摘要:

The growth of L-phase streptococci in broth and upon Millipore membrane filters was studied by light and scanning-beam electron microscopy. Osmotic sensitivity, shape, size, and surface features of L-phase bodies, ratios of large bodies to granules, and number of units in clusters varied with the phase of growth in broth. During the lag phase of growth the L-phase elements seemed to possess a weakened membrane as suggested by their increased susceptibility to osmotic lysis and their flattened shape. Irregular protuberances, which may be associated with formation of elementary corpuscles or degeneration of membrane, were found on large bodies in stationary phase. Replication in broth appeared to occur by single budding of large bodies or binary fission of granules measuring 0.7 μm or more in diameter. L-Phase colonies of group D streptococci, strains F24 and Z30, and group A streptococci, strains ADA, AED, and GL8, were differentiated by morphology when grown on Millipore membrane filters pressed upon uniform agar medium. Both group and strain variation were observed.

ISSN:0008-4166    

DOI:10.1139/m72-184

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1972

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

Individual amino acids (0.002 M) when added to Fothergill's medium stimulated the growth ofRhizopus arrhizus. Maximum growth was obtained with shikimic acid and the next highest growth with tryptophan. Sporulation was stimulated in the dark by the addition of tryptophan or methionine.Rhizopus arrhizusgrown in tryptophan medium produced indoleacetic acid (IAA). The addition of IAA to Fothergill's medium did not increase the amount of growth and did not stimulate sporulation in the dark.

ISSN:0008-4166    

DOI:10.1139/m72-185

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1972

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

Fifteen bacterial strains and four molds capable of growth onn-butane were isolated and partially classified. The bacteria were mostlyArthrobactersp. andBrevibacteriumsp.; among the molds,Penicillium nigricans,Allescheria boydii, andGraphium cumeiferumwere identified, while the remaining mold had the appearance ofGliocladium, but was not firmly identified. Although able to grow on other alkanes and orthodox media, the bacterial isolates could not use methane. Growth rates onn-butane were unaffected by varying air or substrate partial pressures in the range of 10–90% atmosphere. High partial pressure of oxygen was inhibitory to most bacterial isolates, the degree of inhibition varying widely, however. Growth rates onn-butanol and on glucose were significantly higher than those onn-butane. Among the molds, only theGraphiumwould grow well in submerged, shaking culture.

ISSN:0008-4166    

DOI:10.1139/m72-186

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1972

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

Nineteen isolates ofCaryophanon latumwere tested for sensitivity to several antibiotics. All isolates were found to be resistant to high concentrations of streptomycin sulfate while maintaining natural trichome morphology. Based on this finding an isolation procedure using differential low-speed centrifugation, filtration, and streptomycin resistance was devised which resulted in the selective isolation ofC.latumfrom cow dung enrichments. This procedure results inC.latumaccounting for about 70% of the colonies found after dilution and spreading onto cow dung – streptomycin agar.

ISSN:0008-4166    

DOI:10.1139/m72-187

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1972

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

Cytoplasms obtained from 220 strains of mycobacteria were examined against immunoglobulin preparations obtained from 70 cytoplasm antisera by an immunodiffusion technique. The data, arising from 60 000 individual tests, were computed and correlated with the pathogenicity and cultural characteristics revealed in a new semisynthetic medium.Pathogenic mycobacteria were recognized by the antigenic patternsa,ab,ac,abc,bc, orbqwhereas the main determinants in non-pathogenic mycobacteria were found to be thee,f,g,k,l,m, andtdeterminants. Nine major cytoplasmic serogroups, eight tentative serogroups, and seven new cultural groups of mycobacteria were distinguished. A comprehensive chart presenting immunological relationships and differentiation of the mycobacteria was presented and a procedure for a combined immunological and cultural recognition of potentially pathogenic strains of mycobacteria was outlined.

ISSN:0008-4166    

DOI:10.1139/m72-188

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1972

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

Cytoplasms of 61 Streptomycetes, 236 other Actinomycetales, and 12 cytoplasms ofC.albicans,Diplococcus,Streptococcus, andStaphylococcuswere examined against anticytoplasm sera by an immunodiffusion method. The streptomycetes were found to contain between two and six major antigenic components and many strains were mutually related. Nine cytoplasmic serogroups were differentiated. TheStreptomycescytoplasms proved to be immunologically related toA.naeslundii; to a number of Nocardiae, notablyN.pelletieriandN.madurae; and to a very few saprophytic and scotochromogenic mycobacteria, as well as toCandida,Diplococcus, andStreptococcus. It is suggested thatStreptomyceshas represented a natural biological linkage between the Actinomycetales and lower fungi.

ISSN:0008-4166    

DOI:10.1139/m72-189

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1972

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

The effect of substrates, products, and related ligands of pyruvate kinase on the rate of inactivation of the enzyme by urea, guanidine hydrochloride, SDS, and PHMB, is reported. PEP, ADP, ATP, and Mg2+protected the enzyme from PHMB inactivation; complete protection was afforded by relatively low concentration of these ligands. The enzyme was also protected strongly from urea inactivation by PEP and Mg2+but ATP and ADP accelerated the rate of inactivation in a dramatic manner. While PEP and Mg2+proved to be mild protectants against SDS-induced inactivation, ADP and ATP exhibited a dual effect, showing protection at low concentrations and enhancement of inactivation at higher concentrations. FDP appeared to be the most potent protectant against SDS. With respect to GuHCl-promoted inactivation of pyruvate kinase, FDP caused a very pronounced increase of the inactivation rate, whereas PEP was a weak protectant and ADP elicited a slight acceleration of inactivation. There was no evidence of dissociation of the enzyme during inactivation experiments.

ISSN:0008-4166    

DOI:10.1139/m72-190

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1972

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

Cell suspensions of the psychrophilic bacterium, strain 82 produced the maximum amount of hydrogenase at 15C. No induction occurred at 25C and a limited amount of enzyme was formed at 0C. In comparison, mesophilicEscherichia coliandAerobacter aerogenesproduced maximum amounts of enzyme at 35C and 30C, respectively. No induction occurred at 10C.PsychrophilicPseudomonas fluorescensproduced maximum amounts of enzyme involved in benzoate oxidation at 25C and a large quantity of enzyme was produced at 5C. Induction did not occur at 35C or at 0C. In comparison, mesophilicPseudomonas aeruginosaproduced the largest amount of enzyme at 30C; induction did not occur at 45C or at 10C. Induction was most rapid for the psychrophile at 25C as contrasted to 35C for the mesophile.The data clearly show that the temperature range for induction of the above enzymes and for maximum enzyme formation is considerably lower in the psychrophiles than in the mesophiles.

ISSN:0008-4166    

DOI:10.1139/m72-191

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1972

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

WhenLactobacillus plantarum8014 was grown on a Trypticase Soy Broth (TSB) type of medium, choline accumulated within the cells, whereas when the same organism was grown on a semisynthetic medium, no choline accumulation was observed. Only the addition of choline O-sulfate resulted in the accumulation of choline in cells grown on semisynthetic medium to the extent seen in cells grown on TSB medium. The choline of TSB-grown cells is shown to be non-lipoidal and to occur in the cells as free choline, choline O-sulfate, and choline O-phosphate. No choline was detected in the cell wall of the choline-containing cells.

ISSN:0008-4166    

DOI:10.1139/m72-192

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1972

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

An unidentified bacterium degradesp-hydroxyphenylacetic acid by a pathway which involves homogentisic acid as an intermediate. Extracts of cells grown onp-hydroxyphenylacetic acid contain an enzyme that convertsp-hydroxyphenylacetic acid to homogentisic acid. The enzyme has been partially purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation and some of its properties examined. The complete oxidation of 1 mole ofp-hydroxyphenylacetic acid requires 1 mole of either NADH or NADPH, and 1 mole of oxygen, and results in the production of 1 mole of homogentisic acid. The enzyme preparation has a high specificity forp-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, but has about 25% activity withp-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid.

ISSN:0008-4166    

DOI:10.1139/m72-193

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1972

数据来源: NRC