摘要:

AbstractThe 1980s witnessed a considerable increase in the rate of growth of manufacturing productivity in Britain. This paper attempts to reveal the extent of systematic change at the work‐place which was associated with this improvement. The study focuses on changes in working practices introduced concurrently with negotiations over wage increases; in every year throughout the decade around one third of wage settlements involving trade unions included productivity enhancing change. It is argued that the discipline of competitive pressure and the absence of incomes policy gave rise to the growth in the incidence of wage negotiations which featured a productivity elemen

ISSN:0007-1080    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8543.1991.tb00224.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper provides a brief review of the empirical evidence on union productivity effects in Germany. The influence of trade unions on productivity is the net effect of conflicting forces which can lead to higher or lower productivity. Although the German dual system of workers' representation via unions and works councils is quite favourable to the existence of productivity‐enhancing ‘voice’ effects, various empirical studies have not been able to detect significant positive net effects of these institutions on product

ISSN:0007-1080    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8543.1991.tb00225.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article sets out to examine the impact of ‘new industrial relations’ techniques on worker attitudes to management and to worker‐management relations. We found 17 case studies of share schemes, profit‐sharing, quality circles and autonomous work‐groups which reported relevant evidence on worker attitudes. Although workers often welcome new industrial relations techniques, there is very little evidence of any impact on ‘them and us’ attitudes. Drawing on social‐psychological theories of attitude change, the persistence of ‘them and us’ attitudes can be explained by the ways in which new industrial relations techniques have been implemented and managed in organisations. Workers have often lacked choice over participation in new schemes; there has been a lack of trust between the parties involved, together with inequality in status and benefits and a lack of institutional support for the schemes among senior management. It is argued that these conditions explain the failure of new organisational initiatives to bring about changes in ‘t

ISSN:0007-1080    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8543.1991.tb00226.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInformation contained in the two work‐place industrial relations surveys reveals that the proportion of employees, both manual and non‐manual, in private sector establishments which recognised trade unions declined in the period 1980‐84. The various pieces of analysis undertaken in this paper reveal that establishment closures and employment reduction concentrated among relatively large sized establishments were a major source of the observed decline in union organis

ISSN:0007-1080    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8543.1991.tb00227.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper uses Australian cross‐sectional data to examine the determinants of individual union membership. It analyses the separate effect of three groups of variables on the probability of unionisation: personal attributes, occupational and industry‐related characteristics, and social and attitudinal factors. While the personal attributes of an employee were found to have little effect on union status, the other two groups of variables added significantly to the explained variance in union membership. An important finding of the study was that certain attitudes, ideologies and social values were clearly associated with variations in union sta

ISSN:0007-1080    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8543.1991.tb00228.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA particular dimension of organisational commitment, namely identity of workers with the values and decisions of an organisation was explored with 716 employees in three electronics plants; 46 per cent belonged to trade unions. The study examined the extent, the causes and the consequences of dual allegiance to company and union, single allegiance to one or allegiance to neither. Less than 10 per cent displayed dual allegiance and a majority displayed allegiance to neither organisation. The best predictors of allegiance were perceptions of trade union performance and job satisfaction. Those showing dual allegiance also indicated lowest propensity to leave the company. These results, from a key sector of manufacturing industry, show little evidence of high employee involvement. The most typical response would appear to be: ‘a plague on both your houses

ISSN:0007-1080    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8543.1991.tb00229.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis personal annual review examines recent events, particularly in the trade unions but also among employers, in the context of the changed environment of the last decade. It finds that unions have emerged both strengthened and weakened from their experiences, but that they have some reasons for optimism. Employers' policies remain uncertain, mixing change and stability, but perhaps some new patterns towards union recognition are emerging. Neither unions nor employers have been able to match actions to their grander designs. The latest piece of labour legislation — the Employment Act 1990 — has the potential greatly to alter both the particular and the gene

ISSN:0007-1080    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8543.1991.tb00230.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the impact of unions on the investment rate in British industry. On the basis of an analysis of some 72 industries in the manufacturing sector, we find that, ceteris paribus, firms that recognize manual unions and have an average level of union density invest some 23 per cent less than firms that do not recognize unions. However, once we allow for union effects on wages and productivity, this overall effect is reduced to between 4 and 13 per cent, depending on the degree of competition in the product market.

ISSN:0007-1080    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8543.1991.tb00231.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper explores the influences that unionisation may have on managerial processes to improve productivity. Unionisation is cast as a contextual variable, along with sector, size and culture. A recently established Singapore data base of employees' perceptions of corporate productivity practices is used to detect such possible influences. Regression analysis, with productivity practice as a dependent variable, suggests that unionisation explains some of the variations in such practices.

ISSN:0007-1080    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8543.1991.tb00232.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Managers as Employees: An International Comparison of the Changing Character of Managerial Employmentedited by Myron J. RoomkinManagement Control and Union Power: A Study of Labour Relations in Coal Miningby Christine Edwards and Edmund HeeryClass, Power and Technology: Skilled Workers in Britain and Americaby Roger PennManagement and Labour in Europe: The Industrial Enterprise in Germany, Britain and France by C. Lane. Edward ElgarNew Forms of Work Organisation in Europeedited by Peter GrootingsCulture, Control and Commitmentby James R. Lincoln and Arne L. KallebergContinuous Improvement: Quality Control Circles in Japanese Industryby Paul Lillrank and Noriaki KanoState and Society in Post‐War Japanby Bernard EcclestonCurrent Issues in Labour Relations: An International Perspectiveedited by A. Gladstone, R. Lansbury, J. Stieber, T. Treu and M. WeissSocialisation and Learning at Workedited by H. Leymann and Hy KornbluhReluctant Entrepreneurs: The Extent, Achievements and Significance of Worker Takeovers in Europeby Rob PatonIndustrial Relations in Small Firms: Small Isn't Beautifulby Al RainnieSocial Power and the Labour Market: A Radical Approach to Labour Economicsby David Pur

ISSN:0007-1080    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8543.1991.tb00233.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY