摘要:

Cellular fatty acids of the sixNocardia asteroidesstrains grown on glucose, glucose and amino acids, glycerol, and Dubos oleic albumin complex were determined by gas–liquid chromatography. Cells grown on each medium contained saturated, unsaturated, and branched-chain fatty acids. The fatty acids consisted of normal saturated C13, C14, C15, C16, C17, and C18; monoenoic C16and C18; branched-chain C14, C15, and 10-methyl C18. Composition of the media affected cellular fatty acid content ofN.asteroidesstrains qualitatively and quantitatively. Five of the six strains closely resembled each other, but one strain appeared to be different. The fatty acid pattern ofNocardiamay be a useful criterion in differentiation of this genus from the closely relatedMycobacteriumandStreptomyces, which have a different fatty acid composition.

ISSN:0008-4166    

DOI:10.1139/m70-039

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1970

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

In this study the surface structure of the plasmalemma, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the vacuolar membrane of the yeastWickerhamia fluorescenswas examined by freeze-etching. The outer surface of theplasmalemmais covered with densely packed globular units, 100 Å in diameter, which, in some places, are arranged in a hexagonal pattern with the centers of the particles spaced 150 Å apart. The highest number of particles per unit membrane area can be observed in cells approaching the end of the logarithmic growth phase.To theoutersurface of theendoplasmic reticulum(ER) are attached 50 Å units and, in cells approaching the stationary growth phase, about 10% of these particles are arranged in long double rows resembling membrane-bound chains of polyribosomes. Fewer, but larger, particles of the same order of size as those on the plasma membrane are randomly distributed over theinnersurface of membranes of the ER.The outer surface of the membrane surrounding the vacuole bears the same size of particles (50 Å) as the outer surfaces of the ER, confirming the theory according to which vacuoles may be regarded as differentiations of the ER.

ISSN:0008-4166    

DOI:10.1139/m70-040

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1970

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

A conical glass V-fermenter for plant cell suspension cultures is described. This V-fermenter has proved useful for the production of biomass and metabolic products. It also is ideally suited for the preparation and maintenance of actively growing cultures to be used as inocula for shake flasks and fermenters. An outline of the procedure for isolating and "conditioning" plant cell suspension cultures is presented.

ISSN:0008-4166    

DOI:10.1139/m70-041

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1970

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

The minimal biotin requirement for both maximum growth and normal morphological development ofArthrobacter globiformis425 was found to be about 0.3 ng/ml medium. Morphological changes associated with biotin nutrition were investigated by light and electron microscopy. The aberrant form induced by biotin deficiency consisted of several membrane-bound bodies embedded in a thick matrix which appeared distinct from the wall of the normal organism. Both cell types resisted lysis by tonicity changes but the aberrant form showed greater resistance than the normal cell to destruction by sonication.

ISSN:0008-4166    

DOI:10.1139/m70-042

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1970

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

The influence of temperature, culture medium, and age of colony on the morphology of conidia ofVerticillium albo-atrum,V.dahliae, andV.nigrescenswas determined. Staining solutions were used to follow the development of lipids, cytoplasm, and vacuole in conidia. The spore sizes of theVerticilliumisolates differed in various culture media, temperature, and periods of growth. Spore contents could not be used to differentiate species. Spore size, therefore, is not justifiable as the only criterion for species determination inVerticillium.

ISSN:0008-4166    

DOI:10.1139/m70-043

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1970

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

Administration of hydrocortisone to mice caused activation of latent nosematosis in at least 25% of the animals. The sporozoan parasiteNosema cuniculicould be demonstrated in the tissues of the internal organs and circulating blood by direct microscopic examination. Growth and multiplication of the parasite could be achieved in mouse embryo cell cultures, where the parasite infected and destroyed only about 2% of the cells, thus establishing a state of persistently infected cell culture. The parasite grown in cell culture retained its mouse pathogenicity.

ISSN:0008-4166    

DOI:10.1139/m70-044

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1970

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

The catabolic pathways for use of glucose in proliferating vegetative cells ofBacillus thuringiensis,B.alvei,B.lentimorbus, andB.popilliaewere studied by radiorespirometry. These organisms dissimilate glucose predominately via the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway and to a lesser extent by the pentose phosphate pathway. Extent of participation of concurrent pathways varied with each organism. Tentative evidence suggests thatB.popilliaeandB.lentimorbus, grown in a yeast extract – glucose medium, lack a fully operational tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Dilution of this medium slightly enhanced TCA cycle activity inB.popilliaebut had no effect withB.lentimorbus. Radiorespirometric data regarding glutamic acid oxidation also were obtained for each bacterium. All organisms studied exceptB.lentimorbuswere capable of oxidizing glutamic acid to carbon dioxide.

ISSN:0008-4166    

DOI:10.1139/m70-045

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1970

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

The intravenous injection of (20–40) × 106heat-treated spores ofClostridiumM55 into Swiss mice bearing a 10 × 10 mm Ehrlich solid tumor was followed in about 15 days by regression of the tumor in 3 out of 10 animals. Histological sections confirmed the absence of tumor cells. This result was obtained with only two lots of spores; on the other hand, four additional lots cured 2 tumors out of 10. Since growth ofClostridiumM55 in cellophane tubes shows that the active principle does not dialyze but may occasionally diffuse into the surrounding culture fluid, it would appear interesting to study the conditions which permit this liberation with the hope that it may be extracted, purified, and identified. In conclusion, it would appear that this is the first time that a biological material causes regression of Ehrlich's solid tumor in the mouse.

ISSN:0008-4166    

DOI:10.1139/m70-046

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1970

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

Cultures ofMicrococcus halodenitrificansandVibrio costicoluscan grow in the presence of 0.4–3.5 MNaCl. Three lines of investigation: attempts to select for more or less salt-tolerant cells; colony counts at different salt concentrations; and replica plating experiments, suggested that populations of these organisms were genetically homogeneous in their salt response. That is, each cell in a population could grow over the whole range of salt concentration in which the culture grew.The nutritional requirements ofV.costicoluswere studied. This organism can grow in a minimal (salts–glucose) medium at pH values above 6.0 and in a salt concentration range 0.5–2.2 M. Increasing the concentration of phosphate buffer greatly increased cell yield. The range of salt concentration in whichV.costicoluscould grow depended on the nutrient supply, being widest in complex media. A wider range was possible in the presence of amino acids than in a salts–glucose medium. All growth factors permitting growth to occur at high salt concentrations were not identified.

ISSN:0008-4166    

DOI:10.1139/m70-047

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1970

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

Fractions of the cell wall of the yeast,Pityrosporum ovale, were analyzed for neutral sugars, nitrogen, protein, hexosamines, cysteine + cystine, lipids, and ash as affected by age of cells and degree of breakage of cells. Neither the age of cells nor the degree of breakage influenced the composition of the fractions very much. The results indicate that the composition of the wall ofP.ovaleis substantially different from that ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae, being higher in lipid, protein, and glucosamine. The polymerized N-acetyl-glucosamine in the wall seems to be present in a non-crystalline form. These results are consistent with known structural differences between the walls of the two genera.

ISSN:0008-4166    

DOI:10.1139/m70-048

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1970

数据来源: NRC