摘要:

Summary1The distribution of fluid and electrolytes in the three body compartments has been stated.2The regulation of fluid and electrolyte intake and output has been discussed, and the way this regulation may be upset has been pointed out.3The calculation of the various fluid and electrolyte deficits is described. The value of the Scribner method of calculating the twenty‐four hour loss is stressed.4The various repair solutions and their appropriate applications are described.5The importance of early restoration of normal renal function is stressed.6Potassium metabolism is discussed in a tabulated form.7The effects of operationper seon fluid and electrolyte regulation are discusse

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1960.tb03841.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary1In a baby, P.D., aged one month who died in renal failure, microdissection of the nephrons in the single large abnormal hydronephrotic kidney, associated with definite organic ureteral stricture in the upper ureter, revealed an extraordinary variation in structure from hypoplastic nephrons or parts thereof to the immensely hyperplastic units. These structures and their measurements are compared with those of a normal kidney and a kidney showing moderate hydronephrosis of unknown origin.2Greatest enlargement was in length and diameter of the convoluted tubules and in the diameter of the largest collecting tubules.3A gradation between almost normal elements to the grossly hypertropic nephrons, which made up the majority of the nephron population, was seen.4Localized abnormalities, scattered sporadically in a bizarre fashion along the length of a tubule were frequently seen.5Not only were there nephrons of grossly abnormal size, but also nephrons with gross abnormalities of structure. Gradations between these abnormal nephrons and isolated cystic bodies of glomerular, but also of possible tubular origin, were common.6Extensive infection in the peritubular connective tissues, without necessarily involving the continuity of tubules passing through such granulation tissues, was the usual finding.7Gast material was frequently seen within tubular lumens, more clearly in collecting tubules. These casts did not appear in any instance to block tubules completely. No collapse below nor dilatation above the site of the material was seen.8Quantitative nephron dimensions from three babes aged one month illustrate the enormous variation that can occur even at this young age.9The existence of extraglomerular blood vessels to tubules in this abnormal kidney was demonstrated.

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1960.tb03842.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1960.tb03843.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1960.tb03844.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryPerineal incisional hernia following ab‐domino‐perineal excision of the rectum is discussed, with special reference to the incidence, pathology, and a recommended technique for surgical repair.A case of post operative perineal hernia following abdomino‐perincal excision of the rectum, successfully treated by surgical repair, is rep

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1960.tb03845.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary1An account is given of the series of changes observed in the healing of an end‐in‐end anastomosis constructed in the rates ileum.2It was found that mucosal continuity was re‐established mainly by the contraction of newly formed granulation tissue on the peritoneal surface of the intussuscepted bowel.3Some aspects of stricture formation are disc

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1960.tb03846.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary1The history of appendicitis mortality prior to 1933 is briefly reviewed.2Mortality statistics for appendicitis in Australia from 1933 to 1957 are presented, both for the population as a whole, and for the various age groups. A remarkable reduction in mortality rates is in evidence.3Possible reasons for the improving prognosis are advanced. These possibilities ar.e examined in the light of two series of appendicitis cases from the Royal Adelaide Hospital (Series A from 1936‐8, Series B from 1956‐7). Antibiotics, intestinal decompression and intravenous infusions appear to have been the main factors contributing to the improved prognosis. This improvement has occurred principally in the group of perforative‐appendicitis.4The graver prognosis of appendicitis in the aged is shown; and factors responsible for this are summarized. This older group remains a challenge for further improvement.5Post‐operative complications in the Royal Adelaide Hospital Series are r

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1960.tb03847.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1960.tb03848.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryAs the digital diagnosis of carcinoma of the prostate is open to a significant error, oestrogen therapy or radical surgery should not be begun on this evidence alone. Some confirmatory evidence should be obtained.Trocar perineal biopsy is a useful method of confirming the diagnosis in:(a) Cases in within carcinoma is suspected clinically.(b) Hard nodules in the prostate.(c) Cases with extensive osteosclerotic lesions in which the prostate is not unduly hard.The Veenema trocar gives a simple and effective method of performing this with a good degree of accuracy and a minimum of complications.

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1960.tb03849.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1960.tb03850.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY