ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1990.tb00954.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryMature (60–65 day old) male Sprague‐Dawley rats received a single intraperitoneal injection of ethylene dimethane sulphonate (EDS; 100 mg/kg) and were subsequently killed at various times from day 2 to day 40 post‐treatment. Testes were removed from these animals and from age‐matched controls and utilized either for light and electron microscopical analyses or for in‐vitro assessment of Leydig cell function. Interstitial cells were prepared by collagenase digestion and used to measure125I‐labelled human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) binding capacity and androgen production in the presence or absence of hCG or dibutyryl cyclic AMP (dbcAMP). At day 2 after EDS treatment,125I‐labelled hCG binding capacity was reduced to 10% of control values, while the production of testosterone and 5a‐androstane‐3a, 17β‐diol (adiol) were non‐detectable. Histological observations confirmed the lack of identifiable Leydig cells at day 2–16 after EDS treatment. Between days 24 and 40 post‐treatment, Leydig cell regeneration occurred, as indicated by a rise in125I‐labelled hCG binding capacity, increased androgen production and the presence of histologically identifiable Leydig cells. A pattern of adiol production similar to that seen in the immature rat during Leydig cell development was observed with peak synthesis occurring at day 30 post‐treatment. Adiol production fell to barely detectable levels by day 36 and remained low at day 40. It is concluded that the steroidogenic pattern of regenerating Leydig cells in the EDS‐treated animal is similar to that of developing Ley

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1990.tb00955.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA unique polyvalent antiserum against whole washed human sperm was used previously to identify groups of antigens on spermatozoa. The antiserum, designated as Antiserum I, recognized the acrosome on sperm from several species and on Western blots recognized a 40 kD antigen in human sperm extracts. Antiserum I caused agglutination of human sperm and prevented interaction of mouse sperm and oocytes. This serum also recognized a band of 24 kD in rat testicular cytosol. In the present study this group of 24 kD proteins was used as an antigen preparation to actively immunize female rats. Immunization was carried out with two different adjuvants: nor‐muramyl dipeptide and SPLPS (a thyalated derivative of lipopoly‐saccharide). Both groups of animals showed significant antibody titres as detected by indirect immunofluorescence and by sperm agglutination tests. In both groups over 80% of the animals remained infertile, compared to 13% of the controls. It is concluded that a group of antigens in rat testes recognized by Antiserum I offer promise as candidates for a contraceptive vacc

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1990.tb00956.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe different mechanisms for glutathione‐dependent inactivation of a number of oxidizing compounds and other xenobiotics were studied using isolated round spermatids from rats. For the estimation of cellular GSH a flow cytometric assay was used. The cells were exposed to the oxidizing compounds cumene hydroperoxide and diamide, to study the activity of the GSH redox cycle. Incubation of the isolated cells with these compounds showed that the cells had a limited capacity to withstand the oxidative stress associated with their inactivation. The GSH level of the spermatids was maintained during 18 h of incubation in the presence of low concentrations of cumene hydroperoxide and diamide, whereas spermatids exposed to higher concentrations showed a loss of both GSH and ATP. No partial loss of GSH from individual cells was observed. Diethyl maleate and 1,2‐epoxy‐p‐(nitrophenoxy)propane (ENPP) were used to study the effect of glutathione S‐transferase‐catalysed GSH conjugation on the GSH content of spermatids. Exposure of the cells to low concentrations of diethyl maleate and ENPP resulted in a decrease in GSH content. The flow cytometric analysis showed that this was a partial loss of GSH from all cells, rather than GSH depletion in a part of the cell population. This diminution of the cellular GSH pool, however, did not affect the ATP content and viability of the cells. The present results indicate that spermatids can utilize GSH‐dependent defence mechanisms against a number of mo

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1990.tb00957.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryMale mice were vasectomized by ‘open‐ended’ or ‘closed’ techniques. After 4 weeks the cell‐mediated immune reactions were compared with those of sham‐operated animals by immunohistochemical localization of leucocytes, using specific monoclonal antibodies. Macrophages and MHC class II antigen‐positive cells were the major cell types to appear in all regions of the epididymis after both types of operation. There was recruitment of T‐helper/inducer leucocytes but not of T‐suppressor‐cytotoxic cells. An increased presentation of macrophage‐migration inhibiting factor antigen appeared in interstitial and peritubular locations. After ‘closed’ and ‘open‐ended’ vasectomy granulomata developed in the epididymis. The sperm‐containing lumen of these granulomata was invaded by macrophages, MHC class II‐positive cells and T‐helper/inducer lymphocytes. This mouse model thus reveals a significant epididymal inflammatory

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1990.tb00958.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe significance of white blood cells in the ejaculate remains a matter of controversy. Several authors have suggested that such cells are important in the modulation of an antisperm antibody response, i.e. a predominance of suppressor/cytotoxic to helper/inducer T cells may prevent the development of antisperm antibodies. In order to examine this relationship further we have documented the white blood cell types, with emphasis on the T‐lymphocyte populations, in the ejaculates of men from infertile couples with and without antisperm antibodies; the latter group was divided further into two groups—vasovasostomized men and idiopathic men. All seven of the men without antisperm antibodies had a predominance of suppressor/cytotoxic T cells to helper/inducer T cells in the ejaculate. However, only in some of the men with antibodies was there a predominance of T‐helper/inducer cells. It is clear that the relationship between antisperm antibodies and seminal leucocytes is therefore not as straightforward as has been pro

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1990.tb00959.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe outcome of procedures for assisted reproduction, namely in‐vitro fertilization (IVF) and gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) were used as end‐points to assess the capacity of particular sperm characteristics to predict the fertilizing potential of semen. In addition, the result of IVF performed with spare oocytes from the GIFT procedure, was used to predict the pregnancy outcome of GIFT.The power of sperm characteristics to predict the outcome of assisted reproduction procedures was poor. With regard to the outcome of IVF, sperm morphology was the best discriminant. The threshold value of 16% normal sperm morphology could be used as a good predictor of successful IVF, but could not be applied as a criterion to reject an IVF trial. For the latter purpose, the limit of 5% sperm with normal morphology should be used.The proportion of sperm with grade A motility in native semen provided the best discrimination between GIFT‐fertile and GIFT‐infertile cases. A negative result from IVF performed with spare oocytes was 93% accurate in predicting unsuccessful outcome of GIFT. Hence, diagnostic IVF is the most sensitive assay for male fertility. The occurrence of oocyte fertilization during IVF predicts a successful outcome of GIFT in only 50% of cases. Hence, a negative result in IVF indicates that semen is almost certainly infertile, but a positive result does not guarantee the successful outcome

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1990.tb00960.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySerum levels of testosterone and sex hormone‐binding globulin (SHBG) were determined in 80 apparently healthy men aged 25–85 years and in 23 patients with prostatic carcinoma (CAP) aged 60–75 years before and 6 months after orchidectomy. Serum levels of testosterone and SHBG were correlated positively in healthy men, in all subjects overall as well as within different age groups, and in CAP patients before, but not after, orchidectomy. These data are not consistent with the classical theory regarding SHBG regulation and also speak against an influence of SHBG binding on testosterone metabolism as a mechanism behind the observed positive association between testosterone levels and

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1990.tb00961.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1990.tb00962.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY