摘要:

AbstractThe Medieval English state had been studied by historians largely on its own terms and from its own records, enriched by an occasional reference to continental comparisons and contrasts. This will no doubt remain the primary approach; but it can be usefully supplemented by also looking at the English state through its impact on other ‘Celtic’ countries in the rest of Britain and Ireland which it brought, either permanently or temporarily, within the ambit of its power. English rule in Wales, Ireland and, briefly, Scotland can thereby serve as a mirror in which one may see refracted some of the essential qualities andmentalitésof the English state itself—notably its increasingly self‐consiously English character in terms of its own identity and institutions and the growing assumption that there should be a good measure of governmental uniformity and bureaucratic answerability in the lands which it had annexed. English rule in the ‘Celtic’ countries also brings into sharp focus how dependent the medieval English state was for its operation on an effective relationship between state and society; the failure to replicate that relationship substantially in Wales and Ireland showed that there was more to successful political integration than military might and governmenta

ISSN:0952-1909    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-6443.1993.tb00037.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInfanticide, as a historical issue, has been embedded in analytical contexts that marginalize the phenomenon in ways that resonate with the ‘original’ marginalizations at the moment of historical occurrence. By building on the 'social reproduction’ model of demographic behaviour ‐ following Viazzo and others ‐ and by examining archival evidence from household inventories, court files and gynaecological hospital records to focus on a particularly revealing Austrian infanticide case, we can argue that householders in post‐1750 Austria, losing control over inheritance to an interventionist state, resorted to extreme measures, including infanticide, to balance their 'social reproduction’ accounts and protect their patrimonies. In the process there emerged both private and public languages that suppressed a conscious awareness of these dire but ‘

ISSN:0952-1909    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-6443.1993.tb00038.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIt is argued that a consideration of the relationship between ‘discipline’(discourses and practices of normalisation) and ‘law’(discourses of abstract, universal rights and duties and their application in concrete situations) is necessary to an understanding of nineteenth century state formation. A discussion of this relationship in relation to the public health movement concludes that it is a fundamentally ambiguous one: their articulation is productive of interventionist programmes but it also introduces irreducible and irresolvable tensions. This understanding of the relationship is then used to consider the Contagious Diseases Acts (1864, 1866 and 1869), showing how it shaped the construction of an arena for intervention, the Acts’ apparatus, and the conflicts to which the Acts wer

ISSN:0952-1909    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-6443.1993.tb00039.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBetween 1892 and 1947, American institutional superintendents argued three distinct, though overlapping, cases for sterilizing mentally retarded people: sterilization to maintain institutional order, sterilization for eugenic control, and sterilization for controlling the growth of institutional populations. Departing from recent critics who see sterilization as a debate between 'segregation or sterilization’ and who link this debate principally to the eugenics movement, I argue that superintendents drew on the above rationales to preserve their institutions in the face of several external factors, not merely eugenics. As such, sterilization became a ‘medical’ procedure constructed not so much for its explicit purpose ‐ stopping procreation, but to maintain institutional stability and preserve professional prer

ISSN:0952-1909    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-6443.1993.tb00040.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTo legitimate their privileged, rentier position, and to trumpet Argentine progress, the rulers of Buenos Aires lavished much of their extraordinary wealth on a cosmopolitan style of consumption designed to imitate, if not outdo, the elites of Paris and London. But, the local relations of production and politics lagged behind this ruling class’ advanced status as consumers. Hence the unresolved tension in its desire to create a modern, cosmopolitan city out of western European commodities and styles, and the aristocratic, conservative, even provincial meaning it gave that imported modernity.It is the hard fate of new aristocracies that the element of error, with them, has to be contemporary—not relegated to the dimness of the past, but receiving the full modern glare, a light fatal to the fond theory that the best society, everywhere, has grown, in all sorts of ways, in spite of itself. Henry JamesThe American S

ISSN:0952-1909    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-6443.1993.tb00041.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0952-1909    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-6443.1993.tb00042.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY