcus mutansstrains. The effects of proteolytic enzymes and heat on the interbacterial affinities ofA. naeslundii398A andS. sanguisS, two strains which were found to aggregate strongly, were studied. Enzyme or heat treatment of 398 A, but notS. sanguisS, impaired aggregation. Electron microscopic examination of aggregates of untreated bacteria revealed that the attachment between cells of strains 398 A and S was mediated by short tufts of electron‐dense fuzzy components of the cell surfaces. The affinity between cells ofA. naeslundiiand the streptococci which readily colonize cleaned smooth tooth surfaces may account, in part, for the previously‐reported, delayed increase inA. naeslundiiproportions among bacteria forming early plaque depos

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1977.tb00104.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Cell mediated immunity to ultrasonicates of the dental plaque bacteriaBacteroides melaninogenicus, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Veillonella parvula, andActinomyces viscosusand to PPD was studied in edentulous controls and patients with periodontal disease by means of the leukocyte migration test in agarose. In patients with gingivitis, migration inhibition was significant toV. parvulaonly, but correlated with the degree of plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation. In patients with moderate periodontitis the migration inhibition response was further increased and was significant with all four plaque antigens. However, in patients with severe periodontitis or juvenile periodontitis migration inhibition was not significant and was apparently suppressed. The response to PPD was of the same magnitude in controls and all four groups of patients indicating that the observed migration inhibition reactions to the dental plaque bacteria are controlled by specific factors. It is suggested that the depressed leukocyte migration inhibition response in patients with advanced periodontal destruction is due to an exhaustion of immune cells in peripheral blood.

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1977.tb00105.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The monocyte chemotactic activity elaborated by soluble dental plaque material and by various fractions of the plaque material was studiedin vitrowith the modified Boyden chamber technique. Monocytes were harvested from the peritoneal cavity of rabbits after intraperitoneal injection of a 1 % suspension of hydrolysed starch. The plaque material was separated in Sephadex gel columns (G‐25 and G‐20Q). Three fractions differing from each other in molecular size were selected from the protein peaks in the chromatograms.The results showed that dental plaque material contains factors with a chemotactic effect on monocytes. Examination of various fractions of dental plaque material revealed that the major part of the monocyte chemotactic activity resided in a fraction with an appoximate molecular size of 10,000–7

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1977.tb00106.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Gingival biopsies from areas characterized as clinically normal, mild gingivitis, or periodontitis were examined. Immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE and IgD) bearing cells at the sulcular and oral epithelium ‐ lamina propria junctions as well as the central lamina propria areas were quantitated. Normal gingiva (P. I. = 0‐0·2) contained few lymphocytes and plasma cells. Biopsies from areas of mild gingivitis (P. I. = 0·2‐1) were infiltrated at the sulcular epithelium ‐ lamina propria junction by lymphocytes lacking membrane associated immunoglobulins (94 %). Few plasma cells were evident. In contrast, tissue associated with periodontitis (P. I. = 4·0–8·0) contained significant numbers of immunoglobulin bearing lymphocytes (78 %, IgG; 9 %, IgM; and 4 % IgA) and plasma cells (67 %, IgG; 24 %, IgM; and 8 % IgA) distributed throughout all three major tissue areas.These findings indicated that the nature of cellular infiltrates differed in mild gingivitis and periodontitis. The presence of predominantly IgG and IgM containing cells in periodontitis had important implications for the contribution of nonspecific effector mechanisms to the destruction of perio

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1977.tb00107.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Histological characteristics of the normal dog periodontium and of spontaneous periodontitis were studied in a necropsy material of 12 dogs of various breeds and ages. The material was selected on the basis of radiographical findings. The histological features of radiographically normal and diseased periodontium were found to be similar to those in humans. Progressive periodontal disease was characterized by dense subepithelial inflammatory infiltrates consisting predominantly of plasma cells intermingled with lymphocytes, epithelial migration beyond the cemento‐enamel junction and advanced loss of alveolar bone. A striking feature of the periodontal lesion was the narrow vertical extension of the process. Spontaneous periodontitis in dogs was closely related to accumulations of plaque and calculu

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1977.tb00108.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Quantitative methods have been applied to vascular responses following cryosurgery of oral mucosa. The response is delayed and prolonged and the vessels involved are described. Stasis intervenes at a later time.

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1977.tb00109.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The dramatic alveolar bone loss associated with a developmental genetic traumatic occlusion in the ‘crinkled’ mutant (cr/cr) of the house moose is described from osteological and radiographic investigations. Bone loss is severe palatally, buccally and interdentally in the upper molar teeth and lingually in the lowers. This is associated with severe and abnormal tooth wear when compared to normal mice and could also be associated with changes in the temporomandibular joint. Possible uses in periodontal research are sugges

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1977.tb00110.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY