ISSN:0003-813X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4754.1975.tb00111.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSSamples of Neolithic and Chalcolithic pottery from nine sites in the Upper Alentejo and Estremadura regions of Portugal have been dated by the thermoluminescence method (quartz inclusion technique). The project was designed to help establish an absolute chronology for the Neolithic and Chalcolithic periods in this area, and to try to elucidate the chronological relationships between settlement sites and burial sites (‘dolmens’) in the same area. Portugal was confirmed, together with Brittany, as being one of the earliest foci of megalith build

ISSN:0003-813X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4754.1975.tb00112.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSChemical analyses (mainly by XRF) have been made of a series of glazed pottery vessels and sherds excavated from Kish and Nineveh in Iraq, manufactured betweenc.600b.c.anda.d.600 (also a small Islamic group from Hira). The results strongly suggest, contrary to general assumption, that lead glazing was not practised in this area at this time; that the local glazing tradition persisted unchanged for 1200 years; and that the production at different periods, or at different places, can be characterized by statistically significant variations in the glaze composition.

ISSN:0003-813X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4754.1975.tb00113.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSFifty‐one waster sherds of Terra Sigillata (∼20‐0b.c.) from Arezzo, Italy and Lyons, France have been chemically analysed for twenty‐eight elements by neutron activation and seven by X‐ray fluorescence. Most of the elemental abundances were measured with high precision and cross‐comparisons of the two techniques of measurement (and sample preparation) give added insight as to their relative precision, the calibration differences and the extent to which volatile materials such as carbonate or water influence the results. The sherds from Arezzo formed a homogeneous and distinctive chemical group while all but two of those from Lyons were classified into three such groups. Two of the Lyons groups (MML A and MML B) were from Montée de La Muette and one was from Loyasse. Four additional sherds from houses excavated in Strasbourg and one from Lyons, all of which bore the signature of the famous Anetine pottery‐making firm of Ateius, were also analyzed by the same techniques. These signed sherds all had the same composition pattern and it closely matched one of those from Montée de La Muette (MML A) in Lyons. It is therefore suggested that these five sherds bearing the Ateius signature were made in the general vicinity of Lyons and were part of the output of an as yet unknown Gallic branch of the

ISSN:0003-813X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4754.1975.tb00114.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSIt has been established that on occasion prehistoric man heat‐treated siliceous stones in order to improve their flaking qualities. In this work we have examined samples of heat‐treated chert by means of X‐ray diffraction and have established that, in most cases, heat treatment causes an X‐ray diffraction line broadening which can be interpreted as a decrease in range of crystalline order of up to 40%, in the most extreme case. The implications of this to an understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of fracture and as a tool for archaeological studies are di

ISSN:0003-813X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4754.1975.tb00115.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSA study of the trace and minor element content of steatite artifacts from the Eastern United States has been carried out. Samples from both quarry and habitation sites ranging from New York to North Carolina have been analyzed through the use of instrumental neutron activation analysis. The most successful method of evaluating data has involved the study of a very coherent group of elements known as the Rare Earths. Geological processes cause fractionation of this group and it is this fractionation which is of use in terms of characterizing the source deposits of this material. Promising but less definitive results have been obtained with the elements scandium, chromium, cobalt and others. Sufficient variations have been found to be present in the source deposits of steatite in this area to enable differentiation, and the successful linking of samples from habitation sites to their quarry deposits has been achieved in some cases.This paper discusses the results of this study to date, the methods employed, and the potential value of this work in helping to reconstruct prehistoric trading systems.

ISSN:0003-813X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4754.1975.tb00116.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSSeveral geological sources of obsidian in the Pacific Northwest have been characterized by means of their trace element concentrations, as measured by X‐ray fluorescence analysis. The technique is fast and completely non‐destructive, making it well‐suited for identifying the sources of obsidian from which artifacts were fabri

ISSN:0003-813X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4754.1975.tb00117.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSA simple and easily constructed instrument is described for the direct measurement of the volume of solid objects, such as coins, to a high accuracy. The density of the object is readily calculated by dividing the weight of the object by its volume.

ISSN:0003-813X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4754.1975.tb00118.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSUsing partly plastic apparatus, specific heats of coins have been found calorimetricly to an accuracy of ± 3% for most coins. For silver/copper alloys the specific heat varies approximately linearly with the weight percentage composition, so the latter can be calculated for coins of unknown composition

ISSN:0003-813X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4754.1975.tb00119.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSAll known factors influencing the rate and character of flint patination have been investigated. They include the pH of the surrounding solution and the presence in it of sodium ions and chemicals of organic origin. After each treatment the flints were studied with a scanning electron microscope to determine the nature of the surface. The correct assessment of the above factors is essential for the derivation of reliable archaeological information from flint patinas.

ISSN:0003-813X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4754.1975.tb00120.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY