ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Three middle distance runners (three men) and 12 rowers (four women and eight men), involved in high performance sport at national and international levels, undertook performance, physiological, biochemical, and haematological test batteries specific to their respective sports at six weekly intervals throughout a 6-month training period leading up to the major events on their annual calenders. Thirteen of the 15 athletes involved in this study experienced performance improvements over the course of the training season. These improvements were associated with increased blood bicarbonate concentrations in the men rowers and runners as well as increased maximal oxygen consumption, decreased skinfold thicknesses, and decreased body mass in the runners. Three subjects appeared to become overtrained as indicated by their performance times. However, few of the biological parameters previously associated with overtraining became altered from baseline levels. The data presented is of clinical relevance; it indicates that overtraining may be experienced by an athlete without its presence being reflected by the biological parameters measured in this study. In addition, it is necessary to consider the training programme structure and previous training when attempting to diagnose an overtrained condition.

ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study examined the effects of inhalation of salbutamol and a placebo on anaerobic power and strength performance in nonasthmatic athletes. The treatments were randomly assigned in a double-blind manner. Seventeen male participants in power events, ages 17–31 years, with no history of asthma were subjects in the study. The variables measured were a 10-s all-out sprint on a front-access bicycle ergometer to indicate alactic ability, with the work recorded in J/kg and peak power in W/kg, and peak torques during leg flexion and leg extension on a Biodex isokinetic dynamometer at 120, 180, and 240° per second. In addition, lung function tests were performed premedication, postmedication/preexercise, 5 min after cycling, and 5 min after testing of peak torques. The results indicated that there were no significant differences after treatment with salbutamol and placebo for any of the power or strength tests. All lung function scores, except peak expiratory flow rate, improved after inhalation of salbutamol. We concluded that there were no ergogenic benefits attributable to salbutamol for those participating in power events. Salbutamol should remain a legitimate drug for the treatment of power athletes with asthma participating in international sporting events.

ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Ankle taping frequently is used for both the prevention and treatment of ankle sprains. The best taping method for either purpose has not been determined. A biomechanical analysis of the relative effectiveness of different taping methods and skin preparation techniques was performed. Nine male subjects, ages 21–32 years, were tested with five frequently used taping methods and three skin preparations before and after a 15-min exercise session. The ankle-taping methods were compared in their ability to restrict inversion. The best taping method was the Hinton-Boswell, which provided the greatest inhibition to inversion with minimal restriction of plantar and dorsiflexion of the ankle. Tincture of benzoin increased the effectiveness of the taping compared with prewrap or direct tape-to-skin. Approximately 50% of the supporting strength was lost in all taping methods after exercise. This biomechanical analysis suggests that the effectiveness of ankle taping depends to a great extent on how the tape is applied. The data suggest that factors other than the mechanical support of taping may explain the effectiveness of ankle taping preventing ankle sprains.

ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The objective of this study was to investigate spin echo T2 relaxation time changes in thigh muscles after intense eccentric exercise in healthy men. Spin echo and calculated T2 relaxation time images of the thighs were obtained on several occasions after exercise of one limb; the contralateral limb served as control. Muscle damage was verified by elevated levels of serum creatine kinase (CK). Thirty percent of the time no exercise effect was discernible on the magnetic resonance (MR) images. In all positive MR images (70%) the semitendinosus muscle was positive, while the biceps femoris, short head, and gracilis muscles were also positive in 50% and 25% of the total cases, respectively. The peak T2 relaxation time and serum CK were correlated (r= 0.94, p < 0.01); temporal changes in muscle T2 relaxation time and serum CK were similar, although T2 relaxation time remained positive after serum CK returned to background levels. We conclude that magnetic resonance imaging can serve as a useful tool in the evaluation of eccentric exercise muscle damage by providing a quantitative indicator of damage and its resolution as well as the specific areas and muscles.

ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

We reviewed the experience of a major college football team that had used a different type of prophylactic knee brace. Instead of the traditional single lateral upright, a double upright (medial and lateral) hinged orthosis with thigh and calf cuffs was used for the football seasons from 1982 to 1987. The effect of brace use was evaluated with respect to severity of injury as reflected by time loss and extent of instability. There was a statistically significant decrease in knee injuries (44–26%) in the group with the brace and a decrease in severity of injury (time loss). This same trend was also noted with respect to instability grading.

ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Acute trauma and repetitive microtrauma connected with certain sports and athletic activities are often mentioned when describing the etiology of nerve entrapment syndromes. According to the literature it is obvious that nerve entrapment syndromes in athletes are not as rare as they were once considered to be. To support this contention, we present currently available information about nerve entrapment syndromes in athletes. For each syndrome, we describe possible causes of compression, clinical symptoms and signs, and the most effective treatment. In conclusion we stress that nerve entrapment syndromes must be considered in the differential diagnosis of pain in athletes.

ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A world class 400 m hurdler with chronic compartment syndrome in the quadriceps muscle is described. Diagnosis was based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination. An early MRI examination is recommended in athletes with ambiguous thigh pain.

ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Acute compartment syndrome of the leg has been well documented by numerous authors. To our knowledge, isolated peroneal compartment syndrome has been described in only eight previous cases, all associated with trauma. This case report consists of an isolated peroneal compartment syndrome not associated with any significant trauma. Although the clinical diagnosis was clear and emergency treatment was instituted, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was correlated with the clinical and pathological findings. The relevance of this report is that MRI may be useful as a noninvasive tool in exertional muscle disorders in which the clinical diagnosis may not be as clear as it was in this report.

ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID