摘要:

Antigen was injected into the gingiva and tested for its ability to induce a flare of a chronic arthritis. Joint inflammation was established by a local injection of 100 μg methylated bovine serum albumin (mBSA) in the right knee joint of immune mice. About 4 wk later, 0·5‐1 mg mBSA was injected into the gingiva. It was found that this antigenic challenge induced a flare of the arthritis as measured with the99mTechnetium (99mmTc) uptake method. Light microscopic examination of the knee joints revealed an increase of inflammatory cells in the synovial tissue and the joint space. The results indicate that, under certain experimental conditions, antigenic material administered to the gingiva can influence an inflammation elsewhere in the b

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1988.tb01018.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Anin vitroco‐culture system composed of bone marrow‐derived mononuclear phagocytes (obtained from endotoxin‐responsive mice) and45Ca‐labeled calvaria (obtained from endotoxin‐hyporesponsive mice) was established in order to examine the direct effect of bacterial endotoxin on bone resorption mediated by mononuclear phagocytes. Co‐cultures treated with endotoxin exhibited a significant increase in bone resorption assessed in terms of the %45Ca released. This increase was observed in the absence of direct contact between the mononuclear phagocyte population and bone, indicating that enhanced resorption occurred as a function of soluble factors secreted by mononuclear phagocytes in response to endotoxin. Co‐cultures which contained devitalized45Ca‐calvaria failed to exhibit an increase in the %45Ca released following endotoxin treatment. Consequently, the soluble factors secreted by endotoxin‐stimulated mononuclear phagocytes appeared to modulate the activity of endogenous bone‐resorbing cells. Two soluble factors with bone‐resorbing activity were distinguished upon subsequent analysis. These results suggest that the interaction between plaque‐associated bacterial endotoxin and mononuclear phagocytes may have important consequences relevant to the resorption of alveolar bone characteristic of chro

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1988.tb01019.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The glycosaminoglycans in human cementum have been studied. Following proteolytic digestion of guanidine/EDTA and collagenase extracts of cementum, glycosaminoglycans were isolated and then separated by cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis. After specific elimination by enzymatic and chemical treatments the glycosaminoglycans were identified as hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate. Neither heparan sulfate nor keratan sulfate were observed. Quantitation of the glycosaminoglycans in both extracts revealed chondroitin sulfate to represent the major species present. Hyaluronic acid was observed predominantly in the guanidine/EDTA extract while dermatan sulfate was a quantitative minor component of both extracts.

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1988.tb01020.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Sheep from a broken‐mouth periodontitis‐affected farm were classified into three groups according to degree of severity of periodontal destruction. Subgingival plaque samples were collected from 10 animals in each group, as well as from 10 sheep from a periodontitis‐free farm, and were plated anaerobically onto a variety of selective and non‐selective media. Results show that several different suspected periodontopathic microorganisms commonly associated with human periodontitis are also present in the plaque of sheep. Black‐pigmentedBacteroideswere associated with the severely‐affected category but there were no significant differences between less severely‐affected groups and healthy animals. This suggests either that sampling may not have coincided with periods of activity in these sheep or that other bacteria may be involved in the initiation of the disease. Type IIFusobacterium nucleatumwas associated with all disease categories when compared to he

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1988.tb01021.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Studies were initiated to investigate the antigenic relationship among oral species ofBacteroides. Antigenic differences among theBacteroideswere assessed with an ELISA using antisera from immunized rabbits and sera obtained from subjects with periodontal disease. Multiple species of Bacteroides were examined, including:B. gingivalis, 2 homology groups ofB. intermedius, B. melaninogenicus, B. denticola, B. loescheii, B. oralis, B. levii, B. gracilis, B. buccae.andB. corporis.Both rabbit and human sera reacted with distinct surface antigenic determinants in each of the species of Bacteroides. Additional relationships were defined, such that the 2 homology groups ofB. intermediusexhibited a similarity of approximately 30–40%, while theB. melaninogenicusandB. loescheiishowed a 20–25% similarity of surface antigens.B. denticolawas antigenically related to theB. intermediusand B. melaninogenicus strains by 10–15%. The remaining cross‐reactivities were generally less than 5% among theBacteroidesspecies. The findings are consistent with specific surface antigenic determinants on the oral Bacteroides spp. and suggest the ability to detect specific responses to these organisms in periodontal disease p

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1988.tb01022.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Addition of human interleukin‐1 (IL‐1) to normal human gingival fibroblasts in culture stimulated the production of plasminogen activator (PA). This stimulation could be detected as early as 3 hours after addition of IL‐1, was dosedependent and inhibited by antibody directed against IL‐1. Additional observations suggest that IL‐1 increases PA production. These include: (1) an increase in both intra‐ and extracellular PA activity, (2) the dependence of increased PA activity on RNA and protein synthesis and (3) an increase in immunologically detectable PA molecules by immunoperoxidase staining. Since IL‐1 has been reported to be present in human gingival fluid and PA activity has been associated with connective tissue matrix alterations, the results presented here may provide some insight as to how immune events are linked to soft tissue destruction associated with

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1988.tb01023.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Four different paper types were evaluatedin vitrofor their suitability for the collection of gingival crevicular fluid and its subsequent quantification using both the Periotron® 6000 and measurement of the area of paper wetted. Whatman 3MM chromatography paper (Wh.3MM) was found to be the most suitable and strip dimensions of 2x8 mm were found to be the most absorbent whilst remaining compatible with the dimensions of the Periotron electrodes. The 2×8 mm Wh.3MM paper strips were used to derive a quadratic calibration curve, for a range of fluid volumes, which was shown to be a better fit than a straight line. Recovery of human serum proteins applied to these strips exceeded 90% even after compression of the strip between the electrodes of the Periotron during fluid volume measuremen

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1988.tb01024.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effect of T cells on T‐independent polyclonal B cell activation (PBA) was studied in vitro in mice. Helper/inducer T cells were activated by interaction with la antigens expressed on B cells. The activated T cells enhanced IgG synthesis in the PBA reaction. la antigen expression on B cells increased when stimulated by polyclonal B cell activators. An autoreactive T cell line was established by longterm culture of spleen cells with polyclonal B cell activators. The culture supernatant from this autoreactive T cell line enhanced IgG synthesis in PBA. The above results suggest that autoreactive T cells were activated by la expressed on B cells stimulated with polyclonal B cell activators, and then prompted B cells to synthesize IgG. Therefore, autoreactive T cells may play an important role in the establishment of the IgG plasma cell‐rich periodontal les

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1988.tb01025.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Do collagen fibrils of the periodontal ligament shrink with age? Certainly not! Based on the quantitative estimation of over 25000 periodontal ligament collagen fibrils at 3 periodontal levels of 28 freshly extracted human teeth, using 10‐ to 75year‐old subjects and high resolution electron micrographs evaluated planimetrically, the present study demonstrates with data obtained from 2 sampling procedures that the diameter of the average collagen fibril, i.e., 54 to 59 nm, is rather constant throughout the human life span. This is particularly true for the vast majority of comparatively large fibrils (i.e., 57 to 64 nm), while a numerically limited population of small fibrils (i.e., 40 to 48 nm) in fact increased in diameter with age. These results are discussed in view of analogous data for other connective tissues and of the functional and metabolic status of such tiss

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1988.tb01026.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The cemento‐enamel junction (CEJ) of human teeth has been studied very infrequently and on the basis of ground sections only. A total of 30 human teeth (incisors, premolars, molars) was prepared for examination with the scanning electron microscope (SEM). A selection of freshly erupted first premolars (n=8) and third molars (n=8) served for a quantitative determination of the entire, as well as the site‐specific (buccal, distal, oral and mesial aspects), length of the CEJ and of the respective extension of the 3 hard tissue relationships along the CEJ. In addition, 4 third molars were used to examine the CEJ in ground sections, using both the light‐ and the scanning electron microscope. In first premolars, most of the CEJ revealed edge‐to‐edge contact of cementum and enamel, while in 17 (maxillary premolars) to 31% (mandibular premolars) of the CEJ cementum overlapped the enamel. In third molars, cementum overlap occurred in about 50% of the CEJ, the rest showing either edge‐to‐edge contact of cementum and enamel or exposed dentine. In molars, the type and extension of these relationships changed from buccal‐to‐distal to oral‐to‐mesial aspects. Because of an unpredictable variation in these relationships over short distances, examination of ground sections may fail to correctly ident

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1988.tb01027.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY