摘要:

The presence of IgG and IgA on motile spermatozoa from normal semen donors and men from infertile couples was studied with mixed antiglobulin reaction (MAR) tests.The percentage of motile spermatozoa with IgG (IgG MAR%) was found to be related to the circulating antispermatozoal IgG. No direct relation could be detected between the IgG MAR% and the sperm agglutinating activity in seminal plasma (SP) or the percentage of motile spermatozoa showing the shaking phenomenon (S%) in the sperm cervical mucus contact (SCMC) test. The percentage of motile spermatozoa with IgA (IgA MAR%) showed no direct relation to the sperm agglutinating activity in serum and SP, but was roughly proportional with the S%.It was discerned that the shaking phenomenon in the SCMC test was probably due to presence of IgA on the motile spermatozoa. Previously it had been demonstrated that also the sperm agglutinating activity in SP is caused by IgA that is probably locally produced in the male genital tract. In conclusion it was thought that the reduced ability of penetration into cervical mucus by spermatozoa from infertile men is caused by locally produced IgA.

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1980.tb00090.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In fifty cases of proven asthenospermia semen samples were examined for ultrastructural abnormalities. In 32 of the cases the sperm cells appeared either completely normal, or presented only minor abnormalities. In 15 cases severe teratospermia was observed. In the 3 remaining cases, specific and hitherto undescribed tail abnormalities were detected.

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1980.tb00091.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Studies were carried out of the effects of prolactin (0.5‐1.0 mU) and 3'5' dibutyryl cyclic AMP (dbcAMP) (100–500 ng) on oxygen uptake and (U‐14C) glucose and (1‐14C) acetate utilization by human spermatozoa. Both molecules induce a significant increase (P<0.01) in oxygen uptake when acetate, glucose, pyruvate and lactate were used as substrates, although differences were noted in the induction effect depending on the substrate used (Tukey's multiple comparisons after ANOVA) (P<0.01). The production of14CO2from glucose and labelled acetate was also statistically increased (P<0.01) by prolactin (from 15.15 to 25.32 nmoles CO2/hour/108sperm cells) as well as by dbcAMP (15.15 to 34.95 nmoles CO2/hour/108sperm cells). From these results we conclude that the activator effects of prolactin and dbcAMP on human spermatozoa with respect to the studied parameters are similar and that prolactin may be an activator of spermatic adenylyl

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1980.tb00092.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The diagnosis of male adnexitis is difficult and the influence of this condition on fertility is still a matter of debate.With the intention to define diagnostic criteria a comprehensive study of biochemical and morphological features of semen, plus culture for microorganisms, was performed in patients who were assessed for infertility during a four year period.The following parameters were considered of diagnostic value:a) history of urogenital infection and/or abnormal rectal palpation.b) significant alterations in the expressed prostatic fluid and/or urinary sediment after prostatic massage.c) 1. Uniform growth of more than 103pathogenic bacteria, or more than 104non‐pathogenic bacteria per ml, in culture of diluted seminal plasma.c) 2. Presence of more than 106(peroxidase positive) leucocytes per ml of ejaculate.c) 3. Signs of disturbed secretory function of the prostate or seminal vesicles.The diagnosis of infection is accepted if either of the following combinations is found: a + b, a + c (1 or 2 or 3), b + c (1 or 2 or 3), c1 + c2, c1 + c3, c2 + c3.Many studies have been devoted to the question whether infection of the accessory sex glands can cause male subfertility; results are however discrepant and no final conclusion has yet been reached. Indeed, no controlled prospective study has been performed on subfertile men with infection, comparing the fertility outcome with or without treatment. This is, to a great extent, due to the confusion concerning the diagnosis of infection. Some authors diagnose infection as soon as pathogenic bacteria are cultured in the seminal plasma (Mobley 1975; Dahlberg 1976); some consider the number of bacteria per ml of ejaculate as an important diagnostic criterion (Clavequin et al. 1971; Drach 1975; Fari et al. 1977; Eneroth et al. 1978); others stress the diagnostic value of cytological examination of the expressed prostatic fluid (Eliasson 1968; Johannisson&Eliasson 1978); whereas some investigators consider certain changes in sperm morphology and in the biochemical composition of the seminal plasma of great importance (Anderson&Fair 1976; Blacklock&Beavis 1974; Eliasson i970; Lindholmer&Eliasson 1972).Since infection is defined on the basis of such different criteria, the reported incidence in subfertile men greatly varies from one series to another, and the results of treatment are very divergent (Marberger et al. 1972).The aim of this study is to report the results of our investigations on different parameters of infection of the accessory sex glands in male partners of childless couples, and to try to define diagnostic criteri

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1980.tb00093.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A group of men under investigation for infertility have been studied with regard to findings of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in their ejaculates before and after medication. The group consisted of 27 men who received doxycycline concomitantly with their partners according to a fixed treatment schedule. Prior to medication 23 men delivered ejaculates which demonstrated bacterial growth. A total of 53 isolates were obtained. Following doxycycline treatment a significant number of men had a reduction in the number of isolates. The reduction was mainly confined to peptococci and propionibacteria.Of the 9 men whose partners subsequently conceived, 6 harboured peptococci and/or propionibacteria in their semen before but not after treatment. It is concluded that these results warrant more extensive studies of the possible part played by peptococci and propionibacteria in genital‐tract infections in the male partners of infertile union

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1980.tb00094.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In 10 patients cured for metastatic testicular cancer by combination chemotherapy serum hormone levels and serum agglutinating antibodies were analysed 12 to 35 months after discontinuation of the treatment. Together with these examinations sperm analysis was done. All patients had increased levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). Serum testosterone was usually in the lower part of the normal range (below 20 nmol/***l). In eight patients the serum agglutinating antibodies were normal, while two patients had increased levels. In all patients azoospermia was observed, indicating long‐lasting infertility in patients testicular cancer treated by combination chemotherapy. The possible importance of cryopreservation prior to start of chemotherapy is discusse

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1980.tb00095.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effect of thyroidectomy on phosphohexoseisomerase (PHI) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities in the seminal vesicles and ventral prostate of rats has been investigated. Following long term thyroidectomy the activities of PHI and LDH declined 28% and 40%, respectively, in the ventral prostate when compared to the values for normal rats. However, both PHI and LDH activities were elevated to 27% and 33%, respectively, in the seminal vesicles of thyroidectomized rats. The data reported in this communication are consonant with the view that an altered thyroid state may have a definite influence on androgen‐regulated glycolytic enzyme activities in the male accessory organs, thereby indirectly affecting the secretory activities of these tissue

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1980.tb00096.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The present paper describes some physicochemical properties of the soluble 3α‐oxidoreductases in the rat testis and prostate, and comparison with rat epididymal 3α‐oxidoreductase, published previously (Hastings&Hansson 1979). The testicular enzyme shows properties very similar to that in the epididymis (size, stability, pH optium) except for minor differences in charge (iso‐electric point). The prostatic enzyme revealed a slightly higher molecular weight, and was more sensitive to heating than those in the testis and epididymis, whereas the iso‐electric point was the same as that in the testis (pI‐5.25). The enzymes in all tissues exhibit very similar shapes (f/fo 1.14‐1.17).The similar properties of the testicular and prostate 3α‐oxidoreductases to those previously reported for that in the epididymis may indicate that these enzymes represent identical peptide chains. The small differences observed in size, temperature stability and change may be due to their presence in differ

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1980.tb00097.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effects of 6‐chloro‐6‐deoxyglucose (6 CDG) on the transport of electrolytes and water in the cauda epididymidis and fertility of male rats were studied. Injection of 6 CDG into male rats at a dose rate of 120 μM/kg/day for 7–14 days induced sterility and inhibited sodium and water reabsorption in the perfused cauda epididymidis by about 60%. The rates of potassium and protein secretion were unaffected. When these rats were allowed to recover for 10 weeks, both fertility and the Na and water reabsorption of the cauda were restored. It is proposed that the chlorinated sugar may affect cpididymal sperm metabolism through an effect on the transport function of the ep

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1980.tb00098.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Testicular exocrine and endocrine function was monitored in adult male rhesus monkeys maintained for up to 4 years in a controlled environment isolated from seasonal changes in light, humidity and temperature and from female animals.Marked circannual variations were found in both functions. Spermatogenesis and exocrine function were maximal in the autumn and winter months as indicated by histological studies and the measurement of testicular volume, frequency of spontaneous and provoked ejaculations and in sperm output. The serum level and metabolic clearance rate and production rate of testosterone were also maximal during this period as were the serum concentrations of dihydrotestosterone, cortisol and biologically active luteinizing hormone. By contrast the serum prolactin and dehydroepiandrosterone levels showed an inverse pattern, achieving their highest levels in spring, during the period of reduced testicular function.Since such marked circannual variations in testicular and pituitary functions persist in monkeys isolated from external environmental influences, the existence of an inherent regulatory mechanism can be postulated. Such distinct variations in testicular function must be taken into consideration when using the male rhesus monkey as an experimental model for human reproductive function.

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1980.tb00099.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY