ISSN:1062-4821    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Apoptosis plays an integral role during nephrogenesis and is tightly regulated by bcl-2. Transgenic mice manifesting a loss of bcl-2 expression demonstrate fulminant apoptosis of the metanephric blastema during kidney formation leading to renal hypoplasia at birth and multicystic renal disease later in life. In adult kidneys, the rate of apoptosis and level of bcl-2 expression are relatively low. Renal disease can alter the rate of apoptosis and/or elevate bcl-2 expression. The implications of such alterations are discussed.

ISSN:1062-4821    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The main components of basement membranes are collagen IV, laminin, entactin/nidogen, and proteoglycans. In the past few years, new basement membrane components have been discovered, including new collagen IV α chains, new laminin α, β, and γ chains, and new proteoglycans. Most of these are expressed in the kidney, a virtual treasure chest of molecularly and functionally distinct basement membranes. One well characterized renal basement membrane is the glomerular basement membrane, the primary filtration barrier of the kidney, Immunohistochemical studies have shown not only that the glomerular basement membrane is molecularly distinct from other renal basement membranes, but also that as it develops, there is a complex series of defined transitions in the basement membrane components that are deposited there. This review summarizes these transitions and discusses their relevance in our understanding of the pathogenesis of renal disease.

ISSN:1062-4821    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Analyses of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and PDGF-receptor knockout mice show that the development of specific subsets of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) depend on PDGF. Pericytes and mesangial cells failed to develop in PDGF-B deficient emtryos, whereas alveolar SMCs failed to develop in PDGP-A deficient embryos. The ontogeny of pericytes and alveolar SMCs suggests a common theme in the formation of PDGF-dependent SMCs, in which PDGF-receptor positive SMC progenitors spread from proximal to distal sites along PDGF-expressing epithelial, or endothelial, tubes.

ISSN:1062-4821    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) appears to play crucial roles in the cardiovascular system. Over the past few years it has become apparent that there is more than one receptor recognizing parathyroid hormone or PTHrP, or both, and that PTHrP is not only a potent vasodilator of vascular smooth muscle cell tone, but is also a regulator of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and a secretagogue of renin and vasopressin. Investigators in several laboratories have started to query whether PTHrP intervenes in vascular such as hypertension, (re)stenosis- atherosclerosis and endotoxaemia.

ISSN:1062-4821    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The mitochondria! enzyme monoamine oxidases A and B are among the major metabolic agents for the degradation of the bipgenic amines adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine and serotonin. The fact that the kidney contains a large amount of monoamine oxidase suggests that the renal effects of bibgenic amines might depend in part on the activity of these enzymes.

ISSN:1062-4821    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Aquaporins are integral membrane proteins, which function as specialized water channels to facilitate the passage of water through the cell membrane. In mammals six different aquaporins have been identified up to now, four of which (aquaporin-1 to aquaporin-4) are expressed in the kidney. Because of its importance for normal water homeostasis and its involvement in many water balance disorders, aquaporin-2, the predominant vasopressin-regulated water channel of the renal collecting duct, is discussed in detail.

ISSN:1062-4821    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The application of modern techniques in molecular genetics to classic diseases in clinical nephrology is highlighted by the recent description of the molecular basis of Barrier's and Gitelman's syndromes, A series of detailed studies are described that have resulted in the identification of specific mutations in four different genes, each of which causes hypokalemic alkalosis, salt wasting and hypotension. The importance of these genetic studies in understanding renal physiology and the regulation of blood pressure, and in developing new therapeutic strategies is discussed.

ISSN:1062-4821    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The structure of ATP-sensitive K+(KATP) channels in excitable cells has been elucidated recently. These channels consist of a pore-forming inward rectifier K+(Kir) channel and four sulfonylurea receptor proteins. In the distal nephron, Kir 1.1 (ROMK) channels probably contribute to the formation of epithelial (KATP) channels. Current findings suggest the possibility that these renal KATPchannels consist of Kir 1.1 channel-CFTR complexes and therefore represent structural analogues of classical KATPchannels.

ISSN:1062-4821    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1062-4821    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID