ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1982.tb01209.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryThis paper describes the analysis of the written professional examinations administered at the Medical School, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), during the academic year 1979–80. It is a product of a collaborative activity involving medical teachers and two short‐term consultants of the World Health Organization.The examination papers were analysed in order to identify content areas disproportionately emphasized in the examinations; to determine the quality and appropriateness of the examination items used; and to review the extent of continuity and integration across departments and courses.This paper is intended to introduce an approach to curriculum review which is based on analysis of the examination system. The procedures and sample outcomes are described and the implications for curriculum development and evaluation are discus

ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1982.tb01210.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryA 24‐hour course in first aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) has been developed for the first‐year medical students at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine. The objective of the course was to train students to handle common emergencies out of a hospital setting and with no special equipment. It was expected that students would become competent to perform CPR at a level equal to or better than that required by the American Red Cross (ARC) for certification. In the past three years approximately 99% of each first‐year class has been certified. The majority of the course is taught by medical students who are certified ARC Instructors in Advanced First Aid and Emergency Care an

ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1982.tb01211.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryThe development and utilization of multiple‐choice test items and the utilization of computer technology have significantly altered evaluation practices in medical schools. This paper describes the development and implementation of a computer‐based multiple‐choice test item‐bank for use in a junior medicine clerkship. The computer program, ITEMBANK, is an interactive system that stores and edits test items and constructs and prints an original copy of each test. Tests can be produced almost immediately by the clerical staff and the total developmental costs have been minimal. The program has reduced the amount of teaching time required to develop tests, and has enhanced the learning of essential information by medical students and residents. Teaching staff and student response has been enthusiastic and positive. Statistically significant Pearson correlation coefficients have been obtained between student performance on these tests and clinical evaluation and NBME Part II scores. The program has made a valuable contribution to the improvement of evaluation procedures in the Internal Medicine cl

ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1982.tb01212.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryAn interview training model was tested and students' performances compared with patients' preferences and ratings of the students. The model was found to have some effect in improving performance. Students who were rated high in their interviewing skills tended to be rated highly by patients.

ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1982.tb01213.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryThe diagnostic thinking process is often described as one of hypothesis generation and testing. Yet descriptions of the clinical problem solver's thinking prior to generation of the first diagnostic hypothesis are lacking. This paper reports a study of this phase in students, house officers and registrars. Theories of pattern recognition are seriously questioned. It is shown that these subjects make immediate active interpretative or evaluative responses to initial items of clinical information elicited. These responses cannot be described as ‘diagnostic hypotheses’, but are important working interpretations. Implications for teaching are discus

ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1982.tb01214.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryA series of interactive computer programs has been developed to present medical students with the diagnostic and therapeutic problems of medical emergencies. The responses of the students modify the progress and outcome of the situation.

ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1982.tb01215.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryThe development and validation of a thirty item, Likert‐type scale designed to measure medical students' attitudes to psychiatry—the ATP‐30 (Attitudes Toward Psychiatry—30 items)—are described. We had hoped to demonstrate that ‘attitude to psychiatry’ was not a unitary matter but an amalgam of attitudes to a number of things to do with psychiatric practice. This hope was not fulfilled, as a unitary dimension was obtained. A positive change in the attitudes of students toward psychiatry was demonstrated in third and fourth medical year students in relation to exposure to psychiatry. Such a change was not demonstrable in two classes of occupational therapy students exposed to a course in psychiatry. The reasons for this difference between medical students and occupational therapy students are discussed—there possibly being important implications here for psychiatric curriculum planning in medical school. Lastly, we have demonstrated that the positive change in attitudes amongst medical students was transient rather than lasting—a matter which most studies of attitude change do not address. In spite of the apparent impermanence of the positive change in attitudes among medical students, there are a number of possible uses to a scale such as the ATP‐30, and

ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1982.tb01216.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryMedical students' interest in and attitudes toward psychiatry, both as a field of education and as a medical specialty, have been explored by a number of investigators. The present study compares two series of investigations completed at the McGill University teaching hospitals over a ten year span and involving third year medical students in 1968–69 (n=59) and in 1978–79 (n=168). The findings of these two studies are evaluated in two parts: (1) comparison of attitudes toward psychiatry before and after clinical training in 1978–79. (2) comparison of the results obtained in 1969 with those in 1979.The results of the comparison showed that students currently put more emphasis on the clinical aspects of psychiatric training and less on the theoretical and research aspects of psychiatry. Thirty‐two percent of students in 1979 found psychotherapy to be the most useful treatment modality as compared with only 10 percent in 1969. Findings reflecting the usefulness of organic therapies in psychiatry remained fairly consistent, but behaviour therapy was found to be less useful by students in 1979 than in 1969. In the 1969 survey, 2 per cent of the third year students indicated an interest in psychiatry as a future career as compared with 3.3 per cent in 1979. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to the psychiatric training programmes in medical

ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1982.tb01217.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryAn attempt was made in this study to develop a composite profile of personality characteristics of medical students that correlated differentially with successful achievement outcomes in the Psychiatry Clerkship at a University of Toronto teaching hospital. Data on 27 of 33 final year medical students in a psychiatry rotation programme were used to analyse canonical correlations between personality and achievement variables. The findings of the study indicated that success in clinical examinations was significantly correlated (R= 0.64,P<0.001) with a personality defined as apprehensive, anxious and less neurotic. Success on oral examinations was significantly correlated (R= 0.37,P<0.01) with a personality defined as anxious, more neurotic and extroverted. Success in objective multiple choice tests was not significantly correlated (R= 0.21,P<= 0.10) with any particular personality profile, but the direction of the correlations suggested a personality describable as less intelligent (concrete thinking), apprehensive, adjusted and introverted. Although the small sample makes conclusions tentative, the findings are that students' personality differentially affect their examination results.

ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1982.tb01218.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID