ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1980.12021153

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYTerfezia boudieriis one of several species of truffles found in Kuwait and other Arabian countries and is known as black kamé. Ascospores from both fresh and dried ascocarps germinated in the laboratory. Germination was faster for spores from dried specimens than for those from fresh specimens. Germinated spores in both cases underwent several morphological changes that are considered good indication of the germination process of this species.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1980.12021154

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYThe occurrence and distribution of cellular slime molds were studied in relation to altitude of Southern Appalachian forest sites. Nineteen sites were sampled in seven forest types at elevations between 230 and 1,800 m. The diversity of cellular slime molds was greater than in other geographical areas of temperate North America. Twelve described dictyostelid slime molds and one acrasid slime mold were isolated in addition to a new species of the genusPolysphondylium, and a naturally occurring mutant of uncertain affinity. One species,Acytostelium subglobosum, was isolated for the first time in North America. Optimum forest habitats in terms of acrasian diversity were between 590 and 820 m. Segregation of species by altitude was similar to that by latitude, again indicating a strong climatic influence on distribution.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1980.12021155

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYThirty percent of the dry weight of the basidiomycetePolyporus sulphureusis triterpenoid acid. The endogenous respiratory quotient of this organism is 0.8 indicating that the triterpenoid is being used as an endogenous storage material. Monosaccharides did not seem to be utilized as exogenous substrates but Krebs-cycle intermediates stimulated oxygen uptake. Pyruvic acid inhibited oxygen uptake. Studies with14C-labeled glucose indicated that 27% of the glucose was metabolized by way of glycolysis. The hexose-monophosphate pathway was the major metabolic path for the utilization of glucose. Despite the fact thatP. sulphureusis associated with brown rot, its carbon metabolism suggests that it utilizes substances associated with the degradation of lignin more readily than it does glucose.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1980.12021156

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYSuccessful resyntheses were achieved between a mycobiont ofCladonia cristatellaand 13 isolates ofTrebouxiaphycobionts. The same mycobiont did not establish symbiotic associations with 10 isolates ofPseudotrebouxiaphycobionts or with the free-living algaPleurastrum terrestre.The mycobiontLecanora chrysoleucaformed soredia with five isolates ofPseudotrebouxiaand with one isolate ofTrebouxia.The synthesized squamules were identical in morphology to the natural squamules ofC. cristatella—they produced mature pycnidia and short podetia with immature apothecia. Concentric bodies were seen in the hyphae ofC. cristatellasynthesized with the phycobionts ofCladonia boryiandLecidea tumida.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1980.12021157

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYSuccessful resyntheses of theCladonia cristatellamycobiont with its normal phycobiont and withTrebouxiaisolates from 12 other species of lichens all produced the characteristic depside barbatic acid as the major secondary product. Many also produced the dibenzofuran didymic acid, but none yielded detectable amounts of the cortical pigment usnic acid. No characteristic lichen products were found in cultures of theC. cristatellamycobiont either alone, under a variety of cultural conditions, or mixed withPseudotrebouxiaphycobionts under the same conditions that led to successful resyntheses withTrebouxiaphycobionts. Well-developed soredia from successful resyntheses of theLecanora chrysoleucamycobiont withPseudotrebouxiaphycobionts showed traces of usnic acid. The production of characteristic lichen products is affected primarily by the establishment of a successful symbiosis and secondarily by as yet poorly defined environmental factors. The formation of many characteristic lichen products may involve algal inhibition of fungal enzymes.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1980.12021158

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYAn emended description ofTurgidosculum ulvaeis provided.Turgidosculum ulvaepossesses two-celled ascospores, nondeliquescent, unitunicate asci and apical paraphyses which originate from the roof of centrum. Based upon these charactersT. ulvaeis placed in the Hypocreales, family Hypocreaceae.Turgidosculum complicatulumis transferred to the new genusKohlmeyera. Kohlmeyera complicatulapossesses a distinct clypeus, unitunicate asci with eight hyaline, one-celled ascospores and relatively broad paraphyses which deliquesce at maturity.Kohlmeyera complicatulais best accommodated in the Phyllachorales, family Physosporellaceae. BothT. ulvaeandK. complicatulaare associated with littoral-marine green algae.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1980.12021159

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYThe production of extracellular lipases by thermophilic fungi associated with mouldy Nigerian groundnuts and the conditions influencing the activities of the enzymes were determined. Lipase activity was detected in the culture filtrates of all the fungi within 48 h of incubation at 45 C. The presence of lipids in the growth medium enhanced the production of extracellular lipases by these fungi. Lack of lipids in the growth medium did not prevent lipase synthesis, The lipases of the fungi used in this study were able to hydrolyse both natural and synthetic glycerides to free fatty acids. They were particularly active between a pH range of 5.5-6.0 and a temperature range of 45–50 C. The involvement of these fungi in the spoilage of Nigerian groundnuts during storage is suggested.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1980.12021160

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYThe first microconidial dimorphism in noncrustose lichen-forming fungi to have ecogeographical correlations is reported from two North American species. The microconidia ofParmelia hypoleucitesand those of the new speciesP. semansianadiffer in length, the former averaging about twice (11-12μm) as long as the latter (5μm).Parmelia hypoleucites, apparently an obligate epiphyte of trees, is confined to the highlands of Mexico and Arizona.Parmelia semansiana, primarily a rock-inhabiting species that extends its substrate tolerance to bark at the center of its range, is widely distributed in south-central North America. Small but significant spore-size differences accompany the microconidial dimorphism.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1980.12021161

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYFormation of basidiocarp initials inPsilocybe cubensisoccurred only when cultures were illuminated. Short durations of light (0.0025 sec of xenon-arc flash) were sufficient for initiation. Light-induced initiation was saturated at a dose of 0.345×104ergs/cm2at 460 nm. UV and blue wavelengths of 370, 440, and 460 nm were the most effective. Green and red wavelengths greater than 510 nm were ineffective.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1980.12021162

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor