ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1981.tb05888.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1981.tb05889.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1981.tb05890.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Prospective randomized controlled clinical trials are a powerful tool for unbiased comparative evaluation of alternative treatment policies. Such trials must include relatively large numbers of patients, usually beyond the resources of any one clinical centre. Collaboration between centres is usually necessary and inevitably causes problems of communication at all stages of trial design and execution. Trial design demands agreement on the prior data base, and the writing of a trial protocol. The protocol must include precise depiction of trial objectivsa, eligibility criteria, randomization procedures, treatment policies, the end points by which effectiveness will be measured, and the records to be kept. It will also contain sections describing the scientific background and rationale of the trial, and statistical and ethical considerations. Once the trial is in progress, information must flow from the participating clinical institutions to a coordinating data centre; this will usually require the use of specially designed data collection forms. Most trials will require separate forms for initial registration, pre‐therapy baseline information, sequential evaluation (flow sheet), and summaries when the patient reaches defined end‐points. Additional forms may document specific treatment details, evaluation by a reviewer, and patient self‐assessment scores or autopsy details. Attention to these aspects of study design will avoid later problems of misinterpretation, and will facilitate accurate and timely acquisition of data. Information flow from the coordinating centre to trial participants is also important, in order to maintain interest and patient ac

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1981.tb05891.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The results of cancer management are frequently presented in a way such that the only comparison that can be made between treatments is that of fixed term survival. Very few reports attempt to include an analysis of the effect of second line therapy or a comparison of the different morbidities of different treatments. Techniques now exist (one of these is the concept of treatment utility) which take into account not only the probability of the outcome of a treatment but also the quality of that outcome. To expand this concept requires research in cancer management to be directed to the production of numerical values for treatment toxicity, pain, disability and mutilation, in addition to the conventional survival rates. This paper examines the concept of treatment utility when a comparison is made between two treatments which produce differences in surivval but only one of which is associated with significant permanent disability.

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1981.tb05892.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We set out to define the place for therapy with fluorouracil in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Sixty‐three patients with stage D2cancers were observed for seventeen months to five years from the time of diagnosis. Thirty patients received fluorouracil in various regimens. Nineteen patients were not referred for chemotherapy, a further eleven were excluded because their condition was terminal, and three could not be evaluated. Ten patients had either partial or complete response to fluorouracil; their median survival was 25 months. Twenty patients who did not respond to fluorouracil had a median survival of 11 months, whereas the non‐treated group had a median survival of 15 months. The difference between the responders and the of her groups was highly signific

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1981.tb05893.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1981.tb05894.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of a combination of 5‐FU and BCNU in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. Patients whose cancer was recurrent following surgery or in whom surgery was deemed inappropriate were entered in the study and given the two‐drug combination at six‐weekly intervals until either death or clear progression of disease occurred. Five of twenty‐eight patients had unequivocal regression of their disease. The early optimism for this form of therapy in advanced gastric cancer is not supported by thi

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1981.tb05895.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Aminoglutethimide inhibited adrenal steroid synthesis, as assessed by serial estimations of plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate in ten patients with advanced breast cancer. There was a favourable response in seven out of the ten patients, and in four there was an objective remission using UICC criteria. Favourable responses were more common in patients who had shown similar responses to previous endrocrine therapy, especially a response to tamoxifen. Side effects were mild: two patients exhibited a drug sensitivity reaction, but neither required cessation of therapy. Adrenal suppression by aminoglutethimide is effective and well tolerated, and is therefore preferable to surgical adrenalectomy in the treatment of advanced breast cancer.

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1981.tb05896.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Mebendazole was given as definitive therapy to four patients with cystic hydatid disease of the liver who were later explored surgically. Viable hydatid material was removed from two patients after continuous therapy with 40 mg/kg/day for eight and three months respectively. The hydatid material was necrotic in the of her two patients. This drug appeared to be ineffective as definitive treatment of two of these four patients with established hydatid disease of the liver.

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1981.tb05897.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY