ISSN:1350-7540    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Identification of immune-mediated neuropathies is important as these disorders often respond to treatment. Patterns of binding of serum M (mononclonal) proteins and autoantibodies correlate with, and may be diagnostic markers for, specific polyneuropathy syndromes. There is evidence that some of these antibodies may play a pathogenic role in polyneuropathy syndromes. Identification of specific immune polyneuropathy syndromes provides guidance regarding immunosuppressive regimens that may be effective treatments.

ISSN:1350-7540    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Recent progress in molecular genetics has resulted in more insight in the molecular biology of muscles and the muscular dystrophies, and has provided more reliable tools for prenatal and presymptomatic diagnosis in several disorders. The state of research is reviewed with emphasis on genetic aspects.

ISSN:1350-7540    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This review first considers toxic neuropathies of recent interest, including those caused by antineoplastic and antiretroviral drugs, agents that affect methylation reactions, vitamin and herbal preparations, and certain occupational exposures. The discussion points out the interesting phenomenon of “coasting,” the strategy of using neurotrophic factors to combat toxic neuropathies, and the inapparent risks in “health foods.” Second, it considers toxic myopathy syndromes, including zidovudine myopathy and its differentiation from HIV-associated inflammatory myopathy, cholesterol-lowering agent myopathies, acute myopathy with selective loss of myosin filaments due to neuromuscular blocking agents and corticosteroids, the eosinophilia myalgia syndrome, and colchicine myoneuropathy. Some of these syndromes illustrate important toxicologic principles about recognition of rare disorders, unanticipated temporal relationships with exposure, and risk factor assessment.

ISSN:1350-7540    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1350-7540    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Recent advances in electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography are reviewed. Their relevance to epileptic and nonepileptic conditions is considered. The use of intensive video-EEG monitoring for the study or diagnosis of epilepsy is addressed. Studies using invasive EEG procedures for seizure analysis with or without surgical therapy are described. The integration of EEG with computer technologies is increasing, and studies using digital EEG recording and quantitative analysis in Alzheimer's disease and other disorders are reviewed. Environmental and behavioral effects on EEG are considered. The role of EEG in sleep-related electrophysiological monitoring is presented. Progress in magnetoencephalography is described, but as a newer technology its usefulness in epilepsy and other disorders remains to be proved, especially for clinical applications.

ISSN:1350-7540    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

With the technique of transcranial magnetic stimulation it is possible to study the function of motor pathways in normal subjects and in patients with neurologic disease. In conjunction with both evoked and event-related potentials, transcranial magnetic stimulation can be used to probe the processes involved in analyzing sensory input and in preparing for motor output.

ISSN:1350-7540    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This review of the past year's literature on neurophysiology of muscles and peripheral nerves emphasizes areas with direct clinical interest. The subject is diversified but will be discussed under the following major headings: nerve conduction studies, electromyography, magnetic motor evoked potentials, quantitative sensory testing, assessment of peripheral pain fibers, and autonomic function assessment.

ISSN:1350-7540    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The past year's literature on eye movements is characterized by two trends: first by the examination of eye movement organization in the three planes of eye rotation in normal subjects (there is yet no publication about abnormalities of this three-dimensional organization in patients) and second by the increasing awareness of clinicians that the characteristics of saccades are highly task-dependent, and that the saccadic performance of patients must be tested under various conditions. Several papers try to establish a correlation between the site of a lesion and abnormalities of specific parameters of task-dependent saccades. For a better understanding, the different experimental tasks for the elicitation of saccades are explained in the text.

ISSN:1350-7540    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Recent advances in neuro-ophthalmology have been made in both diagnosis and therapy. New discoveries in molecular genetics have resulted in the identification of abnormalities in the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes likely responsible for retinitis pigmentosa and Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy, respectively. Neuroimaging continues to broaden our diagnostic abilities in both optic nerve disease and lesions of the retrochiasmal visual pathways. The role of steroids in idiopathic optic neuritis has been clarified by the Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial. The optic nerve sheath decompression procedure has become a useful and effective adjunct in the management of visual loss secondary to pseudotumor cerebri, and is currently being evaluated as a potential treatment for anterior ischemic optic neuropathy.

ISSN:1350-7540    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID