ISSN:0951-7383    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0951-7383    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

One of the greatest improvements in outcome for patients with head injury has resulted from the earlier identification of patients at risk for intracranial haematoma. The presence of a skull fracture, particularly in conscious patients, is associated with a much higher risk of haematoma. Computerized tomography scanning of these patients will probably lead to earlier detection. While there is great enthusiasm for aggressive treatment and intensive care management, it is difficult to show that this improves outcome significantly. That is not to say that aggressive resuscitation and prevention of hypoxia and hypotension will not lead to a reduction in secondary ischaemic brain damage.

ISSN:0951-7383    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This paper reviews the current factors that predict the outcome of head injury from details of initial injury, as well as the outcome of head injury in terms of physical, psychological and social sequelae. The literature regarding cognitive, social and vocational rehabilitation is emphasized, and evidence for improvement in outcome after intensive rehabilitation is outlined.

ISSN:0951-7383    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Evaluation of neurophysiological tests, including electroencephalography and evoked potentials, imaging techniques and biochemical measures, shows that they may provide supportive evidence; however, they are not better than clinical signs at defining prognosis in coma. The use of lipophilic radionucleides and ultrasonography may help in the diagnosis of brain death.

ISSN:0951-7383    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Refinements of existing magnetic resonance imaging, microsurgical and radiosurgical techniques have made diagnosis easier; they have also led to significantly lower morbidity in patients with pituitary lesions, craniopharyngiomas, or acoustic neuromas.

ISSN:0951-7383    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

There is renewed interest in boron neutron capture therapy of gliomas, while enthusiasm for immunotherapeutic modalities, such as interferon, has begun to wane. Basic research into glioma biology is shedding light on the proliferative pathways which may be amenable to future therapeutic manipulation. Recent evidence has confirmed the benefit of surgical excision in patients with solitary brain metastases. Great technical advances are occurring in radical skull base surgery; however, the indications for such surgery remain poorly defined, particularly for patients with malignant lesions.

ISSN:0951-7383    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0951-7383    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The incidence of cerebral infarction and intracerebral hemorrhage is reported to have increased during the early 1980s: a reversal of the decline observed over the previous 30 years. Other interesting areas during the past year included hypercoagulable states, the occurrence of stroke in non-valvular atrial fibrillation, and the role of smoking, alcohol and dietary factors in the pathogenesis of stroke.

ISSN:0951-7383    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Antagonists of the excitatory amino acid L-glutamate act by blocking the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor/ion channel and, by inhibiting neuronal calcium entry, they prevent ischemic injury. Thein vitrodata are consistent, but in vivo evidence remains controversial. Other current experimental approaches that appear to be promising include inhibitory receptor stimulation, lipid peroxidation inhibition, and platelet-activating factor antagonism. Mild hypothermia as a treatment for ischemic brain has generated data that could explain at least some of the cytoprotection reported with N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonism.

ISSN:0951-7383    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID