ISSN:0196-3627    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1983.tb01705.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Radiographic diagnosis of gastric mucosal disease has not been reported in the cat. This may be due to the difficulty in making these diagnoses with survey or single contrast radiography. Double contrast gastrography (DCG) allows direct visualization of gastric mucosal surfaces. The DCG technique in the cat is described, and the normal radiographic appearance is illustrated.

ISSN:0196-3627    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1983.tb01706.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Cancer Medicine(2nd Ed.). J.F.Holland, MD, and E. Frei, III, MD, in collaboration with 184 contributors.

ISSN:0196-3627    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1983.tb01707.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

It was hypothesized that double contrast gastrography (DCG) in the dog and cat would be more sensitive and specific than single contrast gastrography (SCG). In 13 dogs and three cats single and double contrast studies were performed and final diagnoses confirmed. DCG was found to be more sensitive and specific than SCG in detection of gastric disease. The loss of specificity of DCG was due entirely to technical difficulties that when recognized, were avoidable. The increased sensitivity of DCG included the ability to characterize the appearance as well as the location of the lesion. A discussion of the DCG appearance of some gastric lesions is included.

ISSN:0196-3627    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1983.tb01708.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Cinefluorography and videofluorography were used to record and analyze functional swallowing deficits of 12 dogs with spontaneously occurring oropharyngeal dysphagias and six experimental dogs with selected neurectomies. Ten of the 12 dogs had dysphagias affecting the cricopharyngeal stage of the oropharyngeal phase of swallowing. Two dogs had mixed oropharyngeal dysphagias. Clinical signs of cricopharyngeal dysphagia could not be differentiated from those of dysphagias due to pharyngeal or mixed oropharyngeal deficits. Signs of cricopharyngeal dysphagia consisted of: 1) repeated attempts to swallow; 2) excessive head movement; 3) dropping food from the mouth after unsuccessful swallowing attempts; 4) reingestion of dropped food. Nine of these dogs had cinefluorographic evidence of asynchrony between the normal pharyngeal contraction and relaxation, and subsequent cricopharyngeal relaxation and contraction. Only one dog demonstrated a consistent cricopharyngeal non‐opening (achalasia). Seven of the dogs responded dramatically to cricopharyngeal myotomy. Two dogs with mixed oropharyngeal dysphagias had poor contractility of the pharyngeal muscles in addition to cricopharyngeal dysphagia. Clinical and cinefluorographic evaluation following cricopharyngeal myotomy of one dog verified exacerbation of functional deficits due to the iatrogenic cricopharyngeal chalasia. Esophagopharyngeal reflux accentuated the contrast medium retention in the pharynx and laryngotracheal aspiration. The need was stressed for careful differentiation between cricopharyngeal dysphagia and dysphagias involving the pharyngeal stage. Four experimental dogs with selective bilateral neurectomies of branches of the glossopharyngeal (IX) and vagus (X) nerves were evaluated clinically and cinefluorographically in an attempt to identify the pathogenesis of cricopharyngeal dysphagia. The variable results in the four dogs and the observed recovery in two dogs suggested that peripheral motor nerve deficits are not a major cause of cricopharyngeal dysphagia. Glossopharyngeal neurectomy in two dogs induced a profound functional disorder involving the pharyngeal and cricopharyngeal stages and the esophageal phase of swallowing. This would support a new hypothesis that the glossopharyngeal nerve is sensory to the esophagus as well as the pharynx, and may play a major role in disorders of the pharynx, upper esophageal sphincter, and esophagus, including congenital or acquired megaesophagu

ISSN:0196-3627    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1983.tb01709.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0196-3627    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1983.tb01710.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Longitudinal radiographic evaluation of skeletal maturation in 28 rhesus monkeys demonstrated that the majority of appendicular ossification centers were identified radiographically by 175 days of age and that physeal union was complete by 7.3 years in males and 7.2 years in females.

ISSN:0196-3627    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1983.tb01711.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Angiography during intestinal healing following single‐layer inverting, everting, and end‐on anastomoses was carried out in 18 calves. Six anastomoses using the same technique were performed in each animal. Six anastomoses, along with one main artery supplying the anastomotic site, were removed from each calf on the first, third, seventh, 15th, 21st, and 28th postoperative days. Angiograms of tubular intestinal segments were obtained after intraarterial infusion of 2–3 ml of sodium iothalamate and lead suspension. Lead‐infused intestinal segments were cut open through the mesenteric border to obtain additional angiograms of flat bowel. Angiograms in the early stage of intestinal healing revealed hypervascularity at the cut edges and an avascular zone at the suture line. These changes were more intense with the everting than with the inverting and end‐on techniques. The sprouting of vessels at the anastomotic junction and their crossing over started on third postoperative day but were clearly visualized only after the seventh postoperative day. By 15–21 days after operation, anastomotic sites were almost completely revascularized for all techniques. Everted anastomosis elicited more intense vascular response and resulted in earlier vascularization than the other two techniques. No appreciable differences in the pattern of revascularization were observed with inverting and end‐on anastomoses. Lead suspension proved to be better than sodium iothalamate for such studies. Angiograms of the open bowel provided more realistic and confirmatory information regarding the sequence of vascular‐changes at

ISSN:0196-3627    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1983.tb01712.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0196-3627    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1983.tb01713.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY