摘要:

SummaryIn order to evaluate the effects of pentoxifylline on sperm motility and longevity, a controlled in‐vitro study was conducted on normozoospermic donor semen samples using the Cellsoft automated system for sperm motility analysis. After incubation and selection, pentoxifylline was found to improve the recovery of spermatozoa and to increase their velocity. In the subgroup of progressively motile spermatozoa, curvilinear velocity was also enhanced. It is concluded that pentoxifylline has an effect on the vigour, but not on the pattern, of sperm motion. Pentoxifylline did not improve the motility characteristics of senescent spermatozoa in normozoospermic sperm samples. Sperm survival, as shown by supra‐vital staining, and motility longevity both decreased with time after pentoxifylline treatm

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1994.tb01200.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySwabbing the urethrae of men has been the traditional approach for collecting specimens for detection ofChlamydia trachomatis. Recently, however, urine testing using enzyme immunoassay has yielded promising results. A total of 105 patients attending the Andrology Clinic at Ga Rankuwa Hospital, Medunsa were included in the study. These patients were asymptomatic and had no urethral discharge. Three endo‐urethral swabs and first‐catch urine were collected fiom each patient. The urethral swabs were used for enzyme immunoassay (EIA) (IDEIA 111), tissue culture and direct immonufluorescent antibody (DFA) test (IMAGEN) to detectC. trachomatis. In addition about 15–30 ml of first‐catch urine, or urine collected at least 2h after the previous micturition, was collected for each patient for EIA testing. Fifteen (14.3%) of 105 patients were positive on urethral swab EIA, in comparison with the DFA test in which 14 (13.3%) were positive. Eight (7.8%) were positive in tissue culture. Urine EIA was positive in 17 (16.2%) patients, of whom five (4.8%) were positive in urine EIA only. All EIA positive urines were confirmed by DFA. We recommend that first‐catch urine or urine collected at least 2h after the previous micturition in infertile males may be considered a suitable alternative to urethral swab for chlamydial diagnosis because it is noninvasive and non

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1994.tb01201.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTotal lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), LDH‐X, creatine phosphokinase (CPK) activities and ATP content were measured in washed spermatozoa from 188 normospermic and 94 oligozoospermic men. These four biochemical parameters were significantly higher (p>0.00l) in spermatozoa from oligozoospermic men than in those from normospermic men and were related inversely to sperm concentration. In oligozoospermic men the activity of sperm LDH and LDH‐X was related sipficantly to sperm CPK activity (r = 0.5486 and r = 0.4442, respectively), whereas this relationship was less evident in normospermic men (r =0.4124 andr= 0.3844, respectively). Sperm ATP content was related weakly to sperm LDH, LDH‐X and CPK activities both in oligozoospermic and normospermic men. After separation on a discontinuous (40% and 80%) Percoll gradient LDH, LDH‐X, CPK activities and ATP content in 80% separated sperm fractions from 48 normospermic and 30 oligozoospermic men were found to be significantly lower than in the initial semen sample in both groups of subjects. The 80% separated sperm fi‐actions fiom oligozoospermic and normospermic men did not differ in their LDH or LDH‐X activities or ATP content, whereas sperm CPK activity was still significantly higher in oligozoospermic men. These data suggest that, of the four parameters studied, high levels of intracellular CPK activity are the most relevant biochemical feature of spermatozoa from oligozoo

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1994.tb01202.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe concentration of ATP and the motility of human spermatozoa was measured in fresh and cryopreserved cells from the same 15 ejaculates. No coherent picture of the relationship between motility and ATP concentration emerged in whole semen or in spermatozoa washed by repeated centrifugation and resuspension in Biggers Whitten and Whttingham medium. This may have been due to the presence of dead spermatozoa and contaminating cells. After preparation on a Percoll gradient, the ATP concentration in fresh and cryopreserved spermatozoa was the same (6±0.7 nmol/108spermatozoa) but 85±2.5% of the fresh spermatozoa were progressively motile with an average path velocity of 55±3.5 pm/s compared to corresponding values of 33±5.3% and 44±3.4 μm/s in frozen/thawed spermatozoa. This suggests that the poor motility of cryopreserved spermatozoa does not result from deficient ATP production. No relationship was found between ATP concentration and the ability of motile spermatozoa in the ejaculate to survive fre

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1994.tb01203.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe total quantity of zinc in the ejaculates of smokers was sipficantly lower than in non‐smokers. This was not related to a significant increase in the quantities of seminal cadmium or lead, or to a decrease in sperm quality in the smoking group. It appears that tobacco consumption may have to exceed 20 cigarettedday before a noticeable increase in seminal cadmium can be recorded. It is suggested that this reduction in zinc secretion may jeopardize the content of chromatin zinc, and thereby the stability of the sperm chromatin. This may then contribute to reproductive failure or have consequences for fetal developmen

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1994.tb01204.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryExperimental rodent models simulating the condition of neurogenic infertility have drawn attention to the role of potential epididymal dysfunction as an underlying cause.This functional obstruction of the genital tract is comparable to the outcome of genital tract obstruction after vasectomy, and may explain the common finding of asthenospermia in both groups following either stimulated semen recovery or vasovasostomy, respectively. Since spermatogenic dysfbnction has been reported in spinal cord injury, the relative roles of defective sperm production and sperm transport remain to be determined in men with neurogenic infertility. The objective of this study was to compare the levels of spermatogenesis in groups of vasectomized men and those with spinal cord injury, using objective measurement criteria for spermatogenesis.Groups of 10 spinal cord‐injured and six vasectomized men matched for age and duration of disease, underwent incisional testicular biopsy. The specimens were divided equally for parallel quantitation of spermatogenesis by both quantitative cytometry and DNA flow cytometric analysis. Quantitative parameters showed similar values for both groups with reference to mean tubular wall thickness, mean tubular concentration of spermatids and Sertoli cells, as well as the mean spermatid: Sertoli cell ratio per tubule. Additionally, similar percentages of lN, 2N and 4N cells were found in both groups‐Based on these preliminary findings this study provides a clinical correlation supporting the experimental observation that both anatomical and functional obstruction of the male genital tract exert a similar although minor spermatogenic insult, and that in both the putative cause for neurogenic infertility is more likely to be at the post‐testicular

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1994.tb01205.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn order to assess the suitability of DNA flow cytometry of fine‐needle aspirates for quantiftring spermatogenesis, the results from DNA flow cytometry were compared to histological evaluation of testicular biopsies taken concomitantly from 171 previously maldescended testes. In 137 of 171 cases, sufficient material for flow cytometric as well as histological evaluation was obtained.Histological analysis of surgical biopsy specimens revealed spermatogenesis including the spermatid stage in 117 of the 137 gonads. In six of the 117 gonads no haploid cells were found using flow cytometry. On the other hand, surgical biopsies failed to reveal spermatogenesis in five cases in which the corresponding aspirates contained haploid cells. Both methods therefore seem equally sensitive in detection of spermatogenesis.Other types of histological patterns also corresponded to distinct DNA histograms.Thus, in 11 of 12 cases with Sertoli‐cell‐only pattern in all tubules, at least 95% of the cells had a diploid DNA content. Furthermore, predominance of tubules with maturation arrest at the primary spermatocyte level corresponded to an increased proportion of tetraploid cells.When compared to surgical biopsy, DNA flow cytometry of testiclar fine‐needle aspirates is a more objective, easy and rapid method, which is more convenient for the patient. This study has indicatedthat DNA flow cytometry is a suitable method of quantitative assessment of spermatogenesis. One of the first target groups might be men with azoospermia. In such men, DNA flow cytometric analysis of fine‐needle aspirates and surgical biopsy are apparently of equal sensitivity in detecting gonads with spermatogenesis. We conclude that DNA flow cytometry may become an alternative method for the quantification of sperma

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1994.tb01206.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe binding of N‐acetyl‐β‐D‐glucosaminidase from rat epidldymal fluid to the surf‐ace of spermatozoa from the cauda epididymis was measured in the presence of sugars, its phosphorylated derivatives, or after treatment of the cells or the enzyme with agents that alter the integrity of proteins or carbohydrates. The binding was saturable, with a K, in the nanomolar range, was inhibited with phosphorylated derivates of fructose, and did not depend on Ca2+showing that it is different from the mannose 6‐P‐recognizing system existing in other tissues for this and other acid hydrolases. Treatment of the cells with sodium periodate or trypsin inhibited the binding, showing that a glycoprotein of the plasmalemma is involved in the affinity site. Fructose or phosphorylated derivates were not detected in the proteins of the epididymal fluid with HPLC. However, with the method used, the presence of these compounds cannot be ruled out, if among the proteins of the fluid there are only a small number of acid hydrolases contain

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1994.tb01207.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySertoli cells were isolated from Wistar rats aged 19 days and cultured for 48 h. The addition of retinol (10 μM) to the culture medium significantly stimulated the incorporation of [2–3H]mannose into lipid‐linked oligosaccharide and into cellular and secreted glycoproteins. Incorporation of [U‐ 14C]leucine into proteins and of [5, 6–3H] uridine into RNA was unaffected by retinol treatment. Incubation of microsomal fractions of retinol‐treated cells showed an increase in mannose incorporation into dolichyl phosphomannose, into dolichyl pyrophosphoryl oligosaccharide and into proteins. Chromatographic analysis of the fraction soluble in chloroform/methanol (2: 1 v/v) did not show the presence of retinyl phosphomannose either in control or in retinol‐treated cells. When the formation of dolichyl phosphomannose was studied in microsomes isolated from control cells and from cells treated with 10μMretinol for 48 h in the presence of exogenous dolichyl phosphate, the results showed that the retinol effect was due to stimulation of dolichyl phosphoman

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1994.tb01208.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1994.tb01209.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY