摘要:

AbstractDespite the success that behavior therapy has demonstrated in treating severely mentally ill adults, widespread impact of behavioral treatments on this population has been limited because the staff of many inpatient settings do not routinely utilize these strategies. Surveying staff regarding their perception of programatic and organizational needs is proposed as a valuable first step for selecting behavioral strategies to be introduced in these settings. Goldfried and D'Zurilla (1969) developed a behavioral assessment survey that is especially useful for identifying staff needsvis‐à‐visbehavioral rehabilitation. Using these strategies, survey questions addressed five problem areas: Administrative, Staff, Patient, Resource, and Programatic. Results using this survey with 40 clinicians on the extended care unit of a state hospital showed that staff members had greatest concern with the Patient Problem Area (i.e., aversive patient behaviors that are not sufficiently addressed by treatment plans). Further analyses showed staff members were interested in addressing Patient concerns using incentive procedures. The needs assessment in this study not only provided useful information that might be generalized to other treatment settings, but also showcased a reliable survey approach that program developers might implement prior to designing training curricula for behaviorally naive staff in inpatient sett

ISSN:1072-0847    

DOI:10.1002/bin.2360090102

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn area of traditional as well as recent concern in congregate settings for people with severe disabilities is ensuring frequent social interactions between direct service staff and individuals who live in the residences. This study evaluated a program for training staff to interact frequently and positively across clients while in group situations in living units. The program involved a short classroom instructional session encompassing less than 1 h, followed by a maximum of 4 brief on‐the‐job observations and feedback sessions. Results indicated interaction rates of all 9 participating direct service staff increased above a normative criterion rate while participating in the training program. All staff also increased the proportion of their social interactions with clients that were positive in nature, and 6 of the 9 staff increased their distribution of interactions across clients. The improved interaction performances occurred when staff were provided with immediate on‐the‐job feedback regarding their performances as well as when provided with delayed feedback. Acceptability measures indicated the training program was well received by staff, although program components also were noted that may have affected staff acceptance differentially. Directions for future research are suggested in regard to further evaluating and increasing staff acceptance of effective training pro

ISSN:1072-0847    

DOI:10.1002/bin.2360090103

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTransferring the technology derived from research into the routine operation of professionals serving developmentally disabled clients may present a challenge. Assuming this is due in part to the contingencies operating within the system, methods need to be sought to alter the way they are arranged. Performance management (PM) lends itself to this type of organizational change. In the present case example, the management of psychological services at an institution for developmentally disabled people was reorganized to incorporate the key elements of PM: Selecting contextually relevant and appropriate goals (i.e., consonant with the state, institution, departmental, unit and individual client objectives), devising and applying measures of relevant performances, and intervening with feedback, reinforcement and goal setting while evaluating ongoing change. The self‐selection and completion of goals among the 40 professionals participating in 4 groups was supported by biweekly review and reinforcement sessions plus occasional delivery of extrinsic rewards. Professionals increased the number of goals they reported accomplishing and the number they planned to achieve gradually began to match more closely the number reported accomplished. Results were sufficiently promising to encourage future functional analyses of such an organizational operation as well as of the components that might contribute most heavily to its succes

ISSN:1072-0847    

DOI:10.1002/bin.2360090104

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBehavioral treatment of challenging behaviors, such as aggression, self‐injury, property destruction, and stereotyped movement is often a priority in residential facilities for persons with developmental disabilities. If these behaviors occur when the client is otherwise unengaged, a potentially effective treatment may be to provide alternative activities. In the present study, 3 adults with severe disabilities were observed. During baseline, these 3 individuals frequently displayed challenging behavior at times when they were otherwise unengaged. Opportunities to participate in leisure activities were then provided to each client in a multiple‐baseline design. Provision of leisure opportunities was associated with increased adaptive behavior and collateral reductions in problem behaviors. The effectiveness of the intervention procedures suggest that these challenging behaviors may have been related to the lack of alternative activit

ISSN:1072-0847    

DOI:10.1002/bin.2360090105

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFive individuals who live in community residences and have moderate to severe intellectual disabilities participated in a descriptive study examining the covariation of community activities with social interactions. The purpose of the study was to determine if manipulation of activity patterns could be a viable strategy for improving social networks and social integration. A descriptive comparison of pre‐ and postmeasures indicated that an intervention focused on social activity patterns was associated with increases in community activities, and that increases in the frequency of community activities was correlated with increases in the size of social network and the frequency with which participants experienced social integration with people other than staff and fellow program participant

ISSN:1072-0847    

DOI:10.1002/bin.2360090106

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractData were collected from documentation from an annual IPP system on the technical adequacy of goals set and subsequently achieved. Goal characteristics coded included functionality of goal set (natural environment, natural materials, and age‐appropriateness), ideological characteristics (community presence, choices and decisions, maintaining and developing competence, positive social role, and community participation), behavioral technical adequacy (named person responsible, achievement date, and stated in measurable terms), and curriculum domain. Multiple regression analysis revealed that goals that were written in a technically correct fashion and that involved functional skills were more likely to be achieved. A greater variety of life goals predicted fewer goals being achieve

ISSN:1072-0847    

DOI:10.1002/bin.2360090107

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1072-0847    

DOI:10.1002/bin.2360090101

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY