ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1968

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1968

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1968

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This is a report of respiratory changes following percutaneous cervical (C2) cordotomy for intractable pain, consisting of: (1) a retrospective review of 13/200 patients with respiratory complications; and (2) a prospective study of pulmonary function in 41 patients. (1) Three of 13 patients had sleep-induced apnea following bilateral cordotomy and required artificial ventilation for 1 to 3 months. (2) Following unilateral cordotomy, mean FVC, MEFR and Pao2in all 41 patients were not lowered. Seven of 41 patients developed dyspnea post-cordotomy; two needed temporary artificial ventilation; but 6/7 had greatly reduced pulmonary function pre-cordotomy. Two developed phrenic palsy without dyspnea. Following cordotomy on the second side (17 patients) there was a significant reduction in MEFR, FVC and Pao2values, greater in the 7/17 who became dyspneic Three developed phrenic palsy with dyspnea.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1968

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

An experimental study using rabbits and cats was conducted to establish the place of endotracheal steroid therapy in the acid pulmonary aspiration syndrome (Mendelson's syndrome). Pulmonary lesions were produced readily by endotracheal injection of hydrochloric acid. Dilution of the acid with sodium bicarbonate or saline did not reduce the severity of the lesions induced. Endotracheal hydrocortisone or fluocinolone did not affect the course of the pulmonary pathology produced by hydrochloric acid of lowpH. These steroids were shown to produce lesions attributable to their endotracheal administration.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1968

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of an intravenously-given local anesthetic on impulse conduction in myelinated and nonmyelinated axons. In 13 cats, the right femoral nerve was stimulated proximally, and the compound nerve action potential recorded distally from its saphenous branch. From their respective conduction velocities, α-, δ- and C-fiber responses were identified.Intravenous lidocaine (5.0–17.5 mg./kg.) depressed response amplitude more than conduction time in δ- and C-fibers; C-fibers were more depressed than were δ-fibers. The linear log dose-effect relationship for depression of amplitude and conduction velocity by lidocaine was statistically significant for C-fibers only. Even the largest tolerated intravenous doses of lidocaine depressed the amplitude of the C-fiber potential less than 50 per cent; moreover, such doses barely affected conduction in α-fibers (less than 5 per cent). Recovery of function, slowest in C-fibers, was approximately two times faster in δ-fibers and took less than five minutes in α-fibers.Arterial hypotension produced by large doses of lidocaine evidently was not responsible for changes in nerve parameters; in contrast to the blocking sequence observed with lidocaine, ischemia profoundly depressed conduction in α-fibers and had little immediate effect on C-fibers.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1968

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1968

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Subarachnoid block under normovolemic conditions was compared with subarachnoid block after 10 ml. of whole blood per kilogram of body weight had been removed in 15 unpremedicated, normal human volunteers. Each subject served as his own control. The results of cardiovascular and blood gas measurements revealed significant reductions in mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, stroke volume and central venous pressure after acute blood loss. Mean arterial pressure was about 30 per cent below the control value, cardiac output was reduced 15 per cent, stroke volume had decreased 12 to 22 per cent, and central venous pressure was 66 per cent below the control value. Subarachnoid block should be used with caution in the presence of acute untreated blood loss.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1968

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The effects of halothane anesthesia and cyclopropane anesthesia on vascular smooth muscle and reflex adjustments of peripheral vascular resistance were studied in the isolated innervated dog gracilis muscle cross-perfused with donor blood. Administration of halothane (1.5%) or cyclopropane (35%) to the donor animal resulted in vasoconstriction in the gracilis muscle. Vasoconstrictor responses to local injection of norepinephrine were unchanged by cyclopropane and depressed significantly by halothane. Vascular resistance in the muscle was not altered by administration of halothane or cyclopropane to the recipient animal. Reflex vasoconstriction was depressed by halothane and by cyclopropane in the recipient animal, whereas reflex vasodilatation was unaffected by either agent. We conclude that both depression of vascular responsiveness to norepinephrine and interference with reflex vasoconstriction contribute to the hypotension ordinarily observed with halothane anesthesia. No evidence was found for activation of the sympathetic nervous system or sensitization of vascular smooth muscle to norepinephrine by cyclopropane. The maintenance or slight elevation of blood pressure observed with cyclopropane anesthesia may well be related to the direct vascular smooth muscle-stimulating activity of this agent.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1968

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Vasoconstrictor responses produced by halothane (1.5%) and by cyclopropane (35%) in the perfused dog gracilis muscle persisted in the face of complete blockade of alpha-adrenergic receptors, indicating that the responses were not mediated by systemic or local release of catecholamines. Utilizing extracorporeal perfusion of the muscle, vasoconstriction produced by cyclopropane was found to be the result of a direct stimulant action on vascular smooth muscle, whereas the direct effect of halothane was one of depression. The vasoconstriction with halothane was shown to be mediated indirectly through liberation from the hypophysis of a substance which is probably antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin). It is suggested that the indirect vasoconstrictor effect of halothane, by opposing the direct vascular depressant action, makes an important contribution to the overall hemodynamic consequences of halothane anesthesia.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1968

数据来源: OVID