ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1983.tb00318.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Responses of serum testosterone levels to repeated daily injections of 5000 IU hCG for 4 days were studied in 24 patients with Klinefelter's syndrome. Eighteen patients were untreated, and 8 had been given previous treatment with depot testosterone 100 mg intramuscularly every 2–3 weeks for an average duration of 4.7 years. Among them, 4 patients were examined both before and after the therapy. The hCG test was performed at least 2 weeks (0.5–12 months) after the last injection of depot testosterone in the treated patients. Mean basal testosterone level of the treated patients, 139 ± 98 ng dl (Mean ± SD), was not significantly different from that of the untreated patients, 172 ± 110 ng/dl. Maximum stimulated testosterone level in the treated patients, 170 ± 107 ng/dl (P<0.05). These results suggest that long‐term androgen administration may decrease the functional reserve of Leydig cells in patients with Klinefelter's

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1983.tb00319.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Testicular biopsy specimens from 11 infertile men were incubated in vitro with [3H]progesterone before and during long term gonadotrophic treatment. The main metabolites along the Δ‐4 metabolic pathway and 20α‐dihydro‐progesterone were determined and the ratio between 20α‐dihydro‐progesterone and 17α‐hydroxyprogesterone formed in vitro was calculated. In 5 patients with originally high ratios (indicating gonadotrophic understimulation), steroid metabolism changed significantly towards a more stimulated pattern. Three of these patients also showed a significant increase in sperm output and 2 of them fathered children. In 6 patients with an originally low ratio (indicating adequate gonadotrophic stimulation) no change in steroid metabolism in vitro or spermatogenesis was seen during therapy. Thus, this ratio between formed 20α‐dihydro‐progesterone and 17α‐hydroxyprogesterone in vitro seems to be of value in predicting whether gonadotrophic treatment will

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1983.tb00320.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The seminiferous epithelium of 34 pre‐pubertal, 1 pubertal and 6 adult Macaca irus (syn. Macaca fascicularis, cynomolgus monkey) was studied histologically. The testicular weight roughly doubled each year up to 3.5 years after birth, whereafter a 25‐fold increase occurred with puberty. During the first year, the abundant interstitial connective tissue present at birth, was replaced by seminiferous cords that expanded by longitudinal growth. Few changes were seen within the tubules up to 3 years. Adarkand Apalespermatogonia were already present in the stillborn monkeys. Before puberty much more Adarkthan Apalespermatogonia were counted, the Ad/Apratio varying between 1.5 and 6.9 before puberty and between 0.8 and 1.3 in the adult. B spermatogonia were present in small numbers after the first year. At puberty large numbers of spermatocytes and spermatids were found. Small testis fragments were incubated with [3H]thymidine and processed for autoradiography. Very few labelled Adarkspermatogonia were found both before and after puberty. The Labelling Index (L.I.) for Apalespermatogonia was constant before puberty (6.5%), but increased to 14.9% thereafter. The L.I. for B spermatogonia was 18.7% in the adult. Before puberty the L.I. of Sertoli cells was low (0.27%) but constant. No labelled Sertoli cells were observed in adult monkeys. It is discussed that proliferating adult type A spermatogonia are present between birth and puberty but that, in contrast to the adult situation, differentiation of these cells into B spermatogonia is limi

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1983.tb00321.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Blood flow to the testis and epididymis of 7 anaesthetized male pigs was measured using electromagnetic blood flow sensors. An average blood flow to the testis of 12 ml/min/100 g and in the epididymal arteries of 19 ml/min/100 g was measured. The effect of intravenously administered norepinephrine, isoprenaline and acetylcholine on α and β2adrenergic and cholinergic receptor sites, respectively, was investigated. As neither norepinephrine nor isoprenaline, nor acetylcholine changed vascular conductance of the testis, we could not demonstrate adrenergic and cholinergic receptor activity. The possibility of autonomic regulation by the nonvascular smooth muscles of the spermatic cord and the inner layer of the tunica albuginea has been discusse

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1983.tb00322.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Testes of adult control and unilateral cryptorchid rats were fixed by vascular perfusion. The cell profile area of peritubular Leydig cells surrounding tubules in different stages of spermatogenesis, and the cell profile area of perivascular Leydig cells were determined. The size of peritubular Leydig cells was dependent on which type of tubulus the cells were surrounding. Some peritubular Leydig cells, especially those surrounding stages VII–VIII (88.1 ± 7.1 μm2, mean ± SD, n = 6 rats), were larger than perivascular Leydig cells (69.3 ± 5.9 μm2). The size of Leydig cells surrounding stages IX–XIV was similar to that of perivascular cells. In the abdominal testes no spermatogenic cycle was present and the sizes of peritubular and perivascular Leydig cells were equal (63.0 ± 5.1, vs 66.7 ± 7.3 μm2, mean ± SD, n = 5 rats). It is suggested that the tubules and the spermatogenic cycle locally modulate Leydig cell activity and that Leydig cell malfunction in abdominal testes may be due to a decreased stimulatory influence from the dam

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1983.tb00323.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effect of adrenalectomy on specific activities of testicular hexokinase, 6‐phosphofructokinase, pyruvate kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase, 6‐phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and glycogen concentration have been studied. A general increase in specific activities of all enzymes was seen after adrenalectomy in rats of all ages studied. However, lactate dehydrogenase activity and glycogen concentration in pre‐pubertal rats alone were depleted with no alteration in pubertal and adult animals. This was accompanied by increased prolactin titres, but gonadotrophins and testosterone were unaltered. Dexamethasone treatment returned all enzyme activities and hormonal profiles

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1983.tb00324.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Testicular descent was prevented unilaterally in newborn rats by cutting the gubernaculum testis. Morphological changes due to non‐descent of the testes were studied in 16‐, 20‐, and 24‐day‐old rats. Scrotal and abdominal temperatures were measured in control rats, and a difference was noted from 16 days and onwards. At 16 days of age the abdominal testes showed an abnormal accumulation of lipid droplets in the Sertoli cells at certain stages of spermatogenesis, and the number of tubules which had developed a lumen was slightly greater than in the scrotal testes. At 20 days of age, some spermatocytes were degenerating in the abdominal testes, especially in the tubular segments where lipid accumulation had been seen earlier. Lipid accumulation was noted in the Sertoli cells in all stages of spermatogenesis and additional ultrastructural signs of Sertoli cell malfunction such as dilatation of the SER and dilatation of the intercellular space between adjacent Sertoli cells was observed. Also the number of tubules containing a lumen was slightly larger in the abdominal testes. At 24 days of age, the number of spermatocytes was reduced in abdominal testes and the morphological changes seen earlier in the Sertoli cells were more pronounced. The function of the blood‐testis barrier was investigated by the ability of the tubules to exclude lanthanum, and no differences were found between scrotal and abdominal testes at 16 and 20 days of age. The present study suggests that the earliest morphological changes in experimentally primary abdominal testes may occur in the Se

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1983.tb00325.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effects on the proximal caput epididymidis of efferent ductule ligation were studied. After 6 h there was a slight increase in autophagocytosis in the initial segment proper (1A). After 12 h this segment showed cell death and cytoplasmic regression and after 24 h large amounts of necrotic cells and focal degeneration in the epithelium, and desquamated cells and débris in the lumen. After 48 h the epithelium was lower, but degeneration less obvious. Segments 1B, 1C and 2 showed marked cell death and cytoplasmic degeneration. This was more evident after 3 days, especially in 1B. After 5 and 7 days some degeneration was still seen, but essentially regional differences had disappeared, leaving a lower, inactive epithelium throughout. Except for an increase in glycogen granules in segment 1C after 48 h, marked focal degeneration always appeared before general cytoplasmic alterations. Sham operation produced no changes. The regression might be caused by the cut supply of androgen binding protein or a growth factor in rete testis fluid

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1983.tb00326.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Zinc content of spermatozoa collected from the caput and cauda portions of the rat epididymis was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results showed about 60% reduction in the spermatozoal zinc content by the time they reach the cauda epididymis. This reduction was inhibited in rats receiving micro dose oestrogen which incuced ‘functional’ sterility. It appears that the fall in zinc content of spermatozoa during their transport in the epididymis is related to sperm maturation and that oestrogen treatment interferes with this reduction in sperm zinc cont

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1983.tb00327.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY