摘要:

AbstractCaptiveLemur fulvuswere presented with scents of their own subspecies, scents of other subspecies ofL. fulvus, and scents of other species of sympatric Lemuriformes. The results suggest thatL. fulvusdo not distinguish between scents of different subspecies ofL. fulvus, and that they do distinguish between scents of their own species and other sympatric species of Lemuriformes.

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb00270.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractObservations on murres on Vedöy (63° 30′ 12° E) from 1956 to 1975 and systematic investigations in order to analyze helping relationships in 62 breeding pairs and 30 chicks during 196 h of observation gave the following results: The attempt of each breeding pair to protect its only egg or chick results in helping neighbours with the defense against approaching birds of prey. The occurrence of brooding helpers is excluded as, from the different looking eggs, each brooder is only able to retrieve its own. After the loss of an own egg or chick adults may take strange chicks under their wing. To be fed these go back to their own parents. Helping behavior in murres is non‐altruistic, and favors the selection of the individual but not the selection of the

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb00271.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWhen exposed to an anesthetized snake, feral black‐tailed prairie dogs living in a high‐snake‐density area approached ambivalently and investigated the snake, typically near the head. Snake‐investigation was interrupted intermittently, when the prairie dog jumped away, foot thumped or jump yipped, and approached the snake again. This behavior attracted other prairie dogs, who behaved similarly. Message analyses of two apparent signaling acts — foot thumping and jump yipping — demonstrated that they convey information that withdrawal from the snake has become less likely, and continued interaction with the snake more likely. Prairie dogs in a zoo and feral prairie dogs in a low‐snake‐density area were unresponsive to immobile snakes, but reacted strongly when the snake was permitted to move. We compared these results to similar data on California ground squirrels and discussed the selection pressures, and ontogenetic and perceptual processes that may have acted as determinants of this snake‐

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb00272.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe behavioural effects of testosterone propionate (TP), 5α‐dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and oestradiol benzoate (OB) were investigated in day‐old chicks during imprinting sessions to a duck model. TP increased the duration of peeping while inhibiting the following reaction and the twitters. DHT had more or less the same effects while OB induces the reverse behavioural changes.The behavioural effects of hormone injections agree with behavioural sex differences observed in non‐injected animals: ♂♂ peep more than ♀♀ which on the other hand produce more twitters. This could be related to sex differences in the hormonal status of the birds at hatching, as it is known that during incubation male chick embryos have higher plasma testosterone levels than ♀♀ of

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb00273.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effects of density and environmental complexity on distance of separation when agonistic acts were executed were studied in the spider crab Microphrys bicornutus. Crabs were held at one of two densities and either in a simple (no structural complexity) or complex environment (rocks added to the aquarium). Behavior patterns and the distances at which they were executed were observed in a neutral container. Analysis of the 580 behavior‐distance measurements indicated effects of both density and environmental complexit

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb00274.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe head hair, beard and pantaloons of mature male American bison (Bison bison) are greatly reduced after each breeding season, primarily by internal physiological events, rather than external, mechanical forces. The consequent reduction in sexual dimorphism may function to reduce post‐breeding season aggression between ♂♂. Minimization of aggression at that time would facilitate adaptation to the seasonal resource scarcity characteristic of temperate zones by permitting the ♂♂ to maximize energy storage prior to the winter food shortage. This adaptive value of a disposable display may help to explain some other instances of seasonal loss of sexually dimorphic features, such as antlers in deer and horn sheaths in p

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb00275.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis experiment was designed to study in male ducklings the behavioural influence of testosterone propionate (= TP) injections, combined with pituitary‐adrenal hormones administration, in two test situations: in groups of birds from the same residence cage or from visually isolated cages. It appears from the results that TP administration increased sexual but not aggressive behaviour, while pituitary‐adrenal hormones induced very few effects. The responses of the birds were however modulated to a large extent by the type of test situat

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb00276.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractExperiments on the behaviour ofDrosophila melanogasterof the breeds Berlin, Oregon‐R, Abeele, vermilion and curled show that ♂♂ have pronounced aggressive behaviour under laboratory conditions. Victorious ♂♂ not only defend a certain area of food against intruding rivals, but are also much more successful in c

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb00277.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Greenberg, N.(1976): Thermoregulatory aspects of behavior in the Blue Spiny LizardSceloporus cyanogenysBerryman, J. C., undC. Fullerton(1976): Developmental study of interactions between young and adult Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus)Roper, T. J.(1976): Self‐sustaining activities and reinforcement in the nest‐building behaviour of Mice (Sich selbst belohnende Handlungen und Verstärkung beim Nestbau von Mäusen)Baylis, J. R.(1976): The quantitative study of long‐term courtship: I. Ethological isolation between sympatric populations of the Midas Cichlid,Cichlasoma citrinellum, and the Arrow Cichlid, C.zaliosumEmory, G. R.(1976): Aspects of attention, orientation, and status hierarchy in Mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx) and Gelada Baboons (Theropithecus gelada)Kramer, B.(1976): Flight‐associated discharge pattern in a weakly electric Fish,Gnathonemus petersii(Mormyridae, Teleostei)McBride, G.(1976): The study of social organizations (Vorschläge zur Untersuchung von Gesellschaftsordnungen)Baylis, J. R.(1976): A quantitative study of long‐term courtship: II. The comparative study of the dynamics of courtship in two New World Cichlid fishes (Quantitative Untersuchung langfristigen BalzverhaltensLind, H.(1976): Causal and functional organization of the mating behaviour sequence inHelix pomatiaKavanau, J. L., undR. M. Havenhill(1976): Compulsory regime and control of environment in animal behaviour IIICatchpole, C. K.(1976): Temporal and sequential organization of song in the Sedge Warbler (Acrocephalus schoenobaenus)Yom‐Tov, Y.(1976): Recognition of eggs and young by the Carrion Crow (Corvus corone)Dow, M., A. W. EwingundI. Sutherland(1976): Studies on the behaviour of Cyprinodont Fish III. The temporal patterning of aggression inAphyosemion striatumDolisi, C., H. Stora, M. Troendle, C. OzonundJ. L. Ardisson(1976): Comportement de rats conditionnés par paires: Influence du sexeDavies, N. B.(1976): Parental care and the transition to independent feeding in the young Spotted FlycatcherHutchison, J. B., undS. Lovari(1976): Effects of male aggressiveness on behavioural transitions in the reproductive cycle of the Barbary DoveSears, H. F.(1978): Nesting behavior of the gull‐billed Tern (Über das Brutverhalten der LachseeschwalbeDenenberg, V. H. ed.(1972): Readings in the development of behavior (Über Verhaltensentwicklung)Hess, E. H.(1973): Imprinting. Early experience and the developmental Psychobiology (Prägung)Hess, E. H.(1975): Prägung. Die frühkindliche Entwicklung von Verhaltensmustern bei Tier und MenschTimofeeff‐Ressovsky, N. V., N. N. VoroncovundA. V. Jablikov(1975): Kurzer Grundriz̀ der Evolutionsth

ISSN:0044-3573    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb00278.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY