ISSN:0263-0257    

DOI:10.1080/02630258908970536

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

After examining and*classifying designers” information needs andiooking at one-or two of the problems that have arisen in some areas of designing, this paper discusses some of the ways in which the current situation might be improved. A broad description is given of possible computer-based tools for dealing with the information needs of designers. Two tools in particular are introduced: Index-f, a free-text database system which has been found useful in the domain; and Apprentice, a rule-based test-bed system. Finally, the paper reviews some of the lessons derived from the use of rule-based systems in the designers’ information environment. A comprehensive list of references is included.

ISSN:0263-0257    

DOI:10.1080/02630258908970537

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Engineering is concerned with much more than calculation and numeric analysis. It is concerned with ideas, concepts, judgement and deploying experience which cannot be represented numerically. All of these appear to be outside the realm of traditional engineering computing. Engineers make use of knowledge about objects, events and processes and make declarative statements about them which are often written down symbolically. These limitations of traditional computing in civil engineering can be overcome by expert systems. In this paper we present a number of expert systems dealing with analysis, design and knowledge acquisition in the field of civil engineering.

ISSN:0263-0257    

DOI:10.1080/02630258908970538

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The aim of BRANZ Al research has been to investigate the potential of knowledge-based systems (KBS) for building codes as part of an integrated information resource for the building industry. At present, the Association's Artificial Intelligence (AI) environment is a VAX/VMS based local area network with Prolog and Class. The class knowledge engineering language has been developed by the by the KBS Research Unit at Auckland University. This cooperation with Auckland University has been a key feature of the KBS development, as has the involvement of BRANZ computing, scientific and field staff. The paper will discuss research aspects of the development of a number of KBS, including: FIRECODE, DAMP, SEALANT, ADHESIVE, WALLBRACE, SEISMIC, and SUBFLOORBRACE. Afield trial of KBS is to be undertaken on the Association's computerized information service (BRANZLINE), available to the building industry via a nation-wide packet-switching network. The KBS included in the trial, WALLBRACE and SUBFLOORBRACE, will allow building inspectors to check the wall and subfloor bracing in house designs. Future uses of Information Technology by the building industry will include both computerized building controls and intelligent Computer Aided Design (CAD) systems for all stages of design, planning and construction. KBS research issues in respect of these developments are discussed.

ISSN:0263-0257    

DOI:10.1080/02630258908970539

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper describes the development of Seismic, a system to assist structural designers to check their evolving designs against the seismic loading requirements of the Draft New Zealand Standard for structural design and design loadings, DZ4203:1986. The paper focusses on a description of methodologies found useful in the course of developing the system; in particular, techniques for initial project assessment, knowledge acquisition, and knowledge representation.

ISSN:0263-0257    

DOI:10.1080/02630258908970540

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The Australian Standard, Minimum Design Loads on Structures: Part 2-Wind Loads (AS 1170.2) has been extensively revised, and many comments made during the public revision have been incorporated. The text has also been represented in a rule-based form using expert systems techniques, providing further input to the SAA Committee work by checking for logical inconsistencies and, in addition, using graphical input to enhance use of the Code and to avoid input errors. The paper will show how AS 11 70.2 (hereafter called the Wind Code) has been transferred into knowledge-based form, pointing out some of the problems that have been encountered and are likely to occur during any similar process:A Code text written for manual use will, in general, not be as well organized, complete and logically consistent as a computer software version requires to avoid failure.The computer version of the document must be understood by the experts to make validation of the knowledge base possible.Only very expensive commercial expert system shells give sufficient support for table handling and advanced mathematics. This has now been overcome by the development of C functions in the CSIRO BX-shell and subsequently ported into the CRYSTAL shell.Explanation facilities in the form of pictures, text and line of reasoning have to please both experts and end users.A ‘fast track’ for experienced users has to be provided to avoid wasting time with unnecessary questions.

ISSN:0263-0257    

DOI:10.1080/02630258908970541

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper presents a review of the development of an expert system designed to assist in the teaching of statics. The system is intended to emulate manual solution methods for a range of problems typically used in introductory courses in structural mechanics. It provides the functionality of an expert tutor by offering advice as the student-users work their way through the problem as well as validating methods and results. FORCE-SOLVER has been developed for use on IBM-compatible micro-computers and demonstrates some of the necessary features required to make such an expert system easily used. The paper describes the various elements of the program, including the necessary problem-solving strategies.intended to capture the ‘expert’ knowledge necessary to determine efficient solution strategies.

ISSN:0263-0257    

DOI:10.1080/02630258908970542

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The approach is outlined for the development of an expert system for the -preliminary -design-of-bridges-(-RCAB£). using.lhe exp.ert system "shell, EXSYS, running under MS-DOS on an IBM-PC. After some consideration of the preliminary design process and the relevant design rules, the strategy for the development of the expert system is discussed. This was based on a series of knowledge sources integrated through a master knowledge source, with an exchange of data through a common data base. This approach, which fully uses the features of EXSYS, was found to be most satisfactory since each knowledge source could be tested and developed independently.

ISSN:0263-0257    

DOI:10.1080/02630258908970543

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper describes recent experience with the development and performance of OVERDRIVE 1.2. a central component of PARADIGM (the Pavement Rehabilitation Analysis and Design Mentor). PARADIGM is a microcomputer-based tool to integrate a set of knowledge-based expert systems (KBES) and algorithmic models for pavement rehabilitation decision-making, particularly at the local level. Because the analysis and design of pavement rehabilitation strategies relies so heavily on experts, and many of the tasks involved are both complex and ill-defined, conventional computer tools are of limited use in this domain. A basic premise of this research is that KBES can play a significant role in addressing these problems. OVERDRIVE is the Overlay Design Heuristic Adviser, and is a research prototype KBES to assist local engineers evaluate the structural adequacy of existing flexible pavement and design the structural thickness of an asphalt concrete overlay. In this paper the general domain, the domain tasks addressed by the current version of OVERDRIVE, knowledge acquisition, knowledge representation and inference, and hardware and software are described. A case-study application is presented using actual data. This application permits an initial assessment to be made of the comparative performance of OVERDRIVE versus alternative overlay design methods.

ISSN:0263-0257    

DOI:10.1080/02630258908970544

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The Road Traffic Authority of Victoria is developing Expert Systems which will assist with the administration and development of its Traffic Management Services Program. These systems will enable project initiators outside the Authority to assess the likelihood of their projects gaining support and funding from the Authority. This paper describes the area of application, the process of selecting an appropriate Expert System shell, the methods used to extract expert knowledge, the problems experienced, and the initial results of this work. Progress to date is very encouraging and the application of Expert Systems is expected to spread into other areas of the Authority's work.

ISSN:0263-0257    

DOI:10.1080/02630258908970545

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor