ISSN:0726-4240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1741-6612.1996.tb00189.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Physically restraining elderly people who are residents in long term aged care facilities is common. However, the extent to which carers are aware of the effects of restraint on the restrained person, and of legal consequences for themselves, is low. In this paper, mechanisms of physical restraint are discussed and justifications and myths debunked. The dilemma that carers face, and the loss of autonomy and self control of the aged person who is restrained, are also considered. Legal consequences for carers of the aged are analysed in the light of the need to reduce physical restraint of aged people in institutional care to a minimum.

ISSN:0726-4240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1741-6612.1996.tb00190.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Generally, physical restraints are used on patients who have significant cognitive impairment. For those patients who are competent, informed consent should be obtained before their use. If the patient is unable to give informed consent and a legal guardian is available, then informed consent should be obtained from the guardian. If there is no guardian, the next of kin should be informed of the need to use restraints.

ISSN:0726-4240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1741-6612.1996.tb00191.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper explores the health promotion needs of older Aboriginal people. A qualitative study was conducted in Brisbane of both younger and older Aborigines' conceptions of what ageing is and what the needs of older Aborigines are. It discusses the areas of health which are identified as being particularly significant to the Aboriginal community, the difference in perceptions according to age and gender, and strategies which will increase the relevance and success of Aboriginal health programs.

ISSN:0726-4240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1741-6612.1996.tb00192.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A new nutrition screening tool has recently been launched to help correct the neglect of the problem of malnutrition in elderly Australians. It is estimated that up to 30% of people over 60 years of age living independently in the community are suffering from malnutrition. Poor nutrition increases the time an older person requires to recover from acute illness, and leads to longer hospital stays, more complications and higher readmission rates. These factors all lead to a poor health outcome and increased health care costs. The Australian Nutrition Screening Initiative is a checklist to be used to identify those elderly people who may be at risk from malnutrition. This screening initiative represents the first national effort to raise the awareness of the problem of malnutrition among elderly people by bringing together organisations with a common interest in this problem.

ISSN:0726-4240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1741-6612.1996.tb00193.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A health promotion and education program for elderly people was based in the academic Department of Geriatric Medicine of the University of Auckland for four and a half years. Its major objectives were to undertake health education and promotion research, develop community‐based initiatives in health education, produce educational resources relevant to older adults and train other personnel to lead health education programs. Considerable progress was made in meeting these objectives. Formal evaluation of the long term impact of programs, whose results may not be evident until after many years, is difficult. However, despite the fact that the program was terminated sooner man had been anticipated because of loss of funding, there was evidence that it had been successful The achievements of the program were not only of value to the community of older people but to the Department itself. It is concluded that health promotion and education programs are worthwhile activities to be included within university departments of geriatric medicin

ISSN:0726-4240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1741-6612.1996.tb00194.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Demographic, clinical and physical information was obtained from 200 volunteers who had Parkinson's disease (PD). The clinical history revealed minimal social and psychological impairment. Physical difficulties such as mobility and restless legs were reported as the most troublesome symptoms of PD. A disease severity score was calculated by the addition of the ratings from the physical examination to a scaled score obtained from afoot tapping exercise. Over half of the sample had disease severity scores which were less than or equal to the mean of the entire sample. Functional disability was measured by the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) and the highest dysfunction scores were in the areas of recreation and pastimes, alertness behaviour, communication and home management. Functional disability was significantly positively correlated with age and duration of illness.

ISSN:0726-4240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1741-6612.1996.tb00195.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Parkinson's disease is frequently associated with overt and subclinical swallowing disorders. It is not clear whether these are responsive to levodopa therapy. As levodopa is usually prescribed to be taken after meals, we hypothesised that swallowing at meal time would improve by administration of levodopa one hour prior to meals. Twenty‐one subjects with idiopathic Parkinson's disease treated with levodopa were randomised to receive their levodopa for one week at the same time as their meals (A) or one hour before (B). A modified barium swallow (MBS) was then performed at the usual meal time to assess swallowing function. Subjects were crossed over to the other treatment arm and the study repeated a week later. Subjects were then crossed back to the original randomisation and a third study performed. There were improvements in oropharyngeal transit time when subjects were given levodopa one hour prior to meals. This was particularly pronounced with solid food consistencies (mean time for B‐12.31 sees, for A = 16.39 sees, P = 0.026 using ANOVA). Aspiration, number of swallows to clear bolus, number of tongue elevations per swallow, place of bolus at initiation of swallow and degree of vallecular pooling were not significantly affected. Some evidence of improved swallowing when levodopa is taken one hour prior to meals was demonstra

ISSN:0726-4240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1741-6612.1996.tb00196.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Elderly patients may be more susceptible to acute severe hepatitis than younger patients (Woodhouse and James 1990: Wynne, Cope and James 1989).aAPPT: activated partial thromboplastin time

ISSN:0726-4240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1741-6612.1996.tb00197.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The rationale for geriatric assessment programs includes a reduction in nursing home admissions, improved health outcomes and improved physical function. However the evidence for these benefits may not be directly transferable to all models of geriatric assessment programs. This study is a review of published studies of most relevance to aged care assessment teams with regard to one important outcome, nursing home admission. However the conclusions are limited in that no studies are directly comparable to the situation in which aged care assessment teams function. In addition, traditional outcome measures may not be appropriate in considering the effectiveness of similar models of geriatric assessment.

ISSN:0726-4240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1741-6612.1996.tb00198.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY