摘要:

SUMMARYA method is described for aseptically dispensing definite volumes of agar media of known pH, thus eliminating the use of tubes or McCartney bottles for storage.

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1961.tb00226.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1961

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYPlate counts at 20° on the skin and flesh of distant water cod landed at Hull were within the ranges 4·2 × 103–3°6 × 107/cm2and 2·3 × 103–2·4 × 106/g, respectively, with median values of approximately 106/cm2and 105/g. The counts at 37° were considerably lower. A light but general contamination of the fish withEscherichia coliI and the presence of occasional coagulase positive staphylococci were observed. Organisms of the salmonella‐shigella groups were not detected.PseudomonasandAchromobacterwere the dominant genera and formed from 4% to 84%, and 3% to 65% of the total flora, respectively. Corynebacteria were usually present and in one case constituted 50% of the flesh flora. The significance of these findings in relation to proposed bacteriological standards for cleanliness of perishable foods and to the spoilage of fi

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1961.tb00227.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1961

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA two stage continuous flow apparatus with a first stage working volume of 2–3 1. and a second stage working volume of 6–14 1. is described.Each stage has separate controls over the environmental factors; temperature, pH value and nutrient supply; and over foaming.In the first stage the dilution rate is altered by changing the flow rate; in the second stage the dilution rate is altered by changing the working volume.The apparatus has proved suitable for the continuous culture of a filamentous mould, which is more exacting from the engineering standpoint than culture of bacte

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1961.tb00228.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1961

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe morphology ofVibrio fetus, and of some nonpathogenic vibrios isolated from cattle, has been compared with that of 5 type cultures ofVibriospp., includingV. cholerae, and the systematic position of these bovine vibrios reviewed. Morphological differences betweenV. fetusand the nonpathogenic bovine vibrios have been observed. These may be of assistance in their identification.

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1961.tb00229.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1961

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1961.tb00230.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1961

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYSpore, vegetative O and vegetative H agglutinogens were demonstrated as separate entities inBacillusspecies. Spore precipitinogens were distinct from those of the vegetative stage, the latter being associated with the H antigen.Injection of viable spores into rabbits resulted in the formation of antibodies for the vegetative phase as well as spore antibodies, while injection of autoclaved spores gave rise to spore antibodies only.Spore agglutinogens varied in their strain specificity,B. cereusandB. megateriumespecially showing much subspecies specificity, but the spore precipitinogens showed a high degree of species specificity and could be of considerable taxonomic value. The multiplicity of spore precipitinogens in certain species was demonstrated and inter‐species cross reactions were studie

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1961.tb00231.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1961

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe juice pressed from twelve varieties of tobacco, and materials extracted with ether from these plants, frequently displayed antibacterial activity against several species of bacteria. Some varietal difference in activity towardsPs. tabaciwas observed, and there is a suggestion of some correlation between this and resistance to ‘Wildfire

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1961.tb00232.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1961

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYGrass, after (a) mincing, (b) chopping (to 1–3 cm), and (c) neither treatment, was ensiled at 30° in the laboratory. The growth of Gram‐negative organisms and of each of the main groups of lactic acid bacteria was fastest in the minced material and slowest in the untreated. Mincing had the special effect of permitting the multiplication of lactic acid bacteria when other silage organisms were losing viability. The pH value decreased much more rapidly and to lower levels in minced silage than it did in silage of untreated grass. Variations in response to the treatments were associated with differences in the bacterial populations on the fresh grass and with properties of the grass. Silage made in larger quantities in concrete silos from untreated or lacerated grass of high sugar content had a bacterial population dominated by lactobacilli and was of low pH irrespective of the treatment applied. Silage made at 30° in the laboratory from the same herbage showed that the effects of laceration were considerable and similar to those of mi

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1961.tb00233.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1961

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA comparison has been made of the disinfecting efficiency on cows' teats of a hypochlorite and a quaternary ammonium disinfectant. Little difference in efficiency was found between the disinfectants when used at 200 p/m. Hypochlorite was slightly more effective in eliminating coli‐aerogenes bacteria, but there was no evidence of greater survival of other Gram‐negative organisms with the quaternary disinfectant. Micrococci were the main survivors and, in summer, coagulase positive staphylococci formed a considerable proportion of th

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1961.tb00234.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1961

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThree strains ofPseudomonasMigula, capable of utilizing phenol and other aromatic compounds as sole sources of carbon, are described. They resemble certain strains ofPs. aeruginosaandP. fluorescensexcept in this ability.

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1961.tb00235.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1961

数据来源: WILEY