摘要:

The clinical, X-rays, cytological and histological findings in some benign lesions may simulate breast cancer. The lesions that can give rise to an incorrect diagnosis of breast cancer after clinical examination are fat necrosis, plasma cell mastitis and certain types of chronic abscess or oedema. Similarly, an erythema of the nipple cannot be distinguished clinically from Paget’s disease. In all such problematic cases, further examinations (X-rays, ultrasonography, cytology and even histology) are required to obtain the correct diagnosi

ISSN:1018-8843    

DOI:10.1159/000269117

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Breast cancer can be proved by means of mammography in more than 90% of all cases even when clinically not palpable. However, certain benign lesions of parenchyma and skin show the appearance of malignomas. In these rare instances the histological examination may be surprising. Though there is only 1 carcinoma in 3–4 biopsies of the breast in our patients, the clinically or mammographically suspicious lesion always has to be examined by histological chec

ISSN:1018-8843    

DOI:10.1159/000269118

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1018-8843    

DOI:10.1159/000268958

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Three points are discussed: first, the diagnostic value of thermography in lesions of the breast simulating clinically and/or radiologically a cancer; among these lesions one finds granulomatous mastitis, fat necrosis, phyllod tumors, atypical abscesses, atypical fibroadenomas, inflamed cysts, Mondor’s disease, sclerosing adenosis, intracanalicular hyperplasia and the microcalcifications of common dysplasias; second, lesions exhibiting a benign clinical and radiological appearance but sometimes causing important hyperthermia, such as some gynecomastias, depressed scars and some cutaneous lesions. Finally, the significance of a positive thermogram in a clinically and radiologically normal-looking breast is discussed. According to a number of foreign workers, such breasts are at high risk and must be followed up carefull

ISSN:1018-8843    

DOI:10.1159/000269120

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1018-8843    

DOI:10.1159/000268959

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Various mammary lesions may offer considerable clinical as well as histological difficulties concerning the biological behaviour. Among them are sclerosing adenosis, ductular papillomas, proliferating types of fibrocystic disease and lobular neoplasia. Between 1975 and 1978 3,243 mammary specimens were examined: 36% were carcinomas and very rare other primary malignancies, 12% sclerosing adenosis, 11% cysts, 12% benign tumors (fibroadenoma etc.), 28% fibrous cystic disease of which 6% were of the proliferating type. Nearly 0.6% were lobular neoplasia (so-called non-invasive lobular carcinoma, lobular carcinoma in situ). Lobular neoplasia shows a higher risk of developing into carcinoma than do the proliferative fibrocystic lesions. However, lobular neoplasia without concomitant carcinoma should not be interpreted as malignant, allowing a more conservative therapy. The histopathologic diagnosis is subject to limitations due to the technique of tissue sampling and examination. Borderline cases deserve extensive and careful scrutiny and should not be judged by intraoperative frozen sections alone.

ISSN:1018-8843    

DOI:10.1159/000269121

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1018-8843    

DOI:10.1159/000268960

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The cytologic diagnosis of the following diseases of the mammary glands may be difficult: lobular carcinoma, sclerosing adenosis, proliferative mastopathy with cell atypia, inflammatory carcinoma and virile carcinoma. The cytologic pattern of these and other diseases of the mammary glands is demonstrated and discussed.

ISSN:1018-8843    

DOI:10.1159/000269122

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1018-8843    

DOI:10.1159/000268961

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1018-8843    

DOI:10.1159/000268962

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger