ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Fasciculations secondary to succinylcholine injection were prevented in surgical patients by pro treatment with adequate doses of procaine and lidocaine. Lidocaine was more effective in equal dosage. The protective effect did not appear to depend on circulatory factors or inhibition of the plasma cholinesterase system. The site of action appears to be at the myoneural junction, suggesting an effect on the acetylcholine system and pre-synaptic membrane.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Fluroxene uptake in man was determined both at constant alveolar concentration (0.25 per cent) and at constant inspired concentration (0.5 per cent). Uptake at constant alveolar concentration rapidly fell from an initial value of 15 ml. per minute at the end of one minute to 5.3 ml. per minute after 10 minutes. At the end of 62 minutes, uptake was 3.4 ml. per minute. These experimental data correlate well with predicted theoretical values. Theoretical uptake at constant inspired concentration predicts an initial value of 22 ml. per minute with a constant decrease to 2.5 ml. per minute at 60 minutes. Experimentally measured values were about 50 per cent less in the first 10 minutes and about 25 per cent greater after 30 minutes.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The effect of thiopental-cyclopropane anesthesia on cardiac output, heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure, and rate of rise of left ventricular pressure in trained dogs before and after reserpine was investigated. Each dog served as his own control both for the effect of anesthesia (conscious versus anesthetized) and the effect of reserpine on the response to anesthesia (pre-reserpine versus post-reserpine effects of anesthesia).Anesthesia caused an increase in mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate both before and after reserpine. The depressant effect of anesthesia on the rate of rise of left ventricular pressure was not altered significantly by reserpine. Cardiac output was depressed by anesthesia. The degree of depression was significantly greater following very large doses of reserpine.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Methoxamine (approximately 0.2 mg./kg. body weight; range of total dose, 4 to 30 mg.) was given by intravenous infusion to two groups of patients: (1) 5 normotensive, nonanesthetized; and (2) 7 hypotensive under spinal anesthesia. In the nonanesthetized group, the criterion for dosage of methoxamine was elevation and maintenance of arterial blood pressure 25 per cent (±10 per cent) above the resting level. In the hypertensive group, administration of vasopressor was guided by the elevation of arterial blood pressure to the pre-spinal control level. In the normotensive group, cardiac output and the heart rate were both significantly reduced, with variable changes in stroke volume. The vasopressor effect was associated with an elevated total peripheral resistance. In the hypotensive spinal group methoxamine caused variable changes in the cardiac output: increase or decrease in cardiac output depended on changes in stroke volume. The heart rate was generally reduced below the spinal level. The vasopressor effect was apparently due to the elevated total peripheral resistance and, in some instances, to an increased cardiac output. This increase in cardiac output depended mainly on increased stroke volume. These findings suggest that methoxamine in clinical dosage is not a myocardial depressant but a vasopressor capable of increasing the venous return to the heart which responds with increased stroke output.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The pain thresholds, to a cutaneous thermal stimulus and to a tibial pressure stimulus were measured before, during, and after the administration of nitrous oxide (25–30 per cent in oxygen), halothanc (0.5 per cent) and sodium thiopcntal (100–150 mg. in 10 minutes). The thermal pain and the tibial pressure pain thresholds rose with nitrous oxide and halothane. The thermal pain threshold rose with sodium thiopcntal but simultaneously the tibial pressure pain threshold fell. It is deduced that the sensations produced by these two stimuli are neurologically different and that the known differences between the actions of barbiturates and inhalational anesthetic drugs on presynaptic inhibition in the spinal cord can account for this differentiation.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The object of the study was to examine the efficacy of methods used in handling the aspiration syndrome. Fifty animals, grouped in two series, were studied. The first series (26 cats) served to establish the amount of 0.1 N HCl producing inflammatory changes and the time of their occurrence, and to ascertain whether the liquids and drugs used for instillation into the tracheo-bronchial tree produce morphologic changes in the lungs. The second series (24 cats) served to determine the therapeutic efficacy of instilling the aforementioned solutions and drugs after instillation of hydrochloric acid. The results obtained and a review of the experiments of others suggest that the treatment of aspiration chemical pneumonitis should be carried out by immediate instillation of small quantities of highly concentrated hydrocortisone into the tracheobronchial tree with supporting intramuscular or intravenous injections of that drug in the postoperative period, and simultaneous administration of antibiotics.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A study of the effects of hyperventilation, hypothermia and urea administration on circulation and cerebrospinal fluid pressure in the dog was made using urea in doses of 2 g./kg. and 6 g./kg. Studies were made in 10 dogs at normal body temperatures and after lowering the temperature to 28–30 C. The dose of urea that brought about a significant reduction in cerebrospinal pressure in normothermic dogs lay between 1 g. and 2 g./kg. In a previous study the dose which brought about an equal response in cooled animals lay between 1/3 g. and 1 g./kg. Adverse effects on the cardiovascular indices of ECG, blood pressure or cardiac output were not seen at either normal or lowered body temperature in either study.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Right atrial and superior vena caval O2saturations were measured in premedicated adult patients under anesthesia, 5 with ether and 5 with halothane, during surgical treatment of varicose veins. Sampling catheters were positioned by electrocordiographic techniques. Saturations were determined by in vitro reflection oximetry.Average venous O2levels were higher during ether than during halothane anesthesia. The differences were small, however, and not considered to he of functional import. Average right atrial O2levels agreed well with mixed-venous O2levels predicted from previous studies of cardiac output and O2uptake during ether or halothane anesthesia. Such measurements of right atrial O2saturation offer advantage in clinical investigations on anesthesia.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In a scries of vagotomized, decerebrated dogs, the medulla oblongata was explored for maximal “pressor” and “depressor” responses to electrical stimulation. The stimuli were delivered from a concentric needle electrode which contained a hollow core. After the most responsive areas had been located, the effects of cyclopropane, halothane, and procaine were compared by injecting through the needle a small standard volume of saline solution which contained one of these anesthetics. All three agents caused reversible depression of the responses from both pressor and depressor areas. However, the effects of halothane and procaine were equal in both areas, while cyclopropane had a disproportionately small effect upon pressor representations. When halothane and cyclopropane were compared in equinarcotic concentrations, halothane was found to depress the pressor response to twice the extent that cyclopropane did. The importance of these results in explaining the hemodynamic effects of the anesthetics is discussed.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID