摘要:

A modified parainguinal approach was used to castrate 119 abdominal cryptorchid horses. The operative time ranged from 10 to 30 minutes. Follow‐up information was obtained for 107 horses. Swelling, more severe than that expected in routine castrations, was reported in six horses. An incisional abscess had to be drained in one horse and one horse died of unexplained causes 3 days after the surger

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1987.tb00905.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Ten normal horses had approximately 95% of the length of the large colon resected with a side‐to‐side anastomosis between right ventral and right dorsal colon performed with surgical stapling equipment. Four horses died shortly after surgery of colitis (1 horse) or failure of the TA 90 transection staple line (3 horses). Another horse died 4 months after surgery from disseminated streptococcal infection but had recovered well from the colon resection. Five horses survived long term (18 months) with no clinical evidence of adverse effects of the resection. Surviving horses had weight loss and soft fecal consistency for 3 to 12 weeks after surgery but returned to preoperative values within 12 months. At a second surgery 1 year later (5 horses) or at necropsy 4 months later (1 horse), fibrous omental adhesions were present over the transection staple line in four horses and over the anastomotic staple line in two horses. Omental adhesions to the everted staple line were moderate but not associated with any clinical sequellae. An incisional hernia was present in one horse. The anastomotic stomata measured between 8 and 9 cm, which was 60% of the size of the original surgically created stomata. Failure of the transection staple line occurred in the first three of five horses in which the procedure was attempted due to improper configuration of the staples or crushing of the tissue between the staples. Experience corrected this complicat

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1987.tb00906.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study documented the normal histologic features of the equine metacarpal and metatarsal periosteum and characterized its osteogenic response to surgical manipulation. Two periosteal flaps were elevated from the dorsomedial metacarpal and metatarsal diaphysis in each of three limbs of four yearling and four adult lightbreed horses. The superficial metacarpal cortex under the flap was resected with a bone chisel in one‐half of the horses and was undisturbed in the remainder. One periosteal flap in each limb was excised and the other flap was replaced and secured by sutures. All limbs in the horses were radiographed at regular intervals postoperatively. Horses were killed either 30 or 120 days after surgery. Periosteal bone production occurred only at treatment sites of young horses treated by periosteal flap replacement and was limited to approximately 50% of these sites, as determined by radiography and microradiography. Cortical abrasion resulted in an increased incidence of bone production in the periosteum adjacent to the flap perimeter. The histologic features of the periosteum were similar to those reported in other species; young horses had active osteogenesis referable to appositional growth and adults had an inactive periosteum. Histologically, osteogenesis induced by surgery resembled accentuated appositional growth in both yearlings and adults. In the horse, the cambial (osteogenic) layer is included in sharply elevated periosteal flaps. It should be removed in surgical procedures where bone production is to be avoided, and preserved where osteogenesis is desire

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1987.tb00907.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Six cases of mechanical lameness involving the coxofemoral joint are presented. All dogs had a history of chronic rear leg pain and lameness, and decreased range of motion of the hip. On physical examination, ventral subluxation of the coxofemoral joint during extension was present in three dogs. A radiographic diagnosis of subluxation was made in five dogs. In each dog, surgical exploration of the area caudal to the coxofemoral joint revealed a fibrous mass between the lesser or third trochanters and the ischium, diagnosed as a nonneoplastic fibrous reaction by microscopic examination. The clinical, radiographic, and histopathologic signs were similar to previously described cases of myositis ossificans. Five dogs returned to normal function after excision of the soft tissue mass, and one dog was normal when lost to follow‐up 4 weeks postoperativel

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1987.tb00908.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Skin incision and internal incision scalpel blades used during 40 clean canine orthopedic or neurologic operations were cultured. A biopsy of skin was taken from the incision edge and cultured aerobically and anaerobically. Culture of five skin blades, eight skin biopsies, and nine deep dissection blades resulted in bacterical growth. Results indicate that the skin blade does not add significantly to bacterial inoculum contaminating clean wounds.

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1987.tb00909.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Thirty‐four dogs that had surgical correction of medial patellar luxation (MPL) in 52 stifle joints were examined after a minimum follow‐up period of 1 year (median, 3.6 years). The dogs were divided into the following three groups depending on their age at the time of surgery: group 1, 3 to 6 months; group 2,8 to 20 months; and group 3,2.2 to 12 years. Two of the dogs in group 3 had ruptured their cranial cruciate ligament in addition to having MPL. The results were based on a clinical assessment of the animal's gait, and physical and radiographic examination of the stifle joints. Six of seven stifle joints evaluated in group 1 had radiographic evidence of moderate to severe degenerative joint disease of the patellofemoral joint, and in two of the joints recurrence of MPL was observed. Failure to maintain reduction of the patellofemoral joint was also observed in 11 of 22 (50%) and 12 of 23 (52%) of the stifle joints in groups 2 and 3, respectively. In the latter groups, mild degenerative joint disease was evident radiographically in stifle joints that had maintained reduction of the patellofemoral joint as well as in those joints that had not maintained reduction. Four of the 34 dogs were consistently (n = 2) or intermittently (n = 2) lame; the two dogs that were consistently lame had cranial instability of the stifle consistent with rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament. In the latter two dogs, the cranial cruciate ligament had been intact at the time of surgery for correction of

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1987.tb00910.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A prosthetic replacement for the cranial cruciate ligament was successfully implanted under arthroscopic guidance in four canine cadavers and seven normal dogs. Several strands of size 2 braided polyester were implanted in the cadavers and one normal dog, and a copolymer coated tow of 10,000 carbon fibers was implanted in six normal dogs. The average time required to surgically implant the carbon fiber prosthetic ligaments was 60 minutes. All of the dogs had slight to no drawer sign postoperatively. Five of the dogs were bearing more weight 3 weeks postoperatively than after transection of the cranial cruciate ligament. The surgical technique for implantation was successful for elimination of the cranial drawer sign, but carbon fibers were broken prematurely and instability reoccurred.

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1987.tb00911.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An arthroscopic technique for examination and surgical treatment of conditions of the shoulder joint was evaluated in eight normal horses and two horses with osteochondrosis lesions. A single arthroscope entry point caudal to the infraspinatus tendon allowed inspection of the cranial, lateral, and caudal surfaces of the shoulder joint. With the humeral head and glenoid cavity distracted by a curved forceps, the entire cartilage surface of the shoulder could be examined. The caudomedial portion of the humeral head was seen better with a 70° angled arthroscope. Instruments for intra‐articular manipulation were introduced through a separate skin incision 2 to 4 cm caudal to the arthroscope entry point. Two horses with osteochondrosis lesions of the shoulder were examined arthroscopically and debrided with instrument triangulation. Five normal horses and both horses with osteochondrosis lesions were euthanized immediately after the procedure and a necropsy was performed. Minor iatrogenic damage to the cartilage surfaces and joint capsule resulted from the technique. Three horses recovered from anesthesia and were killed 3, 30, or 60 days after surgery. Subcutaneous fluid that accumulated during surgery had resorbed by 3 days and lameness was evident for 12 to 24 hours. Gross examination and histopathologic findings of specimens collected at 30 and 60 days showed several small nonhealing partial‐thickness cartilage defects attributed to instrument insertion. Arthroscopy is a satisfactory method to examine the joint surfaces and to evaluate and treat osteochondrosis lesions of the shoulder joint in ho

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1987.tb00912.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Fifty‐one calcaneus fractures associated with (41) or without (10) central tarsal bone (Tc) fractures in racing greyhounds were evaluated and categorized. All calcaneal fractures with no Tc fractures had a plantar proximal intertarsal subluxation. No subluxations were found in dogs with both calcaneal and central tarsal fractures. The calcaneal fractures were treated either with coaptation splints or surgical repair. Surgical techniques included a Steinmann pin with a figure eight tension band device or screw or plate fixation as primary techniques supplemented by Kirschner wires and cerclage wires. In all calcaneal fractures associated with plantar proximal intertarsal subluxation, an arthrodesis of the calcaneoquartal joint was performed. All 22 surgically repaired fractures in dogs available for physical and radiographic reexamination had healed within 1 to 6 months. Eight dogs with fractures of the calcaneus associated with fractures of Tc returned to a racing career. None of the dogs with plantar proximal intertarsal subluxation raced again. Based on the orientation of the fracture lines and on dissection of two tarsi with calcaneal fractures, a hypothesis on the pathogenesis of calcaneal fractures in racing greyhounds was formulate

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1987.tb00913.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Fractures of the accessory carpal bone in 35 racing Greyhounds were classified into five types. Type I fractures (27 fractures) involved the distal articular surface of the accessory carpal bone, type II (6 fractures) were of the proximal articular margin, type III (1 fracture) were at the origin of the accessorometacarpal ligaments, type IV (6 fractures) were avulsion fractures at the tendon of insertion of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle, and type V (3 fractures) were comminuted fractures.

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1987.tb00914.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY