ISSN:0907-2055    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2397.1996.tb00120.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study reports on discharged patients' experiences of care at a therapeutic community ‐ The Millhill. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire and interviews. The focus of the study is on the former patients' own experiences of The Millhill and their present state. The majority report positive changes when they compare how they feel today with how they felt just prior to admission and just after discharge. Eighty‐five percent claim that the major problem which led them to seek treatment is less serious today than it was when they were admitted to The Millhill. Compared with other inpatient care, the interviews showed that treatment at The Millhill was based on long‐term individual treatment plans and that those undergoing treatment were treated as “individuals”, whereas treatment in the psychiatric wards was more like “storage” and medication and those undergoing treatment were treated

ISSN:0907-2055    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2397.1996.tb00121.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study aims to assess the consistency of replies to questionnaires mailed to patients and two kinds of collaterals, i.e., social workers and significant others, at a public treatment center with socially unstable and compulsory committed patients. It compares the quantity and kind of discrepancies between replies by patients and collaterals on outcome data concerning social situation and drinking habits. It aims to measure the amount of systematic bias among factors that may explain inconsistencies between reports, especially the factors compulsory commitment, worse outcome, frequency of contact and type of collateral. The responders generally agreed. Variables in which there was less agreement were explored in logistic regressions using ten explanatory variables. Significant relations did not exceed those expected by chance. Discrepancies were not systematic in size and kind. On a six‐rank ordinal scale of alcohol use or abuse, however, patients tended to underestimate the extent of their abuse. Inconsistencies here concerned the degree but not the presence of abuse. No difference in consistency due to type of collateral was found. In conclusion, the consistency of the questionnaires was high and independent of the social situation of the patient, of compulsory commitment and of other background or treatment factors, as well as of treatment outcome and type of collatera

ISSN:0907-2055    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2397.1996.tb00122.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

One third of all hemophiliacs in Sweden were infected with human immunodeficiency virus via their medicines during 1979 to 1985. This was a major disaster to this small group of patients. On the basis of documents collected from official and unofficial sources, a description of the events following the disaster was made. Unexpected social tensions arose in the patient association. During spring 1986, almost one year after the testing of every patient in the country, a nationwide psychosocial exploration took place. The main objective was to study needs for psychosocial services. The atmosphere was very charged at the time of the survey. The patients were more or less isolated and many people, both old and young, described their feelings of anxiety as terrifying and as a hardship they were unable to bear. Later the group gradually was to adopt a more open attitude that also changed their attitude to both the need of treatment and support. In time this led to a need to turn to each other for advice and support.

ISSN:0907-2055    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2397.1996.tb00123.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Drug addict rehabilitation programs receive a small proportion of the funds made available through the social welfare system. Emphasis has traditionally been placed on the pathological rather than the salutogenic elements of an addicted lifestyle. A new test of a person's sense of coherence in life (Antonovsky's 9‐item Sense of Coherence scale) may be of interest in rehabilitation work with drug addicts, and in focusing more attention on this aspect of addiction treatment. Thirty drug addicts in treatment and rehabilitation and 10 former drug addicts were interviewed using the 9‐item Sense of Coherence scale. The results obtained were compared to a well known test of distress, the 24‐item Symptom Checklist. Drug addicts in treatment facilities had significantly lower mean scores on the 9‐item Sense of Coherence scale (2.3) and higher scores on the 24‐item Symptom Checklist (2.3) than both drug addicts in rehabilitatively oriented institutions (3.3 and 1.6) and the long‐term rehabilitated non‐using former drug addicts (4.2 and 1.5 respectively). The differences between the group in rehabilitation and the former drug addicts were also statistically significant. The levels of the two psychometric tests suggested a gradual movement towards normal values and an increased sense of meaning in life among the former drug addicts, contrary to findings by other researchers. The length of time before these tests return to normal values may exceed the observation period often used in follow‐up at treatment facilities. Increased social welfare may follow if a disclosure of salutogenic possibilities in drug addicts is obtained. Further prospective research is, however, necessary to confi

ISSN:0907-2055    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2397.1996.tb00124.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In 1993 it was estimated that there were approximately 2000 children in 64 institutions in Estonia. Children in Estonia and in other central and eastern European countries are often removed from their homes and placed in institutions in order to ensure that their basic physical needs will be met.Lapsele Oma Koduis a project that was initiated in Estonia in 1993 to (a) train social workers and homemakers to provide family services to reunite institutionalized children with families; (b) return home a minimum of 50 institutionalized children; (c) demonstrate a model family support program; and (d) influence public opinion and child welfare policy in Estonia. Between April 1993 and June 1994, services were provided to 150 families (including 187 children). A total of 101 children have been removed from institutions and placed with biological, foster or adoptive families. An additional 19 children have been able to remain with their families through preventive services. This article presents data from the first 15 months of project activities that can be useful to other countries in central and eastern Europe initiating similar family service programs in the post‐Soviet er

ISSN:0907-2055    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2397.1996.tb00125.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Cuts in public spending and financial constraints faced by Swedish municipalities have led to an increased interest in issues concerning priorities. This interest reflects a practical need to meet current rationing with accurate allocative decisions, where the interests of different areas and categories of users are dealt with in a well‐considered way. In social work, these needs today are obvious. The article raises issues concerning priorities with relevance for social work in the Swedish social services. The purpose is to develop a conceptual and theoretical framework regarding how priorities on different levels of decision‐making are made, where the main focus is on different principles as grounds for and forms of prioritizing. Central are the following questions: What actors can be identified in the process of shaping priorities in social work? What are the principles behind allocative decisions made on different levels of the municipal organization? Which categories of potential and actual users gain advantages or suffer disadvantages from different allocative principles? A theoretical division into first‐ and second‐order decisions and of allocations from notions of efficiency, justice and self‐interest offer the main structure for the article. First‐order decisions are political decision‐making concerning the total amount of resources distributed to various sectors or programs. Second‐order decisions deal with the issue of how to allocate given resources among claimants or possible users. Efficiency is discussed from the aspects of productivity, marginal utility and longterm effects. Material principles of justice dealt with are the principles of need, increment, contribution and merit. Self‐interest is discussed in terms of self‐serving bias, group‐oriented interests

ISSN:0907-2055    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2397.1996.tb00126.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0907-2055    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2397.1996.tb00127.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0907-2055    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2397.1996.tb00128.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0907-2055    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2397.1996.tb00129.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY