ISSN:0003-813X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4754.1974.tb01087.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSBoth the growing body of literature on the tree‐ring calibration of radiocarbon dates, and the variety of statistical approaches used, make it appropriate to review the basic principles involved in the construction of a calibration curve. While its ultimate validity is in part a geophysical problem, the appropriate form for the calibration function, given a specific body of data, is a statistical question centering upon the analysis of the measurement errors involved. The relationship between the calibration function and the inverse calibration function is examined, and the shortcomings of the available published calibration curves considered in the light of this examination. It is concluded that there is no reason to doubt the general principles on which the calibration is based, but a need exists for a more critical handling of the measurement data with a statistical treatment of the errors involved. The quality of the data could itself be improved by the use of replicate samples for inter‐laboratory projects specifically designed to investigate the magnitude of measurement er

ISSN:0003-813X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4754.1974.tb01088.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSThe Bronze Horse of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, suspected in recent years of being a modern forgery, is shown by thermoluminescence to have been made in antiquity. Besides the standard thermoluminescence measurements, a new technique was used, utilizing single, highly radioactive grains of zircon separated from the core material of the horse. The zircon grains, because of their high radioactivities (100–200 ppm) and subsequent large internal alpha doses (60–170 krad), are negligibly affected by γ irradiations given to the horse during previous examination. The results show the horse was made 2000 to 4000 years ago, consistent with a work of classical antiq

ISSN:0003-813X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4754.1974.tb01089.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSDetails are given of how the widths of the annual rings of oak boards, which form the panels for certain sixteenth‐century portraits painted in south‐east England or adjacent parts of the Continent, have been matched with one another. A representative ring‐width curve based on eighteen trees has been obtained and dated by region‐to‐region bridging from the master chronology, derived at Munich, for oaks grown in central and southern Germany. The feasibility of dendrochronology for oaks of slow and regular growth in late medieval times has been established for a region which extends beyond south‐east England to Oxford on the west and to Flanders and parts of France on the east and

ISSN:0003-813X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4754.1974.tb01090.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSThis paper argues the importance of the contribution that multivariate statistical techniques can make to the analysis of data from trace element characterization of sources of raw material and of artefacts. A threephase analysis is outlined: for the delimitation of sources of the raw material; the representation of the interrelationships of these sources; and the systematic and explicit allocation of artefactual material within the available universe of source groups. A model is developed using obsidian from New Zealand sources and presented as an example of the method.

ISSN:0003-813X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4754.1974.tb01091.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSThere is some evidence that early medieval single‐light splayed windows were specifically designed for maximum optical efficiency. Some factors affecting the design of an individual window are examined from three points of view: (1) a brief theoretical consideration of the crude effects of size and angle of splay; (2) an abbreviated account of an analysis of the characteristics of actual windows surviving from the Anglo‐Saxon period; (3) an account of an experiment to determine by means of a scale apparatus the relative effects of window size, angle and type of splay, and surface finish of the fab

ISSN:0003-813X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4754.1974.tb01092.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSThe archaeologist must often determine if ceramics having similar designs and forms but from widely separated locations were locally made or are the result of diffusion. This paper describes a methodology of technological analysis of ceramics utilised to solve such a problem. Results of a mineralogical analysis of ceramics and a discussion of the cultural implications of the results is presented. It is concluded that this methodology is an essential tool in distinguishing sites and elucidating relationships within the Sudanese Neolithic.

ISSN:0003-813X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4754.1974.tb01093.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSTwo possible sources of error in the measurement and interpretation of the specific gravities of gold coins are investigated. First, the effect of the presence of copper was measured and found to be more significant than previously thought. It is shown that the presence of 5% of copper in a gold‐silver alloy results in a measured gold content which is 3.3% too low when the coin is analysed by the specific gravity method. Secondly, the importance of cleaning the coins before measuring the specific gravity is also demonstrate

ISSN:0003-813X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4754.1974.tb01094.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSImitations of T‘ang Dynasty (a.d.618–906) ceramics were produced at the beginning of this century casting them from original piece‐moulds. The impeccable style of these wares means they are indistinguishable from their ancient prototypes by visual inspection. Examples of such imitative material are revealed by thermoluminescent dating analysis. A brief discussion of the need for and methods of the piece‐moulding technique in its use by the T‘ang artisan is a

ISSN:0003-813X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4754.1974.tb01095.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSRadon and subsequent members of the uranium‐238 decay chain are responsible for an appreciable fraction of the radiation dosage received by pottery. Consequently in thermoluminescent dating calculations it is necessary to make an estimate of the degree to which this gas was escaping during burial. Direct measurement of the radon accumulated from pottery fragments indicates that wet conditions do not drastically inhibit the escape of radon, contrary to what has usually been assumed in thermoluminescent dating up till no

ISSN:0003-813X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4754.1974.tb01096.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY