ISSN:0142-159X    

DOI:10.3109/01421598709028974

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0142-159X    

DOI:10.3109/01421598709028975

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Despite moves away from teacher-centred methods towards more independent student-centred learning, resource pressures will continue to require the use of large lecture classes. Instead of examining the behaviour of the lecturer in order to improve the limited efficiency of lectures, attention is focussed on what students can do during lectures to improve their learning. Five techniques are described to improve student learning during lectures: (i) improving student note-taking and attention by separating listening from recording, and requiring the note-taking to be undertaken from memory; (ii) improving student learning through active review during the lecture; (iii) involving students in structured discussions even in very large classes by using‘pyramidding’; (iv) checking on student learning by using‘instant questionnaires’and (v) checking on student learning by asking them to summarise the‘three most important things’about the lecture. These techniques are drawn from two of a series of books entitled‘Interesting Ways To Teach’.

ISSN:0142-159X    

DOI:10.3109/01421598709028976

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The value of independent study, of projects or small-scale research projects is well acknowledged for undergraduate degrees, and in postgraduate coursework degrees there tends to be at least one substantial piece of independent research. This paper discusses experiences with a research project which medical students at the University of Queensland have to conduct during their fourth and fifth year of study. It is based on a questionnaire to fifth-year students who had just completed the project, and on diaries which the following cohort of students filled out while going through the various stages of their research. The paper addresses the departmental expectations and objectives for the course, student experiences and opinions, and the provisions and processes which facilitate students' achievement of these objectives.

ISSN:0142-159X    

DOI:10.3109/01421598709028977

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Interest in the use of simulation techniques in education in the medical fields has increased over the past several years because these methods can solve many training problems. Simulations provide practice in various aspects of care without harm or inconvenience to the actual patient. Five types of simulations have been identified that vary in their fidelity to real situations—written simulations, three-dimensional models, computer based patient management problems, multi-media approaches and simulated patients. Each of these approaches to simulation can be designed to teach or evaluate different aspects of patient care. Each presents unique instructional design problems and opportunities. As the technology for instruction improves there will be a continued increase in the use of simulations as a teaching device.

ISSN:0142-159X    

DOI:10.3109/01421598709028978

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

MAPS is a life-like, interactive, MS-DOS, computer-based system that was developed to increase medical student's opportunities to diagnose and manage patient problems. The system combines a microcomputer with an optional laserdisc player, however the system is not dependent upon the use of a laserdisc player. Students interact by means of the keyboard using natural English Input. In the area of history the dialogue resembles that which might occur with a live patient. All students enquiries and screen displays are recorded in order to later assess performance. These simulations have been used successfully for the last four years to enhance students' clinical problem-solving skills in an Integrative Course. MAPS was designed to be independent of the content area and the shell can be used in any educational/training area in which hypotheses are generated and refined through data collection and interpretation.

ISSN:0142-159X    

DOI:10.3109/01421598709028979

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Harvey, a life-sized cardiovascular patient simulator which depicts the auscultatory, tactile and visual findings for a broad range of cardiac problems was used as an adjunct to a standard sophomore physical skills course. Significant gains, as measured by a pre-posttest, were found in overall scores as well as in assessment and interpretation of carotid pulses and precordial auscultation. There were no significant changes in jugular venous pulse or precordial motion assessment. There were no significant correlations between student perceptions of skills gained and objective test measurements.This study underscores the need for cardiovascular examination skills training and confirms the utility of a simulator such as Harvey in developing these abilities. The lack of correlation between perceived improvements and actual changes highlights the need for objective evaluations of educational endeavours. Use of a simulator such as Harvey presents the student with the opportunity to compare and contrast cardiovascular findings in a time and faculty resource efficient fashion.

ISSN:0142-159X    

DOI:10.3109/01421598709028980

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The programme in the Medical School at McMaster University inaugurated in 1969, represents radical innovations in medical education. However, misconceptions in regard to its educational philosophy and practice do exist. While new medical schools and those in planning stages have drawn in varying degrees on the experiences that McMaster has accumulated, nevertheless, educational divergences of significance have arisen.In order to improve perspectives on the important concepts in McMaster educational philosophy in medicine, a brief historical survey of medical education down to present times has been examined and some of its undesirable features identified. This is followed by a description and discussion of the programme at McMaster University, where problem based learning in small group tutorials predominates the programme. Advantages and disadvantages are recognised and the ability of the programme to respond to future developments in health education and care is identified among its major strengths.

ISSN:0142-159X    

DOI:10.3109/01421598709028981

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A new type of multiple-choice (MCB test has been worked out and introduced into the teaching and assessment of knowledge of medical biology in our department. The test consists of a description of an experiment, including data presented in tables or figures, interspersed with built-in MCQs. Examinees are able to give correct answers to the MCQs only if they understand the experiment, if they can interpret the data presented in the text, and if they draw conclusions from the experimental results. Included in this paper is a description of some other features of the test and a brief summary of experiences with the test collected over a 12-year period. The complete text of one test paper is presented as an example.

ISSN:0142-159X    

DOI:10.3109/01421598709028982

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Students' performance in the Final Examination at Bristol Medical School was compared to their performance as assessed by in-course assessment. Over the six-year period studied, 5.5% of the 734 students failed the final examination at the first attempt but all subsequently passed. The overall continuous assessment score was a significant predictor of failure by the students in the final examination. It is argued that in the light of these findings and because of the documented disadvantages of a major final examination, such an examination is unnecessary.

ISSN:0142-159X    

DOI:10.3109/01421598709028983

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor