摘要:

No abstract available for this article.

ISSN:0363-0242    

DOI:10.1300/J013v11n03_01

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Descriptive patterns of cancer among American women are presented utilizing national mortality statistics and data from several National Cancer Institute incidence surveys, the Connecticut Tumor Registry, the End Results Group Program, and the current Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. From 1950 to 1980, deaths from cancer among women have become more numerous, but the overall age-adjusted mortality rates have not increased. Among white females, incidence and mortality rates for cancers of the stomach and cervix uteri have declined substantially during this time period, whereas lung cancer rates have increased dramatically. Improvements in survival rates are noteworthy for several types of cancer, including the leukemias, Hodgkin's disease, and the non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. There are substantial differences between the races and sexes in incidence rates by cancer site, and some differences in survival rates are also apparent. In the future, the numbers of women diagnosed with cancer will continue to increase as the larger cohorts of younger women age and as other causes of death continue to decline, with consequent increases in longevity. However, with the exception of lung cancer, large increases in rates for the common forms of cancer among women are not apparent.

ISSN:0363-0242    

DOI:10.1300/J013v11n03_02

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper considers the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and survival from breast and cervical cancers, two major health problems for women. For both cancers, lower SES women appear to have poorer survival. Factors which may account for this are discussed, including biological and nutritional factors. Major emphasis is placed on early detection since this appears to play a critical role in the survival differential. Factors which act as barriers to early detection among poor women are considered, including those related both to the health behaviors of the poor and to the health care system available to the poor.

ISSN:0363-0242    

DOI:10.1300/J013v11n03_04

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Self-reported behavior and attitudes toward breast self-examination (BSE) among 230 female college students age 20 and older revealed that less than one in four were compliant with American Cancer Society recommendations of monthly practice. Respondents were classified as examiners (N = 113) if they reported BSE practice at least 6 times a year. A discriminant analysis produced a significant degree of separation between examiners and nonexaminers (xZ(3) = 90.199, p<.005) and identified three variables which significantly discriminated the groups. Examiners were (a) more familiar with BSE, (b) more worried about cancer, and (c) more willing to increase their knowledge about BSE. Initial exposure to BSE was from physicians or print media; however, subjects expressed a preference for learning more about the technique in a person-toperson setting with another woman or women. Respondents reported that reminders would be likely to increase BSE frequency.

ISSN:0363-0242    

DOI:10.1300/J013v11n03_05

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This study of 154 men and 152 women with cancer of the colon or rectum addresses the lag between the first recognition of symptoms and the securing of definitive diagnosis and treatment. Total treatment delay is divided into two categories: patient delay, or the lag between the patient's fust recognition of symptoms and first physician contact; diagnostic delay, or the lag between the patient's first physician contact and treatment. The results do not support the contention that women are more prone than men to respond to cancer symptoms; women in this sample are not more likely than men to recognize and respond to symptoms and seek care. The results suggest that, among patients with cancer of the rectum, women are more likely than men to delay in seeking care. Among patients with cancer of the colon, women are more likely than men to experience diagnostic delay.

ISSN:0363-0242    

DOI:10.1300/J013v11n03_06

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In the United States, medical services are organized to provide acute and chronic care. In such a system, people may not receive the routine preventive care necessary for the maintenance of their health. This study, conducted in the model family practice clinic of a residency training program, reports on the use of a preventive health measure (i.e., Pap smears) in a potentially highrisk population. The odds of receiving the Pap smear were calculated for selected variables for 253 patients. The most important variables for distinguishing the outcome (Paptno Pap) were age and the medical reason for the visit. Although there was some indication that high-risk women were targeted for screening, our findings most suongly supported the claim that Pap smears were performed in this setting when they were requested, required, or convenient.

ISSN:0363-0242    

DOI:10.1300/J013v11n03_07

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Self-concept and social function following radical, modified radical or simple mastectomy for Stage I or II breast cancer, breast biopsy for benign breast disease, cholecystectomy or no operative procedure were measured across a fifteen-month period in a cross-sectional design and across a twelve-month period in a repeated measures design. Women selected for study were without other preexisting mental or physical illness. The degree of disability observed following mastectomy was considerably less than previously reported in uncontrolled studies, with the incidence of actual disturbance extremely small. Women receiving adjuvant therapies following mastectomy, but not women treated by mastectomy alone, reported significantly more body-image dissatisfaction and feminine selfimage concerns than the comparison groups. The findings refute previously published impressions of severe psychosocial maladjustments following mastectomy. The study suggests that post-mastectomy women vulnerable to poorer outcome would be those with lower expectations of good quality social support, other present life stressors, other pre-existing chronic diseases, and a disposition to believe in life outcomes as less under their own control.

ISSN:0363-0242    

DOI:10.1300/J013v11n03_08

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A laryngectomy can be a traumatic operation, emotionally as well as physically. A female laryngectomee describes the emotional and physical problems that women face following this operation, especially in dealing with the complete and permanent loss of speech, and in managing a disfiguring stoma in the neck area. Support of family and friends, assistance of an experienced speech pathologist. and guidance from other caring health professionals all play a vital role in helping the laryngectomee master esophageal speech and begin once again to lead a full, productive life.

ISSN:0363-0242    

DOI:10.1300/J013v11n03_09

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Working women who have a cancer history, or who have some responsibility for the care of relatives with cancer, often face a cluster of attitudes and behaviors in their employers and co-workers to which individuals touched by other kinds of illness are not exposed. Patients and caregivers may find that others in the work environment are compassionate and helpful in many ways, but may also encounter considerable hostility and fear expressed verbally or as shunning or other attitudinal problems in the worksite. They may also be targets of overt or covert discrimination. These problems are explored using data from three recent studies on workplace experi: ences of white collar and blue collar workers who had recovered from cancer, and of former pediatric cancer patients.

ISSN:0363-0242    

DOI:10.1300/J013v11n03_10

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The hospice movement has grown extensively in the last ten years. This article examines the role of women in hospice, components of hospice care and a profile of 544 admissions to an inpatient hospice unit over a five year period. Case studies are given to illustrate the needs of women in hospice. Regulatory processes facing hospice programs today are reviewed.

ISSN:0363-0242    

DOI:10.1300/J013v11n03_11

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor