ISSN:0802-6106    

DOI:10.1111/j.1473-4192.1996.tb00085.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article focuses on the contrasting discourse practices and occupational cultures of engineers and marketing representatives, and argues that strong occupational cultures not only have different value systems, but also different discourse practices. To illustrate this point, the article offers authentic examples of how and why miscommunication occurs within a knowledge‐intensive organization. Referring to the specialized discourse practices of engineers and technicians, the article argues that the discourse practices evolving around specialized functions may lead to repeated instances of miscommunication within the organization. To reduce miscommunication, the article argues the need for an interdisciplinary approach based on a combination of linguistic and cultural analyse

ISSN:0802-6106    

DOI:10.1111/j.1473-4192.1996.tb00086.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study argues thatinformation structure managementis an important and problematic part of the competence sought by nonnative speakers, particularly for goal‐related discourse types where clarity and argumentative power play a role. Asnegotiationactivity is an important case in point, simulated negotiation material is used to show how certain non‐native structures hamper the process. Non‐natives find difficulties in condensing given information and in grounding it with the building of anaphoric relations, the placing of focus and the establishing of more global links. Conversely, natives use these categories to achieve control over the emergent negotiation pr

ISSN:0802-6106    

DOI:10.1111/j.1473-4192.1996.tb00087.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper takes as its point of departure Swales' (1990) model of research article introductions. Despite its widely acknowledged merits, this model is restricted to one genre within one type of discourse community. The present article is an attempt to apply Swales' Move‐Step approach to a different genre belonging to a different discourse community. A model of the rhetorical organization of chairmen's statements in annual reports issued by British companies is proposed. This Relationships and Confidence (RECON) model reflects the communicative purpose(s) of corporate annual reports, which is the primary determinant of genre membership. The nomenclature of the three moves in the RECON model indicates the specific non‐linguistic purposes of the introductory part of corporate annual reports: establishing the relationships between the chairman/company and the readers, maintaining confidence, and reinforcing the relationships already established. The different steps identified in the RECON model are rhetorical strategies utilized for achieving the different communicative aims, among which image creation is central. By way of a conclusion, some pedagogical potentials of a Move‐Step analysis for raising ESP students' genre awareness are discussed as a means of improving ESP co

ISSN:0802-6106    

DOI:10.1111/j.1473-4192.1996.tb00088.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Reformulation is an important discursive strategy in the language user's everyday efforts to solve communicative problems. The object of investigation in this paper is the reformulation sequence signalled byc'est‐à‐direin written French. The aim of the study presented is, in general, to throw light on the relation between form and use of this type of reformulation and, in particular, to describe its various functions. The methodological approach is that of modular linguistics, as developed by Nølke, wherein the different modules are connected by a system of global rules, assuring the coherence of the model. This paper attempts to show how a modular approach consisting of structural, semantic, pragmatic and textual components contributes to a new and accurate description of reformulation and, in particular, how modules interact and thereby assure a global perspective on the object of investig

ISSN:0802-6106    

DOI:10.1111/j.1473-4192.1996.tb00089.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study investigated the relationship of attitudes and cultural background to reading comprehension in the second language (L2) of eighth‐grade students in three different social contexts: Israeli Arab students (n=73) learning Hebrew as their L2, Israeli Jewish students (n=83) learning English as their L2, and Canadian Arab students (n=52) learning English as their L2. Eighteen stories were selected for reading, six for each of the three groups, as follows: Israeli Arab – three Arab stories in Arabic and in Hebrew translation, and three Jewish stories in Hebrew and in Arabic translation; Israeli Jewish – three Jewish stories in Hebrew and in English translation, and three western stories in English and in Hebrew translation; Canadian Arab – three Arab stories in Arabic and in English translation, and three western stories in English and in Arabic translation. The results showed that the motivation of the students to learning their L2 was instrumental rather than integrative, regardless of social context. Furthermore, in the two Israeli groups, Arab and Jewish, students better comprehended their own culture's stories regardless of the language of the story. By contrast, the results for the Canadian Arab group showed that text language, not text content, was the strongest factor affecting reading compre

ISSN:0802-6106    

DOI:10.1111/j.1473-4192.1996.tb00090.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article proposes a method of analyzing the spontaneous speech of severely agrammatic patients. Such speech typically contains few verbs, articles and pronouns and, in the absence of verbal predicates, lacks normal sentence structures, yet a sympathetic interlocutor can often understand the gist of his/her speech. The method employed here involves the description and analysis of a male patient's video‐recorded conversation with a speech therapist. By studying the output as the result of a desire to communicate with limited syntactic resources, it has been possible to highlight strategies evolved by the patient to compensate for his non‐standard speech. While further research is required into the speech of similarly affected patients, preliminary conclusions seem to point to there being some linguistic mechanisms underlying normal syntactic processing which can be resorted to in such ca

ISSN:0802-6106    

DOI:10.1111/j.1473-4192.1996.tb00091.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0802-6106    

DOI:10.1111/j.1473-4192.1996.tb00092.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0802-6106    

DOI:10.1111/j.1473-4192.1996.tb00093.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY