ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1981.tb02307.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryA questionnaire was distributed to staff who teach medical students at some stage in their 5‐year course. Their views were sought on various aspects of medical education, including staff‐student relationships and student problems. Differences between clinical and pre‐clinical teachers were identified and their implications discussed. The views of the clinical teachers, when different from those of their pre‐clinical colleagues, were frequently consistent with those of medical s

ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1981.tb02308.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryMathematical literacy is defined as the ability to read and interpret information of a mathematical nature. Based on the empirically determined needs of medical students in this area, a set of instructional materials (tests, text, and technical manual) were produced and successfully used. These results are described here as are considerations bearing on the generalizability of the described approach.

ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1981.tb02309.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryThis paper describes a strategy for helping students to learn about laboratory and radiological investigations in diagnosis and management, and to make decisions about the use of investigations, taking into account such features as safety, patient comfort and cost. Learning takes place through the use of a programmed text, in which students commit decisions to paper, and then receive feedback on the results of their decisions. Acceptability to students and teaching staff has been evaluated, and future developments of the strategy are outlined.

ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1981.tb02310.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryThis paper describes a study in which students were faced with a series of problems presented as patient management problems and as simulated patients (individuals trained to accurately portray a clinical problem). The subjects were sixty‐five final‐year medical students in a clinical clerkship in family medicine. Four clinical problems were used—each was developed in the PMP and simulated patient format. Each student completed one PMP and one simulated patient encounter (SPE) during the 2nd week of the 8‐week clerkship, and a second PMP and SPE in the 7th week of the clerkship. Performance on the two formats was compared by determining the number of options, and the number of critical options (weighted +1 or +2 by a criterion panel) elicited in each section of the problem—history, physical examination, investigations and management. Students were found to elicit significantly more options in the PMP in all sections of the problem, an increase of from 20 to 150%. This difference due to format was of similar magnitude to the difference between problems and the proportion of observed variance in response due to the differences between formats and cases was consistently greater than the variance due to systematic differences between students. The findings of this study are consistent with previous studies comparing performance on PMPs to oral examinations and medical records, and raise some concern about the use of PMPs as a measure of competence in certification and licensure

ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1981.tb02311.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryOver the past decade, there has been a substantial increase in papers concerned with training medical students in communication skills. In this paper, we consider what constitutes an adequate methodology for such research and whether recent papers meet this standard.

ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1981.tb02312.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryAspects of a teaching development intended to encourage patient‐centredness in medical interviewing is discussed. Patients are asked by their local general practitioner to volunteer their time in order to be interviewed by medical students and then to stay on afterwards to discuss their impressions of the students' behaviour. It is argued that this approach to teaching interviewing skills enables students to examine the assumptions they make about the patient and to become aware of their difficulties in discussing sensitive issue

ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1981.tb02313.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryIn 1978, the second‐year pre‐clinical Behavioural Sciences course at Monash University Medical School was restructured to improve monitoring of, and feedback on, the development of interpersonal relationships between individual students and individual old age pensioners they were studying. Results indicate that integration of lecture, discussion, and practical experience with a carefully defined, multistage project appears to help students in learning about interpersonal relationships, and helps staff to evaluate both student performance and teach

ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1981.tb02314.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryIn a previous study we described a problem‐based criterion‐referenced test of the clinical competence of medical students which was felt to offer advantages over the traditional final‐year examination. This paper reports the validity and reliability studies on which it is possible to judge the value of this new test when compared to the traditional approach.The results demonstrate a high level of content validity and provide evidence of the construct validity of the test. Efforts to obtain measures of concurrent and predictive validity were thwarted by a failure to attain reliable assessments of ward performance from resident and consultant staff. Satisfactory levels of internal consistency were established for the whole test. Marker reliability was satisfactory in all sections of the test except for those requiring examiners to rate practical clinical skills. This was so despite the use of simulated patients, behavioural check‐lists and rater training. Possible solutions to this problem are discussed.It is concluded that this new approach overcomes many of the measurement problems inherent in the traditional final examination. It has been shown to be feasible to construct and administer in the medical school setting without the need for the allocation of additional re

ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1981.tb02315.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryThere is a difference in the productivity of women doctors in Great Britain and the United States. Postulated reasons for this difference are discussed as well as the implications for medical education and meeting health manpower needs.

ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1981.tb02316.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID