摘要:

The ruminal and intestinal degradability of the nitrogen constituents of timothy grass cut at five different stages of growth was studied in three non-lactating cows. The grass samples were incubated in nylon bags in the rumen for 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. The subsequent digestion of rumen-undegradable N in the intestine was measured by the mobile-bag method. The N content of grass declined, and the fibre content and the proportion of N bound in acid detergent fibre increased with increasing maturity. The values for rumen degradability of grass N corrected for microbial contamination were generally high and they decreased with increasing maturity. The intestinal N digestibility of rumen-undegradable N of grass ranged from 49% to 78%, being affected by growth stage and the duration of preceding rumen incubation time. These values may, however, be confounded by non-feed N. Pre-incubation of forage samples in the rumen indicated that at least 48 h of rumen incubation is needed for predicting intestinal N digestibility from the indigestible N fraction determined with the mobile-bag method.

ISSN:0906-4702    

DOI:10.1080/09064709609410918

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Thirty pigs averaging 10.3 kg were used to study the effect of fish oil supplementation as a means to enrich fat and muscle tissue with n-3 fatty acids and the effect of fish oil elimination five weeks prior to slaughter on the concentration of n-3 fatty acids in these tissues. The diets were barley-soybean meal based and contained either 3% soy oil (group A; control), 1% fish oil + 2% soy oil (groups B and C) or 3% fish oil (groups D and E). Pigs in groups B and D were fed the experimental diets until day 112 of the experiment, when they were switched to the control diet until slaughter at day 148. The other groups received the same diets throughout. Fish oil supplementation had no significant effect on growth performance or carcass characteristics. Fish oil increased (P< 0.001) the concentration of the fatty acids 20:5n-3, 22:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 in subcutaneous fat and muscle. This effect was dose dependent (P< 0.001) for subcutaneous fat. The level of the fatty acids 20:5n-3, 22:5n-3, and 22:6n-3 in subcutaneous fat and muscle was lower (P< 0.01) in groups B and D compared with groups C and E. The off-flavour and off-odour intensity of subcutaneous fat increased (P< 0.001) with increasing levels of fish oil in the diets. Thus, fish oil supplementation increased the level of n-3 fatty acids in muscle and fat tissue, and decreased the n-6/n-3 ratio. Feeding of 1–3% fish oil had an adverse effect on the sensory profile of the product, especially when used until the day of slaughter.

ISSN:0906-4702    

DOI:10.1080/09064709609410919

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The phosphohydrolase activity of small intestinal mucosa was investigatedin vitroin the pig. The activity was studied using four different enzyme substrates at physiological pH levels actual in the duodenum-jejunum part of the gastrointestinal tract, i.e. 5.0, 5.8, 6.6 and 7.4. The enzymatic action was tested towards four inhibitors, known to be suppressive to specific phosphatases located in other regions of the organism, in order to compare the kinetics of intestinal phosphatases versus other phosphatases.

ISSN:0906-4702    

DOI:10.1080/09064709609410920

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Three rumen fistulated and catheterized sheep were used to study portal recovery of continuously intraruminally infused short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). Each sheep received six treatments: 0, 60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 mmol h−1SCFA infused for 8 h in a semi-fasted state. The infused SCFA had a molar proportion of 65:20:15 (acetate:propionate:butyrate). [1 -13C]Na-acetate was infused intravenously during the experiment for measurement of portal drained viscera (PDV) metabolism and irreversible loss rate (ILR) of acetate. Portal blood flow was measured by ultrasonic flowprobes. Portal blood, arterial blood and rumen liquid were sampled during the last 4 h of the experiments.

ISSN:0906-4702    

DOI:10.1080/09064709609410921

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Genetic and phenotypic parameters for age at first qualifying start (AFQ), passed qualifying start (APQ), and first race (AFR), and for corresponding time records and best time of early career were estimated for Finnish Standardbred (SBT) and Finnhorse (FHT) trotters using REML with the sire model. The age traits and corresponding time records were recorded for 2–6-year-old SBT and 3–7-year-old FHT. Best career time was recorded for 3–5-year-old SBT and 4–6-year-old FHT. The heritability (h2) estimates for AFQ, APQ and AFR were very low, those for FHT being even lower than for SBT. The traits AFQ, APQ and AFR were highly correlated both genetically and phenotypically. Generally, theh2estimates obtained for time records were high in Standardbred trotters, considerably higher than in Finnhorses. It is likely that theh2estimates for SBT were overestimated and those for FHT underestimated. The highesth2estimate for both breeds was obtained for the time record in the first race. In SBT, a positive genetic correlation was found between the age traits and best career time. In FHT, these correlations had higher absolute values but opposite signs, compared with the estimates observed for SBT. The genetic correlations between the time records and best career time were high in both breeds (0.94–1.00 in SBT; 0.77–0.94 in FHT).

ISSN:0906-4702    

DOI:10.1080/09064709609410922

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

An experiment was conducted on seven Danish commercial dairy farms with 200 Danish Friesian heifers (315 kg) in 152 days from the month of November. Founded on existing slatted floor systems, 32 experimental pens were established with Low (L) or High (H) space allowance (1.5 vs. 3.0 m2per animal), different type of separate lying area (Slatted (S) vs. Bedded (B) floor) and different flock size (6 vs. 12 animals). Eating spaces were standardized to about 50 cm per animal.Ad libitumfeeding was practised and rations contained a maximum 30% concentrates (dry matter).

ISSN:0906-4702    

DOI:10.1080/09064709609410923

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Two experiments investigated the possibility of using behavioural methods to enhance feed intake in piglets following weaning. The effects of sex and familiarity on eating were studied in the group situation and in pair tests. In groups, unfamiliar males consumed more feed, showed a significantly greater weight gain over the 5 days post weaning, but were less synchronized in their eating than were familiar males. Familiar females spent more time at the feeder and were more synchronized in their eating than unfamiliar females, but there were no differences in feed consumed or weight gain. In the pair tests, there was no effect of familiarity, although there was a strong effect of the presence of the stimulus pig. Males consumed significantly more feed than females. The interaction between factors positively and negatively affecting eating is discussed.

ISSN:0906-4702    

DOI:10.1080/09064709609410924

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0906-4702    

DOI:10.1080/09064709609410925

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This is a scanned image of the original Editorial Board page(s) for this issue

ISSN:0906-4702    

DOI:10.1080/09064709609410917

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor