摘要:

Abstract:The paper presents the findings of a research project which included the study of the drug‐taking careers of regular opioid users. Samples were drawn from among addicts currently receiving a prescription from a NHS clinic, a general practitioner and a private practitioner and addicts who were currently dependent solely on black‐market supplies. The results derived from extensive interviews showed that users exert substantial control over the progression and development of their drug taking. The policy implications of a perspective on addiction which attributes addicts with control and individual choice are discus

ISSN:0265-5527    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2311.1986.tb00540.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:In the recent resurgence of interest in crime prevention, most research has concentrated on the feasibility of reducing criminal opportunities by enhanced surveillance and physical target‐hardening. By contrast, the potential to effect prevention by ‘management of the environment’ has remained comparatively neglected. This article attempts to redress the balance of interest by focussing on initiatives where those in managerial positions have taken steps to reduce crimes committed by breaching administrative procedures and regulations for which they are responsible. It reports on two case studies ‐ one focussing on frauds committed in a public hospital, the other on abuses of car import regulations ‐ which show how prevention has been achieved through careful scrutiny of existing administrative procedures and their subsequent adaptation. It is noteworthy that these achievements were obtained without incurring exorbitant costs or expending undue effort. The case studies further demonstrate the difficulties likely to be experienced by the police if responsibility for crime prevention is placed solely at their door. They also point to the role the police can have as catalysts when other agencies come to assume crime prevention respons

ISSN:0265-5527    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2311.1986.tb00541.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:Present and future reformers can learn a great deal from the tactics successfully employed in the past or in other societies. In Britain in the 1960s, major reforms relating to abortion, capital punishment, censorship, and homosexuality succeeded because the reformers argued their case in utilitarian, welfare terms and thus avoided fundamental moral clashes and countervailing moral crusades. In Ireland, Ulster and the United States religious fervour precludes the use of such a technique. In America reformers have often instead based their case on the Constitution but their success has been divisive and possibly ephemeral. The choice of tactics for reform must reflect the social and political climate of the time and the country.

ISSN:0265-5527    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2311.1986.tb00542.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:This paper examines recent developments in Scandinavian juvenile justice and discusses parallels, differences and lessons that might be learnt for juvenile justice in England and Wales.1 It will be argued that factors intrinsic to the respective models themselves may, in fact, be responsible for some of the quite different trends and developments to be found in each system. This would seem to be of considerable importance and significance in the light of current debates on (i) the sociology of punishment, and (ii) formal and informal models of justice, in addition to the sudden resurgence of interest in the ‘welfare v. justice’ debate, in the juvenile justice context, in England and Wa

ISSN:0265-5527    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2311.1986.tb00543.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0265-5527    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2311.1986.tb00544.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Court Work: A Guide for Social Work PractitionersC. Fishwick.Alternatives to PrisonS. Stanley and M. Baginsky.Women on Trial: A Study of the Female Suspect, Defendant and Offender in the Criminal Law and Criminal Justice SystemS.S.M. Edwards.Probation and Parole: Crime Control in the CommunityJ.O. Smykla.Victims of Crime: The Dimensions of RiskM. R. Gottfredson.Dangerous Offenders: The Elusive Target of JusticeM. H. Moore, S. R. Estrich, D. McGillis and W. Spelman.Sentencing: Theory, Law and PracticeN. Walker.The Tape‐Recording of Police Interviews with Suspects — An Interim ReportC.F. Willis.Black MagistratesM. King and C. May.Working with OffendersH. Walker and B. Beaumont (Eds.).Pre‐Trial Justice: A Study of Case Settlement in Magistrates' CourtsJ. Baldwin.The Principles of PolicingM. S. Pike.A Guide to the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984V. Bevan and K. Lid

ISSN:0265-5527    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2311.1986.tb00545.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0265-5527    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2311.1986.tb00546.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY