摘要:

AbstractSeveral groups of antagonists of platelet‐activating factor (PAF) are reviewed. The characteristics of PAF binding sites on mammalian cell membranes are described together with the activities of non‐specific and synthetic PAF‐antagonists. The specificity of the ginkgolides to bind to PAF‐receptors is discussed and the effects of these natural products in a range of biological systems is emphasized. Other groups of natural PAF‐antagonists described are the lignans and gliotoxin related compounds. The structural chemistry, structure‐activity relationships and pharmacological properties of these drugs are compared to the

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650020102

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA simple test is described in which the inhibition of uptake of [G‐3H]thymidine into guinea‐pig ear keratinocytesin vitro, has been used as an assessment for cytotoxicity of a series of alkaloids. The alkaloids tested include emetine, colchicine, coronaridine, ajmaline, aricine, vincristine, leurosine, quinamine, 3‐epiquinamine, quinine, quinidinone, cichonidine, berberine and atr

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650020103

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractKhaya grandifoliolastem bark extract was tested for antimalarial action againstPlasmodium berghei bergheiin mice. The schizontocidal activity of the extract was assessed on early and established infections using chloroquine as a standard drug. The repository activity was also investigated and pyrimethamine was used as the standard. In the early infection test (like the chloroquine group),K. grandifoliolaextract was effective in suppressing the malaria infection. However, on the established infection, the extract failed to effectively suppress the infection. The extract also demonstrated residual activity.

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650020104

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPicrasma javanicaBl., a medicinal plant used for the treatment of malaria in traditional medicine was evaluated for antimalarial activity. Primary screening demonstrated that the chloroform extract of the bark possessed the highest yield of antimalarial activity. Chemical isolation and purification of the active alkaloidal part yielded three different pure alkaloid components. Among these, one component was identified as the known major bark alkaloid, 4‐methoxy‐1‐vinyl‐β‐carboline, and a second new alkaloid, 6‐hydroxy‐4‐methoxy‐1‐vinyl‐β‐carboline. Complete characterization of the remaining alkaloid was not possible due to its inferior yield. The two identified alkaloids showedin vitroantimalarial activity against multi‐drug resistant Thai isola

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650020105

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe pharmacological activity of several extracts together with the lyophilized infusion ofS. chamaecyparissusssp.squarrosawere investigated. The lethal dose 50% (LD50), effect on animal metabolism, mechanical and thermic analgesia and spontaneous, anti‐inflammatory, and anti‐ulcer activity have been determined. Studies on isolated organs (rat duodenum and rat uterus) were also carried out. The hexanic and chloroformic extracts were potent antagonists of the thermic analgesia test; the former extract was also active in the mechanical analgesia test. The chloroformic extract and, to a lesser extent, the ethyl acetate extract and lyophilized infusion demonstrated noteworthy activity as anti‐inflammatory agents. No extract produced an ulcerogenic effect. The hexanic extract had the highest inhibitory effect on ACh induced contraction of rat duodenum and the ethyl acetate extract of oxytocin induced contraction of rat u

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650020106

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHymenocardia acidaTUL, a shrub belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae, has been investigated for anti‐inflammatory activity in the rat and mouse. Various parts of the plant are claimed by practitioners of herbal medicine in some West African countries to be effective remedies for inflammation of tissues. Two experimental models of inflammation were used in the study. In rat adjuvant arthritis, the orally administered aqueous extract of the stem bark ofH. acida(10–20 mg/kg) inhibited both the acute and chronic phases of the reaction in a dose‐related manner, producing inhibition of the magnitude of 37.4–70.2%. Similarly, in the anaphylactic mouse pinnal inflammation model, the orally administered extract (10–40 mg/kg) inhibited the reaction to a magnitude of 6.5–68.2%. In both models, indomethacin, a cyclo‐oxygenase inhibitor, also exhibited inhibitory effects and in the mouse pinnal model the glucocortico‐steroid, hydrocortisone, also produced inhibition. The extract ofH. acidaused in this study was coloured brown and, on that basis, could contain plant phenolics.H. acidamay belong to a class of plant drugs which produce inhibition of phospholipid–arachidonic acid metabolism due to their phen

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650020107

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effects of three dosage levels (250 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg, 800 mg/kg per os) ofCroton penduliflorusseed oil were studied in mice. The mice were dosed with the oil suspension in 5% Tween 20 through oral intubation. Five mice from each dosage group were slaughtered at 3 h, 9 h and 24 h post‐treatment with the oil. Various segments of the gastro‐intestinal tract and visceral organs including the liver, lung, kidney, spleen, testis, adrenal glands and heart were examined grossly and tissue sections were collected for histopathological examination. Croton oil initiated hypersecretions in all segments of the gastro‐intestinal tract. It also produced oedema in the stomach and mild inflammatory reactions in the jejunum, ileum and colon. The liver, lung and myocardium were the most affected of the visceral organs when mice were dosed with high levels (600 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg) of croto

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650020108

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMusizin, physcon, emodin and frangulin‐A have been isolated from the whole plant ofRhamnus procumbensand their structures established by a detailed study of spectral data and also by degradation methods. Pharmacological investigations on emodin have indicated that it possesses intestinal and cardiac stimulant, CNS depressant and analgesic activities. Such activities have not earlier been reported for emodin. This is also the first report of the isolation of these chemical constituents inRhamnus procumbensfand the second natural occurrence of musizi

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650020109

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650020110

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650020112

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY