ISSN:1040-872X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Basic research in vulvar cancer results in new prognostic variables such as human papillomavirus DNA and epidermal growth factor receptor level. It also suggests thatp53mutants are involved in the pathogenesis of this disease. However, histopathological parameters of the lymph nodes, such as capsule breakthrough are the most significant prognosticators for patient survival

ISSN:1040-872X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Critical analysis of the collected evidence on cytoreductive surgery suggests a median survival benefit of 9–12 months in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy. Recently, a randomized study on the value of secondary cytoreduction showed a median survival benefit of 6 months for those with small residual disease after the second operation. Primary cytoreduction is feasible in approximately 70% of patients, with an acceptable level of morbidityThe reported evidence justifies a serious attempt at cytoreductive surgery at the first operation by an experienced gynaecological oncologist

ISSN:1040-872X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The 5-year survival for women with stage I borderline tumours is favourable, about 95–97%, but the 10-year survival is only between 70 and 95%, caused by late recurrence. The 5-year survival for stage II-III patients is 65–87%. A more correct staging procedure, classification of true serous implants and agreement on the contribution to stage of the presence of gelatinous ascites in mucinous tumours may in the future change the distribution of stage and survival data by stage for women with borderline tumours. Independent prognostic factors in patients with epithelial ovarian borderline tumours without residual tumour after primary surgery are DNA ploidy, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, histologic type and patient age. Future questions to be addressed include the following: (1) Have patients with borderline tumours in general been overtreated and how should these patients be treated?; (2) How to define the high-risk patient?; (3) In which group of patients is fertility-sparing surgery advisable?; and (4) Do patients with borderline tumours benefit from adjuvant treatment?

ISSN:1040-872X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Although combination chemotherapy, which includes cisplatin, has a high response rate in cervical cancer, its usefulness as an adjunct to pelvic surgery or radiotherapy remains undefined. In most studies chemotherapy, either before, during, or after local treatment, has not been shown to improve outcome. Local treatment alone remains standard treatment, pending further randomized trials.

ISSN:1040-872X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Randomized trials with long follow-up confirm the beneficial effect of adjuvant chemotherapy in most groups of patients with operable breast cancer. The use of chemotherapy in large tumours before surgery does not appear to jeopardize survival. High-dose chemotherapy and the use of taxoids may change the natural history of metastatic disease.

ISSN:1040-872X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The main uterine effect of prolonged tamoxifen use is an increased incidence of proliferative abnormalities of the endometrium. These form an overlapping pathological spectrum ranging from simple hyperplasia to invasive malignancy, with hyperplastic endometrial polyps and polyp-cancers occupying the intermediate ground. The factors involved in the genesis of these lesions remain poorly understood but a combination of inherited factors and cumulative tamoxifen dosage may be important.

ISSN:1040-872X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Recently, much attention in both the medical and lay communities has been focused on a possible association between fertility drug use and invasive ovarian cancer, and ovarian tumors of low malignant potential. A causal relationship, if shown to exist, has important implications. In the past year, several large case-control and cohort studies have attempted to address this issue. However, interpretation of the available data has been hampered by a number of factors. Retrospective study designs, small numbers of ovarian cancer cases, and inconsistent reporting of fertility drug use and type of infertility have all been common methodological shortcomings. The known ovarian cancer risk factors of low parity and infertility have been particularly difficult to separate from any effect of ovulation induction. The current epidemiologic data are insufficient to implicate conclusively specific fertility medications in ovarian carcinogenesis. The data do suggest that women with refractory infertility may constitute a high-risk population for developing ovarian cancer, independent of fertility drug use. Until the relationship between ovulation induction and ovarian cancer risk is defined more accurately, a high index of clinical suspicion for ovarian neoplasms is indicated before, during, and after treating women for infertility.

ISSN:1040-872X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The use of hormonal replacement therapy following genital tract cancer is often denied to women because of the fear of increasing the risk of recurrence or new growth. The paucity of articles written on this subject during the past decade is an indication of the attitude of the medical profession to the needs of women suffering from symptoms of sex hormone deficiency. During 1994–1995 there were few articles published on the use of hormonal therapy to treat menopausal symptoms following genital tract cancer. Several articles, however, reviewed the relationship between hormones and genital tract cancer, some explored the value of antioestrogens in controlling recurrent or secondary disease, and a few others discussed the risk of developing uterine cancer when tamoxifen was used to manage postmenopausal breast cancer.Some suggestions are made that will allow women suffering from symptoms of hormone deficiency to receive alternative regimens of hormonal therapy. Maintaining quality of life without reducing the potential length of life is paramount in reaching a decision on the use of hormonal therapy following genital tract cancer.

ISSN:1040-872X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1040-872X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID