摘要:

SUMMARYThe genusOmphalinais emended to include only those species having yellow to orange pigments in some portion of the basidiocarp. Fourteen taxa are recognized in the North American flora. The varietyO. chrysophyllavar.salmonisporais described as new. The new combinations proposed are:Omphalina occidentalis, O. sphagnophila, O. hudsoniana, O. hoffmanii, Clitocybe isabellina.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1970.12018941

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1970

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYThe literature on the entomogenous fungal genusTarichium(Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae) has been reviewed. There are 32 alleged species, assigned mainly on the basis of resting spore morphology. Many of these are not well known because their descriptions have appeared in publications difficult to obtain; none has been cultured on artificial medium.It is recommended that 25 species, for which a conidial“state”is still unknown, be designated by the provisional term“Entomophthora (Tarichium).”Another two have been placed in the genusEntomophthoraand five are regarded as uncertain as to genus.Two keys have been designed, one based on the known characteristics of the resting spores and the other on the host.It is apparent that as more becomes known about these species, it will be necessary to discuss the identity or validity of some of them.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1970.12018942

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1970

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYDuring 1964–1968 in Indiana, samples of dent corn kernels were obtained from fields at harvest, from cribs, bins and experimental storage tests. The Penicillia which emerged from surface-disinfected kernels, plated on malt-salt and on PDA containing Tergitol NPX and Chlortetracycline, were isolated and identified. Penicillia were found consistently in unstored corn (6.4% of kernels infected), in crib samples (13.4%), and in commercial samples of poor quality (21%).Penicillium oxalicumandP. funiculosumwere the chief species isolated from unstored kernels, althoughP. cyclopiumwas found consistently in small amounts, whileP. cyclopium, P. brevi-compactumandP. viridicatumwere the chief species isolated from stored kernels. The following were infrequent from either or both sources:P. luteum, P. frequentans, P. implicatum, P. Charlesii, P. purpurogenum, P. multicolor, P. variable, P. citrinum, P. steckii, P. urticae, P. palitans, P. puberulum, P. chrysogenum, P. digitatum, P. janthinellum, P. expansum, P. granulatum.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1970.12018943

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1970

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYTemperature and moisture requirements for germination of conidia and growth on agar were determined for 14 species ofPenicilliumisolated from corn kernels. Species isolated mainly from unharvested corn grew on agar from 8–35 C, optimally at 30–35 C, and could germinate and sporulate at RH of 86% and above. Species isolated mainly from stored corn grew on agar from–2 to 30–35 C, optimally at 23 C, and could germinate and sporulate at RH of 81–83%. Six species,P. oxalicumandP. funiculosum, the 2 chief field species,P. cyclopium, P. viridicatumandP. brevi-compactum, the 3 chief storage species, andP. expansumwere inoculated in equal concentrations into NaClO-treated and untreated lots of 18 and 22% moisture corn (wet wt) and incubated for 13 weeks at 4–35 C.Penicillium funiculosumdid not grow.Penicillium oxalicumgrew only at 35 C in NaClO-treated 22% moisture corn. In treated and non-treated 22% corn,P. cyclopiumandP. viridicatumgrew consistently well from 4–30 C.Penicillium expansuminitially grew well at these temperatures, but kernel infection decreased with time. Growth ofP. brevi-compactumwas sparse. At 18%, Penicillia did not grow at 4 C, and onlyP. brevi-compactumgrew well at 16 and 23 C, less well at 30 C. Although not included in the inoculum,P. citrinuminfected 100% of the untreated 22% moisture kernels at 35 C in 8 weeks. There appears to be a relationship between the temperature and moisture requirements of species ofPenicilliumand their occurrence in the field or in storage.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1970.12018944

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1970

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYA cytological study of the meiotic nuclei of 8 parasitic and saprophytic species of the generaNannizziaandArthrodermahas demonstrated a haploid complement of 4 chromosomes. Four structures suggestive of chromosomes were also observed in the vegetative nuclei ofN. incurvata.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1970.12018945

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1970

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYAscocarps ofTryblidiella clavispora(Peck) Berl.&Vogl., on dead branches ofSalix nigraL., arise as plectenchymatous stromata in which ascogonia provided with trichogynes appear. True paraphyses with free tips originate in the central portion of the ascostroma and grow upward, creating a flat locule. Bitunicate asci develop among the paraphyses. At maturity the ascostroma resembles the apothecium of Euascomycetes but differs in having bitunicate asci. This type of centrum structure is quite unusual in Loculoascomycetes, and the pattern of ascocarp development inT. clavisporacannot be referred to any of the types of ascocarp development previously described in this group. The chromosome number inT. clavisporais n = 4.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1970.12018946

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1970

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYAs a result of a study of the fungi of forest soil in Clarke County, Georgia, several noteworthy soil fungi are being reported.Paecilomyces clavisporisandTrichoderma saturnisporum, two new species of Hyphomycetes, are described. Included in the report are one imperfect fungus new to the United States, one ascomycete new to North America, and several relatively rare isolates. Notes and figures are provided for several of those being reported.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1970.12018947

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1970

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYTwenty-eight representative strains of theAspergillus flavusgroup includingA. flavus, A. flavusvar.columnaris, A. parasiticus, A. oryzae, A. tamarii, and a new taxon were examined for their ability to utilize a variety of carbon sources. The objective was to find some method which would separate these taxa on other than morphological grounds. Of the 36 compounds tested practically all supported growth of theA. flavusgroup except cellulose and dextran. Utilization of carbon sources does not offer much promise in separating species and varieties but does emphasize the close relationship of all the members of the group. One strain ofA. flavusvar.columnarisappears to have a vitamin deficiency. Most of theA. flavusstrains produced kojic acid. When strains of theA. flavusgroup were grown at various temperatures, all grew at 37 C and only one grew very poorly at 45 C. The number of sclerotia could be altered drastically by changing the amounts of nitrate and sucrose with the optimal amounts appearing to be about 3% sucrose and 0.5% NaNO3. All strains tested for their ability to digest gelatine were positive, and all formed amylase. Twelve selected strains were examined for their ability to produce aflatoxin on rice and wheat with constant agitation. No aflatoxin was formed by twoA. oryzaeand twoA. flavusvar.columnarisstrains. One strain ofA. parasiticus, which had been in continuous pure culture for 46 years, produced as much as 378μg/g of total aflatoxin on wheat.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1970.12018948

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1970

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYThirteen tomentellas named and described by Bourdot and Galzin are treated. Of the thirteen names for which lectotype specimens are selected, six are relegated to synonymy.Tomentella umbrinellais recognized as the valid name for the species calledT. badiofusca, the latter being placed in synonymy. Two new combinations are proposed,T. albomarginata(Bourd.&Galz.) M. J. Larsen andT. brevispina(Bourd.&Galz.) M. J. Larsen.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1970.12018949

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1970

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYVegetative growth, whether mycelial or yeast phase, of mating strain A ofCeratocystis ulmirequired exogenous pyridoxal and was stimulated by both biotin and thiamine. Growth occurred when glucose, mannose, galactose, fructose, L-arabinose, sucrose, mannitol, L-rhamnose, xylose, cellobiose, sorbitol or starch was the sole carbon source. Slight amount of growth occurred on citrate, L-glutamate, DL-malate, maltose and succinate. Growth did not occur by 12 days on lactose, dulcitol, D-tartrate, oxalate, acetate, or cellulose. The low respiration of citrate was not enhanced by providing it as the undissociated form and disrupting cell structure by sonication did not lead to increased respiration in presence of citric acid. Growth occurred when ammonium ion, L-asparagine, glycine, L-glutamate, urea or DL-valine was the sole nitrogen source. Nitrate would not support growth. OptimalpHfor rapid growth was approximately 6.3 with no growth occurring at 7.8. Vegetative growth but not synnematal growth took place at 30 C. Synnemata formed on all media which favored abundant spreading colony growth. Illumination at approximately 1,500 ft-c prevented growth because of pyridoxal destruction. Synnematal formation does not require light and synnemata are not phototropic.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1970.12018950

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1970

数据来源: Taylor