摘要:

Fish communities of a river subjected to urban disturbance including a section affected by warm effluents in Southern Nigeria are described. Thirty-nine species were recorded of which 82% occurred upstream, while thermal and downstream sections accounted for 51 and 44% respectively. The species distribution reflected the varying habitat conditions of the three study sections. The fauna upstream was different from those of thermal and downstream sections. The fortnightly occurrence of common species showed the respective preference of freshwater species upstream, and brackish/marine species downstream; the occurrence frequency of some species indicated the influence of warm water in the thermal section. The structure of fish communities in the study stretch is discussed.

ISSN:0394-6975    

DOI:10.1080/03946975.1993.10539205

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Prey assemblages and inhabitant communities in pitchers were compared among 10NepenthesLinnaeus 1753 species with various pitcher morphologies in West Sumatra, Indonesia. There were significant differences in the number of prey organisms trapped per pitcher amongNepenthesspecies and among pitcher ages but no significant differences among localities nor between the vertical positions of pitchers. Prey assemblages of eightNepenthesspecies were predominated by ants.Nepenthes bongsoKorthals 1839 andN. albomarginataLobb 1849 had prey assemblages characterized by high frequencies of midges and termites, respectively. Pitchers captured prey organisms not by random trapping but by attracting specific groups of organisms.

ISSN:0394-6975    

DOI:10.1080/03946975.1993.10539206

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A summary is presented of the 63 species of Cerambycidae known from the Bahamas Islands, based mainly on a collection made in 1987 on Andros Island, supplemented by new literature records and material from other islands and collections. The Andros Island collection represented nearly 50% (31 spp.) of the species known from the Bahamas, and increased the number of species known from Andros by over 70% (16 spp.). New records are also given for Eleuthera Island, Great Exuma, Man-o-war Cay, Crooked Islands, New Providence, San Salvador, Abaco, Booby Cay, South Bimini, Long Islands, Grand Bahama, Mayaguana, Ragged Islands, Rum Cay and Nurse Cay. Six species are new to the Bahamas and one species is a new record for the Caribbean region. Sixteen endemic species are present. Log species-log area relationships for the islands form a significant regression line as predicted by the equilibrium theory of island biogeography. Comparison of the distributions of Bahamian tree species and cerambycids is significant. It is likely that these phytophagous beetles followed the same dispersal pattern as trees. Since the Bahamas were entirely submerged in the Pliocene, the Bahamian cerambycid fauna (and all other terrestrial biotas) is predominantly the result of late Pleistocene and Recent Overwater dispersal from Cuba and secondarily from Hispaniola, and Florida.

ISSN:0394-6975    

DOI:10.1080/03946975.1993.10539207

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A phylogenetic approach to the groups of species of the neotropical Troidines currently included in the genusBattusScopoli 1777 has been conducted. In the light of historical and ecological processes of evolution in the neotropical biota, the cladogram of Battiti is discussed. General vicariance patterns, as well as dispersal events which contributed to the present distribution of the taxa, are suggested to have operated at different spatial and temporal points.

ISSN:0394-6975    

DOI:10.1080/03946975.1993.10539208

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Haematological profile ofHeterobranchus bidorsalis(Geoffroy St. Hilaire 1809) was determined. Haematocrit values, haemoglobin concentrations, erythrocyte and leucocyte counts, mean cell haemoglobin concentration, sodium and potassium ions concentrations were 24.75±1.23%, 5.43±0.25 g/100 ml, 1.99±0.52 106/mm3and 7.25±0.60 104/mm3, 22.11±0.77%, 802.52±36.97 and 83.54±5.05 mg/1, respectively.

ISSN:0394-6975    

DOI:10.1080/03946975.1993.10539209

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The new karyotypic form ofTachyoryctes splendens(Rüppell 1836) from Ethiopia is described. It consists of 48 chromosomes, of which three pairs (1, 2, 4) are subtelocentric with very short additional arms, 17 pairs are acrocentric and three pairs are metacentric. The sex pair is composed of the largest submetacentric X-chromosome and large metacentric Y-chromosome. The fundamental number is 62. C-banding reveals pericentromeric heterochromatin in almost all autosomes and X- chromosome, additional heterochromatic blocks at the short arms of subtelocentric autosomes, telomeric blocks of X-chromosome and fully heterochromatinized Y-chromosome. The Ag-NORs are localized at the telomeric ends of the short arms of the first and the second autosomal pairs. The data onT. splendensof Ethiopia are compared with those from earlier studies of the karyotypes of representatives of the family Rhizomyidae to whichT. splendensbelongs.

ISSN:0394-6975    

DOI:10.1080/03946975.1993.10539210

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Perissomyrmex monticolan. sp. is described from Bhutan on three specimens, two workers and one dealate female. This is the second species of the genus. This genus has previously been recorded from Guatemala only. The discovery ofP. monticolain Bhutan, as well as the probable phyletic relationships of the genus, strongly indicate thatPerissomyrmexis not autochthonous to South America and that its natural distribution should be confined to the Old World. Hence, the previous Neotropical record should be explained by human introduction.

ISSN:0394-6975    

DOI:10.1080/03946975.1993.10539211

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

To the single existing observation of paternal care in opilionids two more are added: eggs glued on right leg IV inLeytpodoctis ovigern. gen. n. sp. (Podoctidae; Philippines: Leyte); flattened egg clutch guarded below stones and decaying wood inLepchana spinipalpisRoewer 1927 (Assamiidae; Nepal). The three known cases of paternal care in opilionids are all within the superfamily Gonyleptoidea in the suborder Laniatores, but represent three different families. Apparently, this behaviour developed independently in all cases, the three families concerned not being closely related.

ISSN:0394-6975    

DOI:10.1080/03946975.1993.10539212

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Editha magnifica(Perty 1834) is a univoltine and subsocial sand wasp that nests in aggregations on vertical earth banks. This species was studied along a dirt road in the Horto Florestal Navarro de Andrade, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil. The individuals large size and the lack of size differences among the sexes are particular morphological features of this species. The reproductive period extends from January to May. Females dig the nest prior to spending around 2 weeks provisioning it. Prey species are butterflies, mainly skippers, and diurnal moths, probably hunted on flowers. During the reproductive period males patrol the nesting site flying and hovering around the earth bank. In the reproductive peak, by April, some males can become territorial residents, defending nesting females against patrolling males. Adult wasps disappear by May, but the prepupae remain dormant in their cocoons for 8 months. I hypothesize that the evolution of dormancy in this subsocial species can be related to prey availability that prevents the overlap of generations and evolution of eusociality.

ISSN:0394-6975    

DOI:10.1080/03946975.1993.10539213

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A population of the triploid gecko,Hemidactylus stejnegeriOta & Hikida 1989, was found on an off-shore island of Vietnam for the first time. Chromosomal analyses and multivariate analyses of meristic and morphometric characters revealed that Vietnamese populations are slightly but significantly differentiated from the Philippine and Taiwanese populations. The latter two, on the other hand, are poorly differentiated from each other morphologically. Male phenotypes were found in Vietnamese and Taiwanese populations, and their significance is discussed.

ISSN:0394-6975    

DOI:10.1080/03946975.1993.10539214

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor