摘要:

In this domain we are aiming to measure the degree and quality of attentiveness or mutuality that marital partners show for each other in a relationship where constraints or limitations have been applied to the interacting system through the emergence of depressive symptoms in one or both partners. Raush, Barry, Hertel&Swain (1974) have formulated the interactive dynamics of a disturbed marital system and see contextual variables such as depressive behaviour as enhancing or diminishing the meaningful quality of communication between individuals.

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1978.tb02440.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Communication as we have defined it in a previous paper (Hooper, Roberts, Hinchliffe&Vaughan, 1977) consists of considerably more than the words which are spoken. The flow of speech is accompanied by many paralinguistic phenomena which both facilitate and inhibit the patterns of communication between people. Speech flow has always been one of the classical ways by which the depressed patient has been identified clinically. Along with the negative and self‐devaluing speech content (for which there is a good deal of evidence, e.g. Weintraub&Aronson, 1967) the speech flow of the depressed person has been thought of as considerably disrupted by long pauses and a low speech rate. Obviously, then, this domain of communication has been particularly important for the clinician in deciding whether or not the person in front of him is clinically depresse

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1978.tb02441.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Medical Section is a meeting place for those concerned with psychotherapy. We come from different schools, each of which has its own ways of thinking and its own ways of approaching patients, but over the years we have learnt to communicate extraordinarily well with each other, and looking back I can remember very few occasions when I have felt there to be a serious gulf between us. I do not mean there has been lack of disagreement, but there has been a growing understanding of each other's point of view. I am not sure that this is a reflexion of what is happening to psychology in general. Here I find that I am constantly going through a cyclical process, where I see rival schools coming together and I have rising hopes of unity, only to have these hopes dashed as new schools, new approaches, new conceptual models come into existence.

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1978.tb02442.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An important component of any course of professional training is the process by which a trainee comes to adopt a professional stance in relation to his patient, client or client system. This paper is concerned with the way a professional role model is adopted, maintained and developed, a process that should be clearly distinguished from the acquisition of specific skills appropriate to the profession, such as the use of conceptual schemata, selective attention, the ordering of data, manipulative skills, etc. The point at issue is: how does an amateur become imbued with a sense of identity, a set of values and an attitude to his client that marks him off from his fellows? In so far that in one segment of his social life he comes to have a special kind of relationship with those about him and to live life accordingly, he gives evidence of having been through a very particular socializing experience or conversion process: in one segment of his life at least he has come to look upon himself and those about him differently.

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1978.tb02443.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A study of change in a ‘therapeutic community’ admission unit is used to illustrate some of the problems associated with the use of factor analysis in evaluating therapeutic outcome. The paper describes the methodological steps involved in an attempt to identify the underlying dimensions of change which reflect how patients see themselves, and are seen by those most closely involved with them. The resulting dimensions, labelled ‘pleasantness’ and ‘illness’, are used to illustrate change at three levels: average direction, scatter, and indiv

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1978.tb02444.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Psychodynamic explanations of demoniacal possession have been based mainly on Freud's retrospective interpretation of the illness of Christoph Haitzman. Freud applied libido theory to his analysis of the case and this subsequently influenced the psychoanalytic theory of paranoid symptom formation and the psychoanalytic approach to the psychoses. Fairbairn, and later Guntrip, applied an object relations theory to the case and conceptualized demoniacal possession in terms of bad internalized objects. They used the example of Haitzman to illustrate an object relations approach to the understanding and treatment of severely disturbed patients. In this paper the psychoanalytic treatment of a case of demoniacal possession is described to indicate the multiple dynamic meanings which possession may have and to demonstrate the necessity for integrating and applying aspects of libido and object relations theories. Current trends in psychoanalysis are towards recognizing the psychotic core which is frequently masked by an apparently psychoneurotic illness so that analysis must reach beyond oedipal conflicts to the primitive internalized object relations. A psychoanalytic study of demoniacal possession contributes much to the understanding of such patients but particularly to the conceptualization of borderline and psychotic states. It is in the treatment of these patients that the role of the psychotherapist is more akin to that of the exorcist.

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1978.tb02445.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We remarked in an earlier paper (Sandler, Dare&Holder, 1972) that ‘Towards the end of the second phase certain inconsistencies began to be apparent in Freud's view of the mental apparatus and its functioning'. These inconsistencies, which rendered the use of the topographical model difficult and limited its clinical application, will be discussed below under several different headings. They have been devised with the advantages of the hindsight afforded by the development of psychoanalysis over more than half a century since the structural model was introduced (Freud, 1923). While limitations of the topographical model are pointed out in this paper, we would like to underline the fact that the model was not completely replaced by the structural model of the third phase of psychoanalysis. It has continued to be applied where appropriate or convenien

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1978.tb02446.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper describes the essence of object relations theory as developed by Winnicott through his concepts of the transitional object, the good enough mother holding a situation for her child and play both solitary and mutual. These concepts are compared and contrasted with the essential features of attachment theory as put forward by Bowlby.It is suggested that Winnicott's object relations concepts and attachment theory each provide a framework to explain similar psychological and interpersonal phenomena. Reasons are put forward for the choice of attachment theory as a basis for family therapy and to suggest hypotheses to investigate the quality and quantity of intrafamilial social interaction and concomitant emotional states.The family in family therapy is described in terms of the interpersonal dynamic suggested by attachment theory. The family is seen as a homoeostatic system of relationships between individuals at different stages of development who share set goals aimed at terminating a specific form of proximity‐seeking attachment behaviour and promoting exploratory behaviou

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1978.tb02447.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A pilot Voluntary Case Aid programme in an English Mental Hospital using National Health Service resources is described. The selection of ten volunteers and ten patients and the preparation of all personnel was followed by regular contacts for at least a year. Subsequent evaluation suggested high motivation with both Case Aids and patients. Changes towards improved social functioning were evident in most cases by the end of the project. A relationship starting, continuing and finishing is reported in detail and from this study it is clear that the volunteer was a reality tester for staff and patient alike, constructively disturbing and modifying their mutual projections. This was true of most of the Case Aid interventions and the implications are discussed. A method of group supervision for Case Aids is reported.

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1978.tb02448.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Hill's (1966) critique of the experimental evidence for the anal character is subjected to a critical examination and some of the arguments are shown to be mistaken. In addition new evidence is presented which supports the previous interpretation. It is concluded that there is still factor analytic evidence for the anal character.

ISSN:0007-1129    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1978.tb02449.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY